知识女性收入远不及丈夫 中途隐退渐成趋势

Susanna Mancini poses for a portrait at her home in New York March 7, 2017. Mancini, a former lawyer who advanced in her career after marrying and having two children, eventually quit in 2005 after her husband's seven-digit earnings exceeded her six-figure salary. She is part of a trend of highly educated US women who have left the workforce as their highly educated husbands' earnings soar。Susanna Mancini used to be successful as a lawyer and well paid for it. But her career eventually succumbed to her husband's even bigger success. She quit in 2005 when her six-digit income was overtaken by his seven-digit one。

She is far from alone, according to a new study from the Federal Reserve, due to be published shortly。

It shows that between 1993 and 2006, there was a decline in the workforce of 0.1 percent a year on average in the number of college-educated women, with similarly educated spouses。

That contrasts with growth of 2.4 percent a year between 1976 and 1992.

In 1975, college graduates of both sexes were making 43 percent more than non-college graduates. By 2008, the figure had risen to 92 percent for men and to 70 percent for women。

"In the last 20 years, wages for highly educated males increased so much that they dwarfed the family's second income, usually the one of their wives," said Albanesi, who co-authored the study with Columbia University graduate student Maria Prados。

"The result was that sometimes married women exited the labor force mid-career, exactly around the time their husbands are promoted to more senior roles. They stopped getting income they didn't need and so they left the labor force forever."

苏珊娜•曼西尼曾是一名成功的律师，而且收入不菲。但最终她的事业还是败给了更为成功的丈夫。2005年当她六位数的收入被丈夫七位数的收入赶超后，她便退出了职场。

美联储即将发布的一项新研究显示，和苏珊娜境遇相同的女性很多。

研究显示，1993年至2006年间，受过大学教育、配偶教育程度相当的女性在劳动人口中所占比重年均下降了0.1%。

而在1976年至1992年间，这一比重年均增长2.4%，反差甚大。

1975年，男女大学毕业生的收入都比没有大学学历的毕业生多出43%。到2008年，男大学毕业生的收入比没有大学学历的男性多出92%，而女大学毕业生只多出70%。

该研究的作者之一阿尔巴内西说：“在过去的20年间，受过高等教育的男性工资升了很多，使家庭的第二收入(通常是妻子的收入)显得微薄。”阿尔巴内西和哥伦比亚大学研究生玛丽亚•普拉多斯共同撰写了这一研究报告。

“结果是有时已婚妇女会在职业生涯中期退出劳动力大军，恰好是她们的丈夫晋升到高级职位的时候。她们不再去赚不需要的收入，所以就永远离开了劳动力队伍。”