中考英语语法汇总：完形填空（二）

3．利用逻辑关系解题 利用逻辑关系是完型填空命题设计过程中用得较多的方法之一。解这类题目时需要我们多注意周围生活常识、行文的脉络及句子之间的转承关系。 [例1] The English language has now become an international language because it is widely used by most countries in the world, ____you want to do business with foreigners, you have to learn English, for most of them speak and write English. A．As B．If C．So D．Since 【解析】本段主要讲述英语语言在世界上被广泛地运用，后面一句是举例说明。假如你想跟外国人做生意，你就必须学英文，因为他们大多数人讲英文。两句句子是论点和论据的关系，论据部分用了假设的条件关系。因此，在理清句子之间的脉络之后，很容易知道应选B。 [例2] Western country music describes life. It talks about love, jobs, home and money. It talks about friends and enemies, farms and crops. People in many parts of the world like western country music ___b____ everyone knows something about these ideas. 【解析】我们中国人对于西方乡村音乐还是有所了解的，它描述生活中的一些事情，如爱情，事业，家庭，朋友，农场，庄稼等，人们对乡村音乐耳濡目染。本段的最后一句因与前文存在因果关系，因此填because。 [例3] Sadly, it is very difficult for pandas to live in the world. Here are some of the_______ that pandas may have in the future. If hunters catch a panda, they will kill it for its fur. If farmers cut down trees and forests, pandas will have no place to live in. A. examples B. questions C. matters D. problems 【解析】根据下文people will kill pandas和pandas will have no place to live in可以判断，这都是说明熊猫在将来可能面临的问题。B选项questions只是表达一般的问题。D项最为恰当。 [例4] A month later, Mary hadnt heard from Peter or received any money, __s_____ she phoned him. 【解析】根据上文Mary hadnt heard from Peter和下文she phoned him可以判断两句之间存在着因果关系。因此填so。 4．利用语法和句型解题 这类题目主要考查学生在一定的语境中运用语法知识和识别句型的能力。由于学生对这类选项把握较大，因此这类题型的数量越来越少。 [例1] The earth is our home. We must take care of it. Life today is easier than it was________ years ago, but it has brought some new problems. A. hundred B. hundreds of C. hundred of D. hundreds 【解析】答案为B。此句主要考查数词的用法。表示具体几百时，应是some hundred；表示成百上千时，则是hundreds of。 [例2] Every day, standing at my information desk, I have to answer a lot of questions of the travelers coming from all ___o__ the world. 【解析】答案为over。all over the world是一个最为常见的固定搭配。 [例3] Grandma Yang lives alone in our neighborhood. Her husband has been dead for eight years. Her only son lives and works in Britain. He asked her mother to go to Britain so that he can look ________her. But Grandma Yang wont go. A. for B. around C. after D. care 【解析】look for意为寻找；look around意为向四周看；look after意为照顾。根据上文He asked her mother to go to Britain这一提示我们可以知道儿子为了是照顾妈妈，所以选C。 [例4] April Fools Day is on April l. People can play ___j____ on others on this special day. If you succeed, you usually laugh and say, April Fool! 【解析】根据文章意思，在4月1日愚人节这天，人们经常相互开玩笑。从语法角度看，play jokes on sb.是固定词组。所以答案是jokes。 [例5] Around the world, people have different ideas about what good manners are. When you go to restaurants in different parts of the world, its important to know the right and wrong things to do. For example, in China its OK to ____1____ a lot of noise in a restaurant. In fact, if a restaurant isnt noisy and ____2____ ,you may think theres something wrong with it. However, in many western countries, restaurants are quiet places. If a table is too loud, other people who are eating there might even ____3____ to the owner of the restaurant. Paving the bill is also different from country to country. In China, one person usually pays for ____4____ ．In western countries, one person pays if he or she is entertaining clients（宴请宾客）, but ____5____ friends eat together, they usually share the cost. This is called going Dutch（均摊费用）．Also, when westerners pay the bill, they usually leave some money for the waiter. This is called leaving a tip. Leaving a tip is thought to be polite. In the US, its ____6____ to leave tips of 10%, 15%, or 20% of the bill, which is decided by how good the service is, Good waiters can make a lot of money! The way people eat food is different in the world, but you can ____7_____ the same kinds of food in many countries. Chinese and Italian food, for example, is popular all over the world. 1. A. cause B. keep C. hear D. make 2. A. lively B. friendly C. lucky D. polite 3. A. shout B. explain C. complain D. peak 4. A. everybody B. nobody C. somebody D. none 5. A. until B. when C. unless D. since 6. A. terrible B. common C. serious D. unusual 7. A. invent B. discover C. prefer D. find 【解析】第一格选D，在不同国家有不同风俗习惯，根据我国特有的风俗习惯在餐厅都是吵吵闹闹的。make a noise是固定搭配。 第二格选A，事实上，如果在中国的餐厅不热闹那就意味着出事情了。lively也是表达活跃的气氛，而BCD三个意思都不对。 第三格选C，根据上文论据in many western countries, restaurant are quiet places.和下文论点If a table is too loud（如果餐厅吵闹），可以推断出客人甚至可以向店主投诉。 第四格选A，按照中国风俗习惯在付费方面与西方人也不一样，中国人常常一个人付所有人的钱。 第五格选B，这里讲述西方人在情况下一个人付所有人的钱，在情况下，他们是AA制。这里句子之间存在状语从句关系。因此，选B。 第六格选B，强调西方人付小费是比较常见的风俗习惯。unusual表达特殊的习惯。 第七格选D，虽然吃饭的风俗习惯不同，但是在不同国家却能找到相同的食物。 [例6] People often think Dimetrodon is a dinosaur(恐龙),but it was in fact _n_(1)_____ a dinosaur at all. It was one of the reptiles（爬虫动物）on Earth during the _l_(2)_____ Permian（二叠纪）period. It was a large reptile. It lived in swampy（沼泽的） areas and had a very funny _ f_(3)_____ ---a large sail(脊鳍)on its back. Dimetrodon was a (4) to warm up in the morning and cool off _q_(5)____ during the day with the help of its sail. Its easy to distinguish（区分）a Dimetrodon _ f_(6)______ a dinosaur. Dimetrodons legs were on the side of its body while dinosaurs had their legs under their bodies. It probably ran very fast _a_(7)____ it was very heavy. 【解析】 第一格填not。根据前半句人们经常认为是一种恐龙，但事实上它并不是，but表达转折与前句的否定。 第二格填late。表达时间是很清楚的，这种动物在二叠纪时期的后期出现，所给首字母是l，而不是e。如果是早期出现，那么应填early。 第三格填feather。本题所缺词性为名词，讲这种爬行动物的后背有一个大的脊鳍，这是讲它的特征。 第四、第五格分别填able和quickly。表达这种动物的脊鳍的作用：可以早上暖和，白天又很快地冷却。Be able to是固定搭配。 第六格填from。从语法角度看，distinguish只能与from搭配。 第七格填although。上句It probably ran very fast和下句it was very heavy.推断两句为转折承让关系。因此填although。