外部相关因素是指篇章以外的其他知识。有时仅靠分析篇章内在逻辑关系无法猜出词义。这时,就需要运用生活经验和普通常识确定词义。例如:
Husband:its really cold out tonight.Wife: Sure it is. My hands are practically numb.How about lighting the furnace?
根据生活经验,天气寒冷时,手肯定是冻僵的,冻得麻木的。
在猜测词义过程中,除了使用上面提到的一些技巧,我们还可以依靠构词方面的知识,从生词本身猜测词义。
1.根据复合词的各部分猜测词义例如:
Growing economic problems were highlighted by a slowdown in oil output.Hightlight或许是一个生词,但是分析该词结构后,就能推测出其含义。它是由high和light两部分组成,合在一起便是以强光照射,使突出的意思。
Bullfight is very popular in Spain.Bull和fight结合在一起,指一种在西班牙颇为流行的体育运动---斗牛。
2.根据前缀猜测词义例如:
He fell into a ditch and lay there, semiconscious, for a few minutes。根据词根conscious,结合前缀semi,我们便可猜出semiconscious 词义半清醒的,半昏迷的。
Im illiterate about such things。词根literate意为有文化修养的,通晓的,前缀il表示否定,因此illiterate指一窍不通,不知道的。
3.根据后缀猜测词义例如:
Insecticide is applied where it is needed。后缀cide表示杀者,杀灭剂,结合大家熟悉的词根insect,不难猜出insecticide意为杀虫剂。
Young people deserve more understanding
英语六级预测:富裕是人生的唯一目标?
Fair shake
Railway staff lend a real helping hand
温总理政府工作报告热点词语英译欣赏(一)
Student of the game
High time to alter income distribution
Digital Robin Hoods?
Tilt the profit balance in farmers' favor
Overplay his hand?
'No day but today'
Just in jest
Cannot have too many?
Saving grace
Slow season
Shoot from the hip
英语六级预测:网络言论
Take no prisoners的意思
In the same league?
Life in the fast lane的意思
Rise of wages for migrant workers a must
英语五人情景剧:迷失的青春
Youngsters lord it over not in China but in the West
Rock bottom?
At a premium
Loose cannon
Unqualified colleges must be shut down
Spare tourists from excessive guides
An elderly woman with two large pots
On the ropes?
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