词的转换是雅思阅读中最重要的出题方式,也是大家拿到雅思高分所必须具备的一种技能。那么单词有哪些形式可以转换,究竟怎样进行词的转换呢?下面雅思就为大家就这一问题进行解答。
词的转换一般指的是只涉及单个单词的转换。单个单词的转换包括词性转换及同义词转换。
词性转换在雅思阅读中是比较容易的一种,考生即便遇见不认识的单词,也可以通过词根词缀进行猜测。
如剑6中原文出现diabetes,考生并不熟悉糖尿病这个词汇,但是题目中使用的是diabetic。相信考生在定位的过程中遇见这样的转换不会出现太大的定位困难。
在Summary题型中,仍然以细节为主,词性的转换在解题的过程中常常是一个考察的主要技能。
如,原文:Beyond this, it is also of paramount importance to recognize and understand the conventions of discourse structure, both generally and within specific subject areas.
题目要求:Complete the summary below by choosing a maximum of two words from the above paragraph to fill the spaces.
题目:To extract meaning quickly are effectively, it is also important to recognize conventional ___________ and the importance of the topic sentence and discourse markers.
这个Summary题目中的空格前的conventional 和原文当中的conventions既是一对典型的词性转换形式。考生即使对于conventional这个词不熟悉也可以根据词性转换的原则定位到原文相关的地方,对应到相应的答案the conventions of discourse structure。根据题目要求,答案的词数限定为两个词,因此答案为discourse structure。
词的转换在雅思阅读中的另外一种形式就是同义词转换。这种题型出现就很考察一个考生的词汇量了。考生如果原文或题目中有任何一个词不明白意思的话,都很有可能造成定位不到的情况或者出现理解上的误差。
原文:Understandings of word order, and the significance of changes in word order, are vital. The anticipation and recognition of common, acceptable and essential collocations clearly help the process of extracting information and meaning.
题目要求:Complete the summary below by choosing a maximum of two words from the above paragraph to fill the spaces.
题目: Word order is very important in predicting and __________ the most usual combinations.
空格要填的内容是并列结构中的一部分。考生在原文中定位到这一句的主题Word order之后,只要找到并列结构中的predicting就很容易筛选出相关答案。但是动词的活跃性比较高。Predicting这个词在原文当中已经进行了同义词转换,变成了anticipation。这个情况下,考生如果不熟悉anticipation的意思,将会比较难得出正确的答案recognizing。另外这一题的空后也涉及到了一个同义词转换,combination和原文的collocation。考生在备考过程中如果做错了这样的题目,应该注意同义词的积累。
综上所述,词的转换在雅思阅读中所占的比重非常大,大家想要拿到雅思阅读高分,就必须要对单词的各种转换形式都有所了解,才能在考试中得心应手。
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