army与troop的区别是什么?两者都可表示“军队、“部队:
1. army 着重指军队的整体,而 troop(通常用复数形式 troops)则着重指构成军队的士兵成员。如:
The troops forced an entrance into the town. 部队强行进入这市镇。
The Chinese People’s Liberation Army was founded on August 1927. 中国人民解放军建立于 1927 年 8 月 1 日。
由于 army 侧重指军队的整体,所以汉语中的“参军等在英语中应用 army。如:
join [go into] the army 参军 leave the army 退伍
2. army 在与 navy(海军),air force(空军) 并列时,特指“陆军。如:
We must build up a modern army,navy and air force. 我们必须建设一支现代化的陆、海、空军。
注:army 还可指军队建制里“师以上的“军。比较:
army 军
division 师
brigade 旅
regiment 团
battalion 营
company 连
platoon 排
squad 班
3. 由于 troops 侧重指构成军队的士兵成员,所以像汉语的“驻军、“撤军、“派兵等,英语通常用 troops。如:
He decided to send troops to the front. 他决定派兵上前线。
The troops are assembling. 部队集合。
He ordered to withdraw the troops. 他命令撤军。
虽然 troops 侧重指构成军队的士兵成员,但并不指个别士兵,因此它一般不与数字(尤其是较小的数字)连用。比如:“两个士兵一般不说 two troops,而说 two soldiers。不过 troops 有时可与较大的数词连用,如可说:
Forty-four troops were killed. 44 名士兵阵亡。
a hundred troops 100 个士兵(www.yygrammar.com)
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