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介词“to”的用法总结

发布时间:2016-02-29  编辑:查字典英语网小编

  一:表示相对,针对  be strange  to

  Air is indispensable to life.

  Aircrafts are vulnerable to interference caused by radiation.

  This injection will make you immune to infection

  二:表示对比,比较

  1:以-ior结尾的形容词,后接介词to表示比较,如:superior ,inferior,prior,senior,junior

  The quarrel happened prior to my arrival.

  2:一些本身就含有比较或比拟意思的形容词,如equal,similar,equivalent,analogous

  A is similar to B in many ways.

  3:表示一些先后顺序的形容词,如:second,subsequent,next,preliminary,preparatory

  Subsequent to the war,they returned to their hometown.

  4:to也偶尔出现在个别动词之后,与动词形成固定词组,表示比较,如:prefer to,compare to,in contrast to compare to sth.表示比喻或比拟,而compare with sth.表示比较,如:

  World is usually compared to a stage

  Compared with his past,he has changed a lot.

  Prefer的正确句型是:prefer A to B或prefer doing A to doing B,但当prefer后接动词不定式时,表示比较的介词to就要改成rather than ,如:

  The undaunted soldier preferred death to surrender.

  Many people prefer spending money to earning money.

  They prefer to pursue careers rather than remain home as house wives.

  5:to与及个别的名词构成比较之意,如:alternative

  Going to an under water concert is a great alternative to going to dinner.

  三:表示修饰关系

  1:表示回复,反应意思的词,如:answer to question,

  solution to problem,response to inquiry,reaction to proposal,reply to letter

  2:表示建筑构件的词汇,如: entry,entrance,approach,access,passage,exit,vent,path

  the approach to a bridge引桥

  the approach to science

  Half of the population was estimated to have no access to the health service.

  The access to education 接受教育的机会

  The access to medical care 享受公费医疗的权利

  4: 表示人物职位和官衔的词,如:assistant to manager, ambassador to Spain, successor to  tradition, heir to throne,deputy to the National Peoples Congress

  advisor to the Prime Minister

  5:表示权利和许可的词汇,如:right,admission

  The employee finally got the admission to the boardroom.

  Everyone has an equal right to ..

  6:表示栅栏或障碍的词汇,如:bars to development,the barrier to progress

  7:表示与书籍,文本相关的词,如:introduction to passage.

  8:表示恭喜或是祝贺,如:

  The director proposed a toast to the health of the guests.

  Lets drink to Dicks success in business

  9:另外还有一些名词符合这种用法,有的具有两者息息相关,缺一不可的含义.如:key to door,invitation to party,

  guide to action,limitation to life,accessory to school

  四:to还具有依据,伴随,和着节奏的含义,如:sing to piano, chance to the tune, stamp to the rhythm of the song, add salt to taste

  五:表示趋势或倾向,如:tend to,be prone to,be inclined to,be apt to,be liable to

  Hes liable to seasickness.

  You are liable to come to wrong conclusion.

  六:表示对事情的坚持与执着,如:sick to,hold o,adhere to,cling to

  He still holds on to his original views.

  七:表示约束,局限,如:limit to,confine to,resrict to

  Hes confined to the house by illness.

  He confined his remarks to scientific mangement.

  八:表示一种习惯或是一种适应性,如:get  to,used to,be accustomed to

  Finally,the students got used to my teaching method.

  十:表示起因和原由,如wing to,due to,thanks to,attribute to,come down to

  The flight was cancelled due to the thick fog.

  The famous artist attributed his success to his wife.

  十一:表示目的或结果,如:aim to,lead to,give rise to

  I aim to be an excellent college teacher.

  His conceit lead to his failure.

  These bad condition has given rise to a lot of crises

  十二:表示命运,注定,如:be doomed to,be destined to,

  All military adventures by the two super powers are doomed to fail.

  

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