英国内政部警告：中产专业人才外流

Middle class professionals make up a large and increasing proportion of British citizens moving abroad, risking a skills shortage in the UK, a Home Office report has warned.

英国内政部(Home Office)警告称，在移居海外的英国公民中，中产专业人士占比很高，且这个比例呈不断升高趋势，这一局面可能会导致英国本土专业技术人才短缺。

Almost half of all British emigrants in 2010 were previously in professional or managerial roles and most of those move abroad to take up a definite job for four years or more. Some 48 per cent of British emigrants were professionals in 2010, compared with 37 per cent in 1991.

在2010年移居海外的英国公民当中，将近一半的人之前担任专业技术或者管理职位，大多数人已明确了在移民之后四年或更多时间里将要从事的工作。具体来说，专业人士在2010年英国对外移民中所占的比例约为48%，而1991年这一比例只有37%。

The report, published on Tuesday, said the rising proportion of professionals leaving the UK could have “implications for the availability of skills.

这份周二发布的报告称，离开英国的专业人士比例不断上升，可能“对英国本土技术人才的供给状况产生影响。

The government’s cap on the number of migrants has been criticised by business, which says it restricts companies’ ability to hire foreign skilled professionals to work in the UK.

英国政府对外来移民人数的限制一直受到商界诟病，后者认为这妨碍了英国本土企业雇用外国专业技能人士为自己工作。

Last week, Lord O’Donnell, the former head of the civil service, urged the UK government to stop “shooting itself in the foot and change its immigration policy to boost economic growth.

上周，英国前内政大臣奥唐奈勋爵(Lord O'Donnell)催促英国政府停止“伤害自己的做法，改变移民政策以推动经济增长。

Over the 2000s, the number of professionals emigrating rose as intra-company transfers increased as a way to advance career prospects.

在本世纪初的十年，由于更多人通过企业内部不同地域间的调动来获得升迁机会，移居海外的英国专业人士在不断增加。

“The traditional ‘expat’ is being replaced by the ‘nomadic’ worker, the report said, adding that this also had consequences for the inward flow of foreign skilled workers to the UK.

报告称：“传统的‘外派员工’正在被‘游牧式’员工所取代。报告还补充道，这一趋势也对外国技术人才流入英国产生影响。

British citizens leaving for a definite job were most likely to go to Australia, the USA and Spain. One in seven British emigrants said they would stay abroad for the “favourable cost of living and the report said most appeared to be making a “lifestyle choice rather than moving mainly for work.

英国公民赴海外从事明确工作的主要目的地是澳大利亚、美国和西班牙。在移居海外的英国公民中，有七分之一的人表示他们居留海外是为了享受“低廉的生活成本，而报告则显示他们中多数人之所以移民，似乎是出于“对生活方式的选择而并非主要为了工作。

The number of British citizens going abroad to study has remained constant at about 5,000 to 10,000 a year, even as the number of people going to university rose.

虽然英国上大学的总人数在增加，但英国人每年赴海外求学的人数一直稳定在5000到1万人。

But the report said the recent rise in university fees to a maximum of ￡9,000 a year “may lead more British citizens to go abroad for study in the future.

但报告称，国内大学学费最近涨至每年最高9千英镑，“可能会导致更多英国公民将来赴海外求学。

The Home Office said there appeared to be an “inverse association between British emigration and unemployment that might seem “counterintuitive.

内政部还表示，英国公民移居海外的人数与失业率之间呈现出了似乎“有违直觉的“负相关性。

As UK unemployment rises, fewer British people emigrate, perhaps because they cannot fund a move or because there are simultaneous downturns in the destinations they tend to go to.

随着英国失业率升高，英国人向海外移民人数在减少，原因可能在于他们移民所需的资金不够，或者他们想移民的国家也出现了经济衰退。