有哲人说过,成功者的必备素质包含眼光,果敢和取舍的智慧。而在雅思考试中,笔者认为烤鸭你的眼光在于快速定位,果敢体现在正确做出判断,而最后对不确定题目的大胆猜测正是取舍之间彰显智慧。但猜测有风险,所以本讲我们继续对FALSE的判断依据的学习,希望籍此合理控制风险,取得最大收益。
记得上一讲我们详述了FALSE的前两种判断依据:原文直接相反和去除并列条件,本讲我们继续。
FALSE的第三种情况:原文和题目中使用了表示不同范围、频率、可能性的副词。
请大家先看范例:
原文:Without a qualification from a reputable school or
university, it is unlikely to find a good job。
题目: It is impossible to get a good job without a
qualification from a respected institution。
解答:FALSE 原文和题目都出现了qualification,而a reputable school和a respected institution都指名校,所以考点必然在表示程度的副词上。
原文中有unlikely,强调是不太可能。题目中有impossible,强调是完全不可能。所以答案应为FALSE。
以下情况都可归纳为副词使用的不一致:原文中使用many、sometimes及unlikely等词。而相应的题目中使用all、usually及always。
FALSE的第四种情况:原文为人们对于某样事物的理论或感觉,题目则上升为客观事实或已被证明的理论。即由理论拔高到事实。
原文:Another theory is that worldwide temperature
increases are melting polar ice caps。
题目:It is a fact that the melting of ice caps in both south
and north poles are worsened by worldwide increase in temperature。
解答:FALSE 对于同一件事,极地冰帽的融化原文中是theory,强调是理论,而题目中为fact,强调是事实。所以答案应为FALSE。
除了theory到fact的错误表达,在该种FALSE的情况下还会出现的语法结构有:原文为data are absent或evidence is missing,题目为it is well-documented that。换汤不换药,请大家慧眼识别。
FALSE的第五种情况:原文中包含条件状语,如if、unless或if not, 或使用介词短语来表示条件状语如but for或except for。题目中断然去掉了这些表示条件状语的成份。
原文:The Internet has often been criticized by the
international society as a newly-emerging dangerous tool in the hands of terrorists。
题目:The international society has often criticized the
Internet because it is not safe。
解答:FALSE 比较原文和题目,都提到Internet因为危险被国际社会所抨击。但是原文中有表示条件状语的介词短语in the hands of terrorists,在题目中被去掉了。所以答案应为 FALSE。
FALSE的所有5种情况我们就介绍到这里为止。阿甘把生活比作什锦巧克力,说过,life is like a box of chocolate, you never know what youre going to get。但朗阁海外考试研究中心《每天三小时冲刺雅思》丛书阅读卷的笔者觉得烤鸭们应理解为If you take the sweetness first, one day you would be bitter from the sweet。苦口良药。希望大家对学习持之以恒。
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