聚焦奥运：10个改变历史的奥运瞬间

Paris, 1900: First female athletes

1900年巴黎奥运会：首次允许女运动员参赛

Women were never allowed to compete in the Olympics until the Paris Games in 1900, when their participation in lawn tennis and golf events secured a position for female athletes in future Games.

奥运会一直以来都不允许女性参加比赛，直到1900年的巴黎奥运会，女运动员在草地网球运动和高尔夫球运动上的参与，奠定了女运动员在未来奥运会上的地位。

The London 2017 Olympics signifies a new gender milestone with the debut of Women's Boxing, and it will also be the first Games in Olympic history with female athletes from every competing country.

2017年伦敦奥运会首次设置女子拳击项目，预示在性别问题上将出现新的里程碑。这届奥运会也将成为奥运历史上第一届所有参赛国家都派出女运动员的奥运会。

Berlin, 1936: Owens breaks records

1936年柏林奥运会：欧文斯打破世界纪录

African-American athlete Jesse Owens broke records and won several gold medals, shattering Hitler’s aim to use the 1936 Games as an example of the “new Aryan man.” Owens later befriended his German competitor in the long jump, Luz Long, and the pair's lap of honor became a symbol of the triumph of sportsmanship over Nazi ideology.

非裔美国运动员杰西-欧文斯在这届奥运会上打破世界纪录并取得多项金牌，粉碎了希特勒借助1936年奥运会证明雅利安人种优越的目的。欧文斯在随后的跳远比赛中对待他的德国对手卢茨-朗如同朋友一般，两人的光荣一跃成为了体育精神战胜纳粹思想的象征。

London, 1948: Wheelchair athletes compete

1948年伦敦奥运会：轮椅运动员参加

English doctor Ludwig Guttmann founded the International Wheelchair Games to help rehabilitate wounded veterans of World War II. Using sports therapy, he invited wheelchair athletes to compete, and the event eventually became the modern Paralympic Games.

英国医生路德维格-古特曼建立国际残疾人运动会，以帮助二战中受伤的老兵康复。运用运动疗法，他邀请坐轮椅的运动员参加比赛，这一赛事最后成为了现代残疾人奥林匹克运动会。

Rome, 1960: Television, and scandals

1960年罗马奥运会：电视转播和丑闻事件

As the first Olympics ever to be televised and include a brand endorsement by an athlete, the Rome Games ushered in a new era of commercialism and changed the way the world viewed its Olympians.

作为第一届用电视转播并由运动员做品牌宣传的奥运会，罗马奥运会引领了一个全新的商业时代，改变了世界对奥运会选手的看法。

The Games also spotlighted a negative side of the competition with the first doping scandal, revealing how far some athletes would go to bring home the gold.

这届奥运会也因首个兴奋剂丑闻而让公众看到了奥运竞技的负面，展现出一些运动员要将金牌收入囊中，还有很远的路要走。

Munich, 1972: Terror replaces peace

1972年慕尼黑奥运会：恐怖取代和平

Tragedy infamously marred the Munich Games when 11 Israeli athletes were taken hostage and killed by Palestinian terrorists. Although the Olympics continued and the incident led to increased security, the message of international peace promoted by the Games was permanently damaged.

11名以色列运动员被巴勒斯坦恐怖分子作为人质并最终杀害，悲剧笼罩着慕尼黑奥运会。尽管奥运会继续进行，且这一事件致使保安工作有所提升，但由奥运会所推动的世界和平却永久地被破坏了。

Montreal, 1976: African nations boycott

1976年蒙特利尔奥运会：非洲国家抵制参赛

Human right was at the forefront of the Montreal Games after 22 African nations boycotted the Olympics because New Zealand was participating. Earlier that year, New Zealand sparked outrage among African countries when it sent its national rugby team to play in South Africa, which was under apartheid. This marked the first of several politically-motivated boycotts of the Olympics.

22个非洲国家因新西兰参赛而联合抵制奥运会，在此之后人权问题就处于了蒙特利尔奥运会的风口浪尖。当年早些时候，新西兰国家橄榄球队前往种族隔离制度下的南非比赛，因此在非洲国家激起了民愤。这是第一次因政治原因而抵制奥运会的运动。