英国：离婚后父亲不准探视？

Frozen out: Both fathers and grandparents could lose the right to see children under a huge shake-up to family law.(dailymail.co.uk)

Fathers and grandparents will not be given any legal right to see children after a break-up, under the biggest changes to family law in a generation.

In what was immediately denounced as a ‘betrayal’ of the family, a major report today rules againstgiving men shared or equal time with their children when a relationship ends.

It suggests fathers will even be denied the legal right to maintain a ‘meaningful relationship’ with their families, as this ‘would do more harm than good’.

The review also overturnsCoalition pledges to make it easier to maintain contact with grandchildren when parents separate, a problem that usually affects those on the father’s side.

The long-awaitedFamily Justice Review was branded a ‘monstrous sham’ that undermines David Cameron’s pledge to lead the most family-friendly government in history.

The independent report was commissioned by ministers to examine the case for reform of a family law system repeatedly accused of putting rights of mothers over those of fathers and grandparents.

But its proposals – likely to form the basis of future government family policy – sparked an immediate Cabinet revolt.

Allies of Work and Pensions Secretary Iain Duncan Smith said he would fight to ensure the Government’s response – due to be published in January – will do more for fathers and grandparents.

A source close to the Cabinet minister said that the findings were ‘absurd’, warning that they undermined attempts to tackle the generation of fatherless youths blamed for the summer’s riots.

The review comes against a backdropof soaring divorce rates and increasing numbers of children being born out of wedlock, often to co-habitees who are more likely to break up than married couples.

Last year there were almost three million children aged under 16 living in a lone-parent household – or 24 per cent of the total.

The final report flatlyrejected claims by fathers’ rights groups that the current system is biased – despite figures showing that 93 per cent of custody battles are won by the mother.

The report also contradicts pledges by senior officials earlier this year that grandparents would be given far greater rights. Instead, they will still have to apply to court twice to see their grandchildren: once for the right to begin a case and then to seek access to their loved ones.

英国一份报告建议，在父母离婚后，父亲和祖父母将无法获得探视权。这将是近年来英国最重大的一次家庭法修改。

这份报告于今日公布后，立即被指责“背叛”家庭。根据该报告，在离婚后，父亲将无法分享照顾子女的时间，也无法获得同等的探视时间。

该报告建议，在离婚后，父亲也不能和孩子保持“有意义的关系”，因为 这样“弊大于利”。

英国联合政府曾表态在父母离婚后，要让祖父母更容易探视孙辈，这一问题常成为离异后男方的困扰，但这项报告也使这一承诺无望实现。

这份期待已久的《家庭司法审查》报告被指为“荒谬的骗局”，破坏了大卫 卡梅伦要打造英国史上最家庭友好型政府的承诺。

这份独立报告由英国多位大臣委托开展，旨在对家庭法律体系的改革进行调研。现有制度屡次因重视母亲权益，忽视父亲和祖父母权益而遭到指责。

但报告的建议却立即在英国内阁引发争议。该报告有可能为政府将来的家庭政策定下基调。

“就业和养老金联盟”秘书长伊恩 邓肯 史密斯表示，他将力争让政府更多地为父亲和祖父母一方考虑。政府将在明年一月对此作出回应。

据接近内阁大臣的人士透露，报告结果“很荒谬”，提醒称这破坏了应对“无父爱一代”年轻人的努力，而这些年轻人正是英国夏季暴乱的主角。

该报告的建议也有悖于英国离婚率升高、非婚生子女增多的大背景。这些非婚生子女通常来自同居家庭，而同居关系比婚姻关系更容易解体。

去年，英国有将近300万16岁以下的少年儿童生活在单亲家庭，比例占到24%。

英国的父亲权益团体大呼现有制度不公，但最终报告仍断然拒绝了他们的主张。数据显示，93%的子女监护权都判给了母亲。

今年早些时候，曾有高级官员许诺祖父母将在子女离婚后得到更多的探视权，但该报告有悖于此项承诺。在子女离婚后，祖父母若想探视孙辈，仍需向法院递交两次申请，第一次申请法院受理，第二次申请探视权。