英语语法中的分词

　　英语语法中的分词有现在分词和过去分词两种：

　　现在分词

　　1) 一般式：主动语态：doing ，被动语态：being + 动词过去分词(表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生)

　　2) 完成式：主动语态：having +动词过去分词，被动语态：having been +动词过去分词 (表示动作或状态在谓语动词的动作或状

　　态之前就发生)

　　3) 动名词的否定形式：not + 动名词(v-ing) No understanding the meaning of the words， he couldn't explain the sentence .

　　4) 用法：

　　A. 作表语。The result is surprising .

　　B. 作定语。Developing country (主谓关系) sleeping boy (boy 所做的动作)

　　C. 作状语。Passing by the house， he saw a girl playing the piano . = when he was passing by the house ， he saw a girl playing the piano .

　　D. 作宾补。I found him lying on the grass.

　　过去分词

　　1) 形式：规则动词+ed，和不规则动词的过去分词。

　　2)过去分词的否定形式：not + 动词过去分词。

　　3) 用法：

　　A. 作表语：My bike is broken . He is very worried .

　　B. 作定语：developed country， fallen leaves， spoken English .

　　C. 作状语：Asked why he was absent， he said he was ill . = When he was asked why he was absent， he said he was ill .

　　D. 作宾补：You had better have your shoes mended . I had my hair cut yesterday .