坐立两用桌是否真的那么神奇?

They're good for some things, but researchers say they're not the magic bullet solution for health that many would like them to be.

坐立两用桌对某些方面有好处，但研究人员称，它们不像许多人所期望的那样对健康有奇效。

Remember when everyone was talking about standing desks? They were hailed as a calorie burner, a cure for obesity, an instant energizer. Now that many office workers have had a few years to use them, there is more evidence available as to whether they're really so fantastic – or not.

还记得那时候大家都对这种站立式办公桌津津乐道吗？当时据称这种桌子能燃烧卡路里、治疗肥胖症，还能瞬间激发活力。如今不少白领都用了几年，关于这种桌子是否真的这么神奇也就有据可查了。

Researchers from Tufts University's Office Ergonomics Committee conducted a review of 53 studies that have been done on sit-stand desks – specifically, those that are designed to change heights. They analyzed the desks' effects on six categories: behavior (e.g. time spent sitting and standing), physiological, work performance, psychological, discomfort, and posture.

来自塔夫茨大学办公室人体工程学委员会的研究人员对53项坐立两用桌相关研究进行了回顾，尤其是那些可升降办公桌的相关研究。他们从6大类分析了桌子的效果：行为（比如坐和站的时间）、生理、工作表现、心理、不适和姿势。

What they found is that sit-stand desks are most effective at relieving physical discomfort. study co-author April Chambers, a bioengineering professor at the University of Pittsburgh, told cnn, "We saw consistently across the studies an improvement in discomfort and pain as people use the desks. And this was found not only in people who, for example, experienced low back pain, but also in adults with obesity and in healthy populations as well."

研究人员发现，坐立两用桌最大的用途就是缓解身体的不适。该研究的合著者、匹兹堡大学的生物工程学教授艾普利尔·钱伯斯告诉美国有线电视资讯网说：“各项研究均显示，人们使用这种桌子可以缓解不适和疼痛。不但对腰疼的人有效，对肥胖成人和健康人群也有效。

Sit-stand desks performed ambiguously when it came to boosting attentiveness and productivity. Chambers said, "They don't make you more alert, but they don't make you less alert", and they don't have "any negative effects on work performance." In terms of physical health, no improvements to blood pressure were detected, nor weight loss through standing.

至于坐立两用桌能否提高注意力和工作效率，效果存疑。钱伯斯说：“这种桌子不会让你更警觉，但也不会让你的敏锐度降低。”而且，坐立两用桌不会“对工作表现产生任何负面影响”。在身体健康方面，没有察觉到这种桌子能改善血压或通过站立来减肥。

Where sit-stand desks excel is in encouraging a user to move, because that's what the human body really needs. Whether it's shifting from foot to foot while standing or changing between sit-stand positions throughout the day, it's important to avoid being still and sedentary for prolonged periods of time. The researchers offer the following advice for using sit-stand desks most effectively:

坐立两用桌的优势在于，它鼓励使用者动起来，因为这正是人体所需要的。无论是在站立时将重心从一只脚换到另一只脚，还是在一天当中交替着坐和站，避免长时间地静止不动是很重要的。研究人员提出了以下建议，帮助人们最有效地使用坐立两用桌：

1. Change positions frequently. Make a point of switching between sitting and standing every half hour.

频繁地变换姿势。每半个小时坐站轮换。

2. Use good posture. Stand with legs under hips or sit with knees at a 90-degree angle for optimal posture.

采用良好的姿势。站立时双腿挺直，最佳的坐姿是把膝盖弯曲成90度。

3. Use an anti-fatigue mat under your feet. This can reduce lower back and leg pain.

在脚下放置抗疲劳垫。这可以减轻背疼和腿疼。

4. Stand after eating lunch. It encourages you to move a bit more, which will help with digestion and burning calories.

吃完午饭后站立。这会鼓励你多动一点，有助于消化和燃烧卡路里。

5. Incorporate walking into your day. Take a break from the desk altogether during phone calls or meetings, if you can.

走一走。如果可以的话，打电话或开会时离开桌子。