众所周知,被动语态是一种语法手段,使句子里谓语动词后面的宾语,变成主语,成为动作的执行者。因此,当我们要把动作的承受者变成动作的主宰时,便要用被动语态(the passive voice)。
麻烦的是,不是所有的主动语态(the active voice)都可以转变为被动语态,因为有些及物动词(the transitive verb)是不适合以被动形式出现的。
下列句子可以证明:
① I have a Japanese car.
② The auditorium holds 3000 people.
③ This coat does not fit you.
④ Jane resembles her mother.
⑤ Tom jumped the queue.
⑥ I wish you would mind your business.
⑦ Such an idea has just crossed my mind.
此外,有些及物动词虽以主动语态出现,却具有被动含义,故不宜再转变为被动语态。其实,也不能变,因为这些动词后面没有宾语。例如:
⑧ This new knife cuts well.
⑨ Nylon shirts wash easily.
⑩ Jasons books sell quickly.
11. This type of ball pens writes in two colours.
12. The note reads as follows :
另有些动词,虽有主动语态,但却常以被动形式出现,以便更加符合动词惯用法。例如:
13. The train is scheduled to leave at 8pm.
14. All are supposed to come to the meeting on time.
15. The case was reported to the police.
13到15的主动语态为下,但却少见:
*The railway officer schedules the train to leave at 8pm.
*The director supposes all to come to the meeting on time.
*Someone reported the case to the police.
最后还有一种情形,就是相当多动词出现在be + 过去分词 的结构里。看上去,它们像是被动语态;实际上,并没有被动的含义。更有趣的是,这些be后头的过去分词(the past participle )已经渐渐转化为形容词,充当be和其他接击动词(linking verbs)的补足语(the complement);因此不能和被动语态混为一谈。下面是 8 个常见的例子:
16. Many undergraduates here are interested in business administration courses.
17. We were surprised at the unexpected news.
18. Most successful people are distinguished for their courage and diligence.
19. David was very pleased with my work.
20. One can be tired of doing anything some of the time.
21. We are quite concerned about our friends predicament.
22. Joelle is overwhelmed with joy.
23. Are you acquainted with that field of study?
BBC演练英女王驾崩报道 避免再次失态
谷歌对搜索算法进行重大修改 新颖度算法上台
体坛英语资讯:Djokovic beats Agut to reach Wimbledon final
国际英语资讯:Indias widening fiscal deficit, flat factory output may pave way for rate cut
让爱情持久弥新的7个小秘密
普京虐妻花心 与女间谍有私生子
女子临产前考过驾照 自己驱车去医院生产
谷歌地图服务将收费 重度用户何去何从?
体坛英语资讯:Roma midfielder Gerson completes Flamengo move
英伦情人休格兰特晋升奶爸 华裔前女友生千金
职场女性每天只有30分钟“个人时间”
你准备好如何庆祝单身节了吗?
2019上半年CATTI笔译二级真题汉译英(第二篇)
英国离婚后父亲不准探视 被指“荒谬的骗局”
体坛英语资讯:NBA announces first-of-its-kind strategic partnership with NEX Teams Homecourt application
2019上半年CATTI笔译三级真题(汉译英)
体坛英语资讯:Scaloni to remain Argentina coach until 2022 World Cup: official
想要家庭幸福?生两个女儿吧!
国际英语资讯:ASEAN FMs welcome efforts, progress on COC negotiations
让人嗔目结舌的40幅幽默平面广告(上)
Tim Cook新政:没了乔布斯,苹果驶向何方?
国际英语资讯:UNSC condemns recent terrorist attack in Nigeria
美新手术20秒让眼珠变蓝 从此不用戴美瞳
国际英语资讯:U.S. Fed cuts interest rates for first time since 2008
英国35岁以下女性破产人数飙升
八月出生孩子学习成绩较差 易成问题少年
从外貌判断他对爱情的忠诚
国际英语资讯:Trump lashes out at Fed chief for not signaling long rate-cutting cycle
神舟八号成功发射 万众瞩目期待完美对接
川菜是如何征服全世界吃货的?
不限 |
英语教案 |
英语课件 |
英语试题 |
不限 |
不限 |
上册 |
下册 |
不限 |