解析雅思阅读中的词汇替换

　　在雅思考试备考中我们不难发现，雅思阅读中一篇好的文章用词丰富、句式多变。雅思阅读的文章均摘自西方报刊杂志，属于原汁原味的外文资料，自然也会遵循着以上规律，所以雅思阅读中对词汇的考查万变不离其宗，无非是对同义词、反义词、同根词进行考核。

　　雅思阅读词汇换用例一：

　　原文：　In Europe, the obstacle has been conservative local authorities and developers who prefer to ensure quick sales with conventional mass-produced housing.

　　题目：Many developers prefer mass-produced houses because they...

　　答案：sell quickly

　　解析：原文和题目中的句意关键词developer, prefer 均相同，但 housing 换成了 houses, 即同根词的代换。 they 指代 houses， 又因为 because 应该引导从句，所以答案为动词短语。 quick sales 对应的动词短语为上述答案， 也就是说答案也是根据同根词替换而来的。

　　雅思阅读词汇换用例二：

　　原文：While this includes complex kingdoms, as in Africa, and ancient empires, such as those of the Americas, the primary focus of attention in the twentieth century has been on small-scale societies.

　　题目：The twentieth-century collections come mainly from mainstream societies such as the US and Europe.

　　答案：FALSE

　　解析：原文与题目对比出现了一组反义代换词 small-scale societies 和 mainstream societies.

　　雅思阅读词汇换用例三：

　　原文：Countries all over the world are actively promoting their wilderness regions to high-spending tourists. The attraction of these regions is obvious: by definition, wilderness tourism requires litter or no initial investment.

　　题目：The low cost of setting wilderness tourism makes it attractive to many countries.

　　答案：TRUE

　　解析：low cost=little or no initial investment; attractive 为 attraction的同根词代换。