虽然有5度的倾斜度,但58米高的比萨斜塔自1280年以来经历至少4次大地震,为何还能屹立不倒?科学家最近给出了答案。
New research has revealed how the iconic Leaning Tower of Pisa has managed to stay standing – and intact – in the face of four strong earthquakes and a precarious lean of five degrees.
意大利的标志性建筑比萨斜塔有5度的倾斜度,而且还历经4次大地震,却依然屹立不倒,完好无损,最新的研究揭开了这个谜底。
The vulnerability of the Unesco World Heritage Site has mystified engineers and scientists for millennia. Moderate seismic activity was expected to significantly damage the 58m tall Tower, or even result in collapse but, incredibly, this has not happened.
比萨斜塔高58米,被评为联合国教科文组织世界遗产。一千年来,比萨斜塔的脆弱性一直令工程师和科学家们困惑不已。按说,中度地震活动应该就能导致它严重受损甚至倒塌,但现实中这样的情形并未发生,令人不可思议。
A research group of 16 engineers at the University of Bristol has now discovered that the considerable height and stiffness of the Tower, combined with the softness of the foundation soil, ensure it doesn’t resonate with earthquake ground motion.
英国布里斯托尔大学一个由16名工程师组成的研究小组如今发现,比萨斜塔如此的高度及其坚硬的建筑材料与松软的地基土壤结合在一起,使它不会与地震发生时的地表活动产生共振。
This phenomenon is known as dynamic soil-structure interaction (DSSI) and the Tower now holds the auspicious title of world record holder in DSSI effects.
这种现象被称为“土壤-建筑结构”动态相互作用(DSSI),幸运的是,比萨斜塔现在是DSSI效应的世界纪录保持者。
“Ironically, the very same soil that caused the leaning instability and brought the Tower to the verge of collapse, can be credited for helping it survive these seismic events,” said Professor Mylonakis, head of the Earthquake and Geotechnical Engineering Research Group at the University of Bristol.
布里斯托尔大学地震与岩土工程研究小组负责人米洛纳基教授说:“有意思的是,导致斜塔倾斜不稳、几乎要倒的土壤也是帮助它挺过这些地震活动的功臣。”
The Tower continues to attract visitors keen to marvel at this remarkable architectural feat. Construction on the Tower began in 1173 and continued for about 200 years due to the onset of a series of wars.
比萨斜塔一直吸引着大量游客前来,人们惊叹其卓越的建筑成就。比萨斜塔始建于1173年,由于多次战争来袭,建筑时间持续了大约200年。
Multiple efforts to maintain the historic structure have occurred over the years. In the 1920s, the foundations were injected with cement grouting with the intention of stabilising the Tower, while in 1990, a decision was made to completely close the site to visitors due to fears it was at risk of toppling.
多年以来,人们为维护这一历史建筑做出多次努力。在上世纪20年代,人们在其地基中注入了水泥灌浆,以稳定塔身。在1990年,由于担心会倒塌,相关部门还决定将比萨斜塔完全对游客关闭。
It was the first time the Tower had been closed in 800 years. It reopened again in 2001 and remains one of Italy’s most popular tourist attractions.
这是比萨斜塔近800年来首次对游客关闭。比萨斜塔在2001年重新开放,仍是意大利最著名的旅游景点之一。
英语美文30篇系列之21
英语名篇名段背诵精华22
浪漫英文情书精选:I'm So Sorry, Baby对不起宝贝
英语名篇名段背诵精华27
英语晨读:思考生活
精选英语美文阅读:生活的涟漪
英语标准美文85
英语美文:一双丝袜(有声)
英语晨读:潘多拉
英语美文:生命这个奇迹
精选英语美文阅读:How selfless real love is 无私的爱
精选英语美文阅读:山居秋暝
“母亲”这个伟大的职业(双语)
英语美文:红色 Red (双语)
英语晨读:忘忧树
精选英语美文阅读:被忽略的爱 Helpless love
英语美文:有良师乃人生之幸(双语)
精选英语美文阅读:饶孟侃《呼唤》
精选英语美文阅读:别让蜡烛熄灭
精选英语美文阅读:爱会伴随着度过一生
26个英文字母蕴含的人生哲理
浪漫英文情书精选:Could This Be Real?这是真的吗?
精美散文:守护自己的天使
英语美文:越长大越孤独(双语)
双语阅读:回家的感觉真好
生命可以是一座玫瑰花园
双语:给你逃离“舒适区”的六个理由
精美散文:让我们撩起生命的波纹
浪漫英文情书精选:My Everything我的一切
伤感美文:人生若只如初见
不限 |
英语教案 |
英语课件 |
英语试题 |
不限 |
不限 |
上册 |
下册 |
不限 |