看过电影《守望者》的朋友都知道“末日时钟”这个东西。或许很多人不知道,这个末日时钟真的存在。《原子科学家公报》26日宣布,“末日时钟”距离午夜三分钟仍保持不变。

Lawrence Krauss unveils the "Doomsday Clock" Tuesday, showing that the world is now three minutes away from catastrophe.[Photo:Agencies]
Lawrence Krauss unveils the "Doomsday Clock" Tuesday, showing that the world is now three minutes away from catastrophe.
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The minute hand of the Doomsday Clock, designed to give the world an easy way to gauge the likelihood that our species will destroy itself, will remain at three minutes to midnight, the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists said Tuesday.
《原子科学家公报》26日表示,“末日时钟”的分针将保持在距离午夜三分钟的位置。“末日时钟”设计的初衷是为了让世人以简单直观的方式来估算人类灭绝的可能性。
末日时钟(Doomsday Clock)是一虚构的象征性钟面(symbolic clock face),由芝加哥大学的《原子科学家公报》(Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists)杂志于1947年设立,时刻警示着世界距离毁灭的远近。时钟上的午夜零时象征世界灾难(global catastrophe)或世界末日(doomsday)。时钟指针所指时间距离午夜零点的远近,象征世界面临毁灭性灾难的风险大小。
末日时钟自设立以来,已经公认为是世界面对大灾难,比如核战争(nuclear war)、气候变化(climate change)等的指示器。时钟最初设立的时间定在23时53分。截止目前,末日时钟已调整了22次,最近一次调整是在2015年1月22日,末日时钟被拨快了2分钟,距离象征世界灾难末日的午夜时分仅剩3分钟,这也意味着人类面临的生存威胁上升到冷战结束后的最高水平(the closest it has been to midnight since the height of the Cold War in 1983)。
26日,《原子科学家公报》表示,末日时钟仍保持距离午夜三分钟不变。科学家们表示,这并不是一个好消息(That decision is not good news)。虽然达成了伊朗核协议(Iran nuclear deal),巴黎气候大会也取得重大进展,但是全球气候变暖(global warming)、恐怖主义(terrorism)、美国和俄罗斯之间核问题紧张(nuclear tensions between the U.S. and Russia)、印度和巴基斯坦间局势高度紧张(high tensions between Pakistan and India)、朝鲜半岛危机等仍是引发动荡不安的因素,世界仍面临严峻挑战(formidable challenges)。
科学家们呼吁,为了改变目前的局势,让“末日时钟”往回走(help the clock move back),世界各国领导人应减少核武器现代化计划的开支(reduce proposed spending on nuclear-weapons-modernization programs),与朝鲜进行协商,和平解决半岛问题,处理核废物(nuclear waste),减少温室气体的排放(reduce greenhouse-gas emissions)。
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