如何给人留下良好第一印象？改变你的问好方式吧

Each time you pick up the phone and chat with a new person, that stranger is subconciously judging you from your first "hello." Don't get mad: you, too, are judging them. New research indicates that we begin to form first impressions based on how someone says "hello," ScienceNOW reports—specifically, on how the tone of their voice sounds.

每当你和一个陌生人通过电话聊天，他下意识地会根据你的第一句“哈啰”来评价你。别生气：你也是这样评价他们的。《今日科学》杂志报道称，新研究表明我们根据别人是如何说“哈啰”，即问好的方式，迅速形成第一印象------具体地来说，是根据他们的声调。

Researchers in the U.K. recruited around 60 undergraduate students—half male, half female—and recorded them reading a short passage in a non-descript voice, ScienceNOW describes. The team edited down the recordings, leaving only the part where the students picked up the phone and said "hello." They then asked over 300 other students to listen to the recordings of that single word and asked to give an impression of the unseen person speaking it, such as how trustworthy they thought that person was or how warm their personality sounded. (ScienceNOW provides links for listening to both a supposedly trustworthy and an untrustworthy person say "hello.")

《今日科学》报道称，英国的研究人员调查者雇用了60名本科生——其中男女各一半——请他们用非描述性声音朗读一小段话，并录音。调查团队对录音进行剪辑，只留下学生拿起电话说“你好”那部分。然后，他们另外邀请了300多名学生听“哈罗”的录音，请他们给出对这个尚未谋面的说话者的印象，例如此人是否可靠或者性格是否温和。（《今日科学》提供链接，让人听听被猜想为是可靠和不可靠的人是如何说“哈罗”的）。

The students didn't hesitate to make judgements about the speakers at the other end of the line, and on average their assessments of those individuals' personalities converged, ScienceNOW reprots. Here's more on those findings:

《今日科学》表示，学生听完后，毫不犹豫地就对说话者作出判断；大多数人对同一个声音作出的判断大致相同。更多的发现:

Men who raised the tone of their voices, and women who alternated the pitch of their voices were rated as more trustworthy. Men with lower pitched voices were generally perceived as more dominant. But the opposite was true for women: Those with higher average pitch were rated as more dominant.

一般来说，大家觉得提高声调的男性和交替音调的女性更可靠。音调低沉的男性比较强势，而女性则相反，大家认为音调高的女性更强势。

Our vocal tones, the resarchers conclude, are just one more trait on the list of things we are judged by—and use to judge—each time we encounter a new person, even if we have no control over some of those traits.

调查者总结说，音调是人们用于相互评价的特征之一：每当我们遇上一个新朋友，别人就会根据音调评价我们——我们也会根据音调评价对方——即使我们无法控制其中一些特征。