调查：6月份，美国有自杀倾向的成年人同比增加一倍

伴随疫情而来的失业、停学、隔离让美国人倍感焦虑和抑郁。美国疾病控制与预防中心的调查发现，六月份认真考虑自杀的美国成年人数量比去年同期增加了一倍，其中多达四分之一的年轻人有自杀倾向。

In a recent panel survey of more than 5,400 people, nearly 11% of United States adults reported seriously contemplating suicide in June. That is nearly double the percentage who did so last summer, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention stated.

美国疾病控制与预防中心指出，最近一次涵盖了逾5400人的样本调查发现，近11%的美国成年人报告称在六月份认真考虑过自杀，相比去年夏天几乎翻了一番。

According to a report released Thursday, the CDC asked 5,412 participants in a survey if they seriously considered suicide in the 30 days preceding the survey performed the last week of June. The findings revealed that 10.7% of Americans reported contemplating suicide compared to 4.3% who reported the same thing throughout 2018. The study also found that 40% of Americans reported some form of mental health issue or substance abuse related to the coronavirus pandemic.

根据8月13日发布的一份报告，美国疾病控制与预防中心在六月份的最后一周开展的调查中询问5412名参与者在调查前的30天内是否认真考虑过自杀。结果发现有10.7%的美国人报告称考虑过自杀，相比之下，2018全年有4.3%的人考虑过自杀。研究还发现，40%的美国人报告称受疫情影响自己出现了某种心理健康或药物滥用问题。

The percentages were far higher in certain groups, including essential workers and ethnic and racial minorities. The study found that the groups with the highest rates of suicide ideation were unpaid caregivers for adults, citing 30% who contemplated it in June. The other group highly affected was the 18- to 24 age group with 25% reporting having those thoughts.

在某些人群中这一比例要高得多，包括必须在岗的劳动人员和少数族裔人口。研究发现，自杀意念率最高的是没有报酬的成年人护工，有30%曾在六月考虑过自杀。自杀倾向高的另一个人群是18岁到24岁的年轻人，有25%报告称考虑过自杀。

Ethnic and racial minority groups were found to be disproportionately affected as well. The report said 15.1% of Black and 18.6% of Hispanic Americans reported seriously thinking about suicide in June.

调查发现，少数族裔人群的自杀倾向也偏高。报告称，15.1%的黑人和18.6%的西班牙裔美国人报告称在六月份认真考虑过自杀。

Besides an increase in suicide ideation, the study found that there was also an increase in symptoms of depression and anxiety. The rate of depression symptoms quadrupled in number and anxiety tripled compared to the second quarter of 2019.

除了自杀意念上升外，研究还发现，抑郁和焦虑的症状也增加了。出现抑郁症状的人数相比2019年第二季度翻了两番，出现焦虑症状的人数则增至三倍。

About 13% of those surveyed said they increased or started using substances to cope with stress during June.

约13%的受访者称，他们在六月份开始使用药物来应对压力或增加了药量。

The authors of the report stated factors need to be investigated such as social isolation, unemployment and financial concerns, lack of school structure, and forms of violence, to see how they serve as additional stressors. The report pointed out that the increased percentages of these mental and behavioral health effects highlights the impact this pandemic has on the population. The study authors stated the report also helped with “identification of populations at increased risk for psychological distress and unhealthy coping." It suggested expanded use of telehealth to provide services to those in need.

这份报告的作者指出还需要调查一些作为附加压力来源的因素是如何发挥作用的，比如社交隔离、失业和经济困难、学校常规教学模式缺失以及不同形式的暴力。报告指出，心理和行为健康问题的比例增加凸显了疫情对人们的影响。作者们指出，这份报告还有助于“识别心理压力和不健康应对方式风险增加的人群”。研究建议扩大远程医疗的应用，为那些需要的人提供服务。