外部相关因素是指篇章以外的其他知识。有时仅靠分析篇章内在逻辑关系无法猜出词义。这时,就需要运用生活经验和普通常识确定词义。例如:
Husband:its really cold out tonight.Wife: Sure it is. My hands are practically numb.How about lighting the furnace?
根据生活经验,天气寒冷时,手肯定是冻僵的,冻得麻木的。
在猜测词义过程中,除了使用上面提到的一些技巧,我们还可以依靠构词方面的知识,从生词本身猜测词义。
1.根据复合词的各部分猜测词义例如:
Growing economic problems were highlighted by a slowdown in oil output.Hightlight或许是一个生词,但是分析该词结构后,就能推测出其含义。它是由high和light两部分组成,合在一起便是以强光照射,使突出的意思。
Bullfight is very popular in Spain.Bull和fight结合在一起,指一种在西班牙颇为流行的体育运动---斗牛。
2.根据前缀猜测词义例如:
He fell into a ditch and lay there, semiconscious, for a few minutes。根据词根conscious,结合前缀semi,我们便可猜出semiconscious 词义半清醒的,半昏迷的。
Im illiterate about such things。词根literate意为有文化修养的,通晓的,前缀il表示否定,因此illiterate指一窍不通,不知道的。
3.根据后缀猜测词义例如:
Insecticide is applied where it is needed。后缀cide表示杀者,杀灭剂,结合大家熟悉的词根insect,不难猜出insecticide意为杀虫剂。
我与书
国内英语资讯:Chinas top legislature adopts law on safeguarding national security in Hong Kong, adds it
国际英语资讯:Turkey vows to maintain peace, security in Syria
家乡的小河
Russia Got Many Troubles 俄罗斯麻烦不断
国内英语资讯:Chinese foreign minister calls on China, Russia, India to work together
体坛英语资讯:FIFA to select host for 2023 Womens World Cup next month
国内英语资讯:Xi stresses breaking new ground amid changes through reform
研究:男性患新冠肺炎后产生更多抗体
国际英语资讯:New study says U.S. official tallies likely undercount deaths due to COVID-19
体坛英语资讯:Peru boss Gareca urges swift return for football
国际英语资讯:Istanbul accounts for 54 pct of new coronavirus cases in Turkey: health minister
体坛英语资讯:Ex-Uruguay defender Pereira seeking Sao Paulo return
“六一”儿童节
我的理想
快乐的秋假
哈勃望远镜传回新照片,见证恒星死亡时的灿烂画面
国际英语资讯:U.S. special envoy holds talks with Pakistani FM on Afghan peace process
国内英语资讯:State councilor stresses flood control efforts in Yangtze River basin
国内英语资讯:Xi Focus: Xi stresses better implementation of CPCs organizational line
体坛英语资讯:Premier League confirms six positive coronavirus tests from three clubs
体坛英语资讯:Tapia re-elected president of Argentinian FA
国际英语资讯:Spotlight: COVID-19 cases could go up to 100,000 per day in U.S., Fauci warns
做鸟窝
二十年后的拖把
国际英语资讯:U.S. shut out in EU list of countries approved for entry
第一次坐飞机
国际英语资讯:ASEAN, Australia vow to work with WHO to enhance collective response to COVID-19
国内英语资讯:Vice premier stresses epidemic prevention in college entrance exam
苹果的市值已经超过多家石油巨头的总和
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