《白雪公主与猎人》:重塑暗黑童话

In the first minute of the trailer for Snow White & the Huntsman, evil queen Ravenna, played by Charlize Theron, strips naked, sucks the "youth" out of a teenage girl, and plots to rip Snow White's heart from her chest.

影片《白雪公主与猎人》预告片一开头，由查理兹•塞隆饰演的邪恶皇后赤身出镜，吸食一个十几岁女孩的"青春"，并密谋撕裂白雪公主的心脏。

Given that most people think of Snow White as an innocent girl twirling through a forest, singing about someday her prince will come, this is less a trailer and more a statement of purpose: this story isn't for children anymore.

在大部分人的眼中，白雪公主的形象天真烂漫，在森林中翩翩起舞，歌唱着有天白马王子将会到来。鉴于此，这部预告片更像是有意在声明：本故事已然不适合儿童观看。

Snow White & The Huntsman, a bleak and brutal film with the tone close to Game of Thrones, is another fairytale film adaptation aimed at adults–after this year's Mirror Mirror, last year's Red Riding Hood, and dozens of other works in the past decade.

《白雪公主与猎人》是部阴冷而残忍的影片，基调与《权利和游戏》相仿。继《魔镜魔镜》（2017年）、《小红帽 》（2011年）以及过去十年中诞生的许多同类型作品后，该片又是一部适合成年人观看的童话改编电影。

According to The New York Times, they're the latest trend "that's undoing Disney's 20th century work of transforming horrifying folk stories into genial animated musicals".

《纽约时报》报道称，它们都是时下的银幕风向标，"摒弃了上世纪迪士尼将惊悚民间故事改编成温馨的卡通音乐剧的创作手法"。

When Disney released Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs–the first feature-length cartoon by the company, it set a standard for the contemporary concept of the fairy tale: a whimsical, animated story appropriate enough for the entire family.

当迪士尼推出首部大银幕动画片《白雪公主和七个小矮人》时，也为当代童话的定义制定了标准：适合全家观看的奇幻动画片。

However, while the new retellings may seem subversive, they're actually throwbacks, marking a return to what these tales originally were.

这些经典翻拍似乎在颠覆原著；但事实上，它们又回归到了故事的本来面目。

"Fairy tales can never be completely separated from their darker origins," film critic Scott Meslow wrote for The Atlantic.

影评家斯科特•麦斯洛在《大西洋》杂志中写道："童话故事永远都不可能同黑暗起源完全分开。"

"By contemporary standards, the Grimms' original stories are packed with violence and sex."

"以当代标准来看，格林兄弟的原版故事中充满性与暴力。"

For example, The Juniper Tree features a stepmother killing her stepson and serving him to his father in a stew, and Darling Roland features a mother-to-daughter axe murder.

例如，在《杜松树》中，母亲杀了继子，拿来煮汤给他的父亲喝；而在《爱人罗兰》中则是一宗母亲想用斧头砍死女儿的谋杀案。

Meslow added that, if the audience has enough knowledge of the original stories to appreciate how they're being adapted, twisted fairy tales, such as Snow White & the Huntsman, and TV shows like Grimm and Once Upon a Time, will work better.

麦斯洛还表示，如果观众熟知原版故事并且懂得去欣赏这些改编电影，那些像《白雪公主与猎人》这样颠覆性的童话故事，以及像《格林兄弟》和《童话镇》这类的电视剧也将会取得更大的成功。

And it's a knowledge that contemporary children are getting further and further away from, because they have grown up with more subversive fairy tales, such as Shrek series and Enchanted, than actual fairy tales.

我们都知道现在的孩子们离真实童话越来越远了，因为伴随他们成长的都是像《怪物史莱克》系列和《魔法奇缘》这样变了样的童话故事，而并非真正的童话。

In many ways, the reverse-sanitization of the fairy tale is a return to the origins of stories that were, in their earliest forms, only "related at adult gatherings after children had been put to bed for the night".

从许多方面看来，童话故事的颠覆性创作其实是还原了故事的本源，不过只适合"孩子入睡后大人们一起来收看了"。

As adults turn on an episode of Grimm after reading their children to sleep, or see Snow White & the Hunstman while their kids stay at home with a sitter, they're embracing a concept of the fairy tale that predates even the Grimm Brothers–a trend appropriate enough for the oldest stories of all.

当大人们给孩子们读故事哄他们入睡后，打开电视看《格林兄弟》时，或将孩子放在家中交予他人看管，而独自去欣赏《白雪公主与狩猎人》时，他们正在接受一种比格林兄弟还要古老的童话故事概念，对于那些古老而悠久的故事而言，这种趋势是再合适不过的了。