英语讲义【90】副词分句的节缩

　　上一期谈过了名词分句和形容词分句的节缩句，现在继续谈副词分句的节缩法。

　　根据语意，副词分句可分为时间、地点、条件、让步、目的、结果和方式等。这些副词分句多数可以节缩为副词性短语。现在简述如下：

　　⒈由连词when, while, once, before, after, as soon as 等引导的时间副词分句的节缩，如：

　　●a. When you are in trouble, consult Jason.

　　　b. When in trouble, consult Jason.

　　●a. While Tony was at school, he was a student leader.

　　　b. While at school, Tony was a student leader.

　　●a. Once John was home, he took a rest.

　　　b. Once home, John took a rest.

　　●a. I often close the windows before I go out.

　　　b. I often close the windows before going out.

　　●a. After I had finished my work, I went home.

　　　b. After having finished my work, I went home.

　　●a. Come back as soon as it is possible.

　　　b. Come back as soon as possible.

　　⒉由连词wherever引导的地点副词分句的节缩，如：

　　●a. Wherever it is possible, such facts should be reported.

　　　b. Wherever possible, such facts should be reported.

　　⒊由连词if, unless引导的条件副词分句的节缩，如；

　　●a. I will help you if it is possible

　　　b. I will help you if possible.

　　●a. Unless he meets with an accident, he has never come home late.

　　　b. Unless meeting with an accident, he has never come home late.

　　⒋由连词although, though, even if等引导的让步副词分句的节缩，如：

　　●a. Although Janet knows Chinese, she seldom uses it.

　　　b. Although knowing Chinese, Janet seldom uses it.

　　●a. Though the man is over seventy, he can still run fast.

　　　b. Though over seventy, the man can still run fast.

　　●a. Even if he is invited, he wont go.

　　　b. Even if invited, he wont go.

　　⒌由连词so that, in order that引导的目的副词分句的节缩，如：

　　●a. We arrive early so that we can get good seats.

　　　b. We arrive early so as to get good seats.

　　●a. She plants flowers in order that she can beautify the garden.

　　　b. She plants flowers in order to beautify the garden.

　　⒍由连词sothat引导的结果副词分句的节缩，如：

　　●a. Tom was so tired that he couldnt work anymore.

　　　b. Tom was too tired to work anymore.

　　●a. Jane is so strong that she can lift the box herself.

　　　b. Jane is strong enough to lift the box herself.

　　⒎由连词as if, as though引导的方式副词分句的节缩，如：

　　●a. She moved her lips as if she was going to say something.

　　　b. She moved her lips as if to say something.

　　●a. Bob raised his hand as though he would ask something.

　　　b. Bob raised his hand as though to ask something.