莫言“红高粱”村不复从前,寻根文学何处寻根

On a brisk day in mid-October, Nobel prizewinner for literature Mo Yan's 62-year-old brother, Guan Moxin, stands outside their childhood home in Ping'an village, Shandong coastal province, posing for photographs with a steady stream of brightly dressed tourists. He smiles as a teenage girl in a pink sweater puts her hand on his shoulder and flashes a peace sign at the camera.

在10月中旬生机勃勃的一天，诺贝尔奖文学奖得主莫言62岁的哥哥管谟欣，站在山东沿海省份平安村他们童年的家门口，摆着姿势与源源不断穿着鲜艳的游客一起照相。当一个穿粉红色毛衣的少女把手放在他的肩上，他微笑着，在相机一闪的时候他轻轻地叹了口气。

"Everybody wants to understand what Mo Yan's life used to be like, when we were young," says Guan, leading a small crowd inside the abandoned house to a dusty room where Mo, now 57, was married. A broken antique radio – a wedding gift, Guan says – sits on a crumbling concrete bed, untouched for decades.

“每个人都想了解莫言过去的生活是怎样的，当我们年轻的时候，”管谟新，带着一小群人从一间废弃的房子进入一间尘土飞扬的房间，这里是现年57岁的莫言曾经结婚的地方。一个旧古董收音机是结婚礼物，管谟欣坐在一张几十年未碰过的摇摇欲坠的混凝土床上说道。

Ping'an, population 800, may soon be hard-pressed to maintain its rustic charm. Authorities in Gaomi, the municipality that administers Ping'an, plans to build a £67m "Mo Yan Culture Experience" theme park around the writer's old home, according to the Beijing News.

有着800人口的平安可能将很难保持其质朴的魅力。根据北京资讯,管理平安的高密市政府，计划在这位作家旧居周围建造6700万英镑的“莫言文化体验之旅”的主题公园。

The plan adds a touch of avarice to the range of reactions with which China has received Mo's Nobel victory. The author has worked with the Chinese Communist party for decades – many outspoken dissidents were outraged by the award. For many ordinary Chinese, however, the prize was a sign that China's cultural influence may now rival its economic clout. For Gaomi city officials, it could prove to be a goldmine.

该计划给中国得知莫言获诺贝尔奖之后的一系列反应增添了一丝贪婪的意味。这位作家已经与中国共产党合作了几十年 – 许多直言不讳的异议者被这个奖项给激怒了。然而，对于许多普通中国人来说，这个奖项成了中国文化影响力可能现在正与其经济影响力相媲美的标志。对高密市官员来说，它可能被证明是一个金矿。

Inspired by Mo's 1997 novel Red Sorghum, which Zhang Yimou adapted into an award-winning film, the government also plans to create a Red Sorghum Culture and Experience Zone in Ping'an. Although villagers counter that they stopped growing the cereal in the 1980s, the government is reportedly planning to pay local farmers to plant 1,600 acres (650 hectares) of the unprofitable crop.

受莫言1997年的小说《红高粱》，即张艺谋改编的一个获奖电影的启发，政府还计划在平安创建“红高粱”文化体验区。虽然村民们反驳说他们在20世纪80年代就已经停止了种植高粱，据报道，政府计划支付当地农民种植1600亩（650公顷）的非经济作物。

The director of the Gaomi press centre, Wang Youzhi, told the official Xinhua news agency that the theme park was more a "vision" than a concrete plan. "Although the idea sounds promising, we have yet to take the whole situation into consideration," he says, adding that "this might be the regulatory commission's long-term plan over five or 10 years."

高密市资讯中心主任王有志告诉新华社说，主题公园相比于具体的计划来说更是一个“愿景”。他说：“虽然这个想法听起来很有前景，但我们还没有全盘考虑，”他补充说：“这可能是监督管委会的一个5年或10年的长期计划。”

However, a large-scale tourism project in Gaomi remains unsurprising, analysts claim. According to Tao Ran, an economics professor at Renmin University in Beijing, local governments often borrow massive sums of money from state-owned banks to finance expensive development projects, hoping that they will drive up the value of local property.

然而，分析人士称在高密市的大型旅游项目仍然不吃惊。据北京中国人民大学的经济学教授陶然说，地方政府往往从国有银行借用大量的金钱支付昂贵的开发项目，希望其将推动当地的产业价值。

"If you go to almost any Chinese county or city, you'll see that they're building new cities, new industrial parks, and new theme parks every day," he says.

“如果你去到中国任何一个乡村或城市，你会看到他们每天都在建设新的城市、新的工业园区以及新的主题公园，”他说。

Mo's brother, neighbours, and 90-year-old father say they had not heard of plans for a theme park. "It's impossible that the government here would spend so much money on such a surface thing," Guan says. Mo, who was born Guan Moye – his pen name means "don't speak" – could not be reached for comment.

莫言的兄弟、邻居以及90岁的老父亲说，他们没有听说过主题公园的计划。 “这里的政府不可能花这么多钱在这种表面的东西上，”管谟欣说。莫言原名管谟业，他的笔名意思是“不要说话”，即不要发表评论。

Gaomi residents are intensely proud of their Nobel laureate, whom they fondly refer to as "Teacher Mo Yan". Long red banners congratulating Mo hang from the sides of concrete homes along major thoroughfares.

高密市居民以诺贝尔文学奖得主而强烈自豪，他们深情地称之为“莫言老师”。沿主要街道两侧的混凝土房屋边上拉着长长的红色横幅以祝贺莫言获奖。

In Ping'an, the atmosphere is still more celebratory than soul-searching.

在平安，氛围是庆祝而不是灵魂追寻。

Mo's father says that Mo does not come back home often, but when he does, "we just talk about what's happening in our home – how the tomatoes are growing, that type of thing." Inside the house, faded family pictures hang on newspaper-covered walls; outside, his courtyard overflows with shucked corn, the fruits of a good harvest.

莫言父亲说，莫言并不经常回家，但是，当他回来时，“我们只是谈论我们家发生的事情，如西红柿长的怎么样这种类型的事情。”屋内，褪色的家庭照挂在贴满报纸的墙上，屋外院子里因丰收而装满了剥皮的玉米、水果。

Although Guan says that he has never read his son's books, he is proud of Mo's achievements. "We're all just happy," he says. "Very, very happy."

尽管管老爷子说他从来没有看过他儿子的书，但他为莫言的成就感到自豪。 “我们都只是很高兴，”他说。 “非常，非常高兴。”