睡眠呼吸暂停或导致患癌风险增加

Women with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are more likely to develop cancer than men with the condition, according to a report published this week in the European Respiratory Journal.

据本周发表于《欧洲呼吸杂志》上的报告所示，患阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的女性比患该病症的男性更易患癌症。

OSA is the most common type of sleep apnea, and it causes a person's breathing to stop and start throughout the night. People with sleep apnea often wake up abruptly, choking or gasping for air, and often have sore throats or dry mouths. OSA can also cause blood oxygen saturation levels to dip, and it's been linked to a number of health problems-including morning headaches, high blood pressure, loud snoring, excessive daytime sleepiness, difficulty concentrating, depression, irritability, and nighttime sweating.

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停是最常见的一种睡眠呼吸暂停，会导致患者在夜间睡觉时反复地呼吸暂停。睡眠呼吸暂停患者通常会骤然醒来、感到窒息或大口喘气，通常还伴有喉咙痛或口干的症状。阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停会导致血氧饱和度下降，同时与一系列健康问题相关--包括清晨头痛、高血压、大声打呼噜、白天过度嗜睡、难以集中注意力、抑郁、易怒和夜间出汗。

Now, researchers also believe there is a link between OSA and the development of cancer-especially in women. In the new study, an international team of researchers analyzed data on nearly 20,000 Europeans who'd been diagnosed with sleep apnea. About 5,800 of the patients studied were women, and about 14,000 were men.

现在，研究员认为阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停与患癌之间存在联系--对女性而言更是如此。在这项新研究中，一个国际研究小组分析了欧洲近2万名睡眠呼吸暂停患者的数据。研究中，近5800位患者是女性，约14000位患者是男性。

During the study period, 2.8% of women-but only 1.7% of men-developed a serious cancer. Breast cancer was the most common cancer among these women.

研究期间，2.8%的女性--但只有1.7%的男性--患了癌症。在这些患癌女性中，乳腺癌最为常见。

Researchers took into consideration factors that can contribute to the development of cancer, including alcohol consumption, BMI, age, and smoking status. But even after controlling for those factors, they found that cancer was still more prevalent among female OSA patients than male OSA patients.

研究员考虑了可能导致患癌的因素，包括饮酒、身体质量指数、年龄和抽烟情况。但即使控制了这些因素后，他们发现，阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的女患者患癌症的情况比该病症男患者患癌症的情况更普遍。

study lead Athanasia Pataka, MD, said in a statement that her team found OSA might be an "indicator" of a future cancer diagnosis for women. However, more research is needed to confirm her team's findings, Dr. Pataka explained.

研究首席作者阿萨纳西亚·帕塔卡（Athanasia Pataka）医学博士在一份声明中说道，她的团队发现：阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停可能是女性未来患癌的"迹象"。然而，我们还需要进行更多的研究来确认团队的发现成果，帕塔卡博士解释道。

"Our study did not explicitly explore the causes of different cancers, but cancer may differ between men and women because of factors such as how hormones affect tumor growth; how the different types of cancer that were more prevalent in men and women are affected by low blood oxygen levels; or how gender specific exposure to cigarette smoking may play a role," Dr. Pataka said.

"我们的研究没有明确探索不同癌症的成因，但女性和男性的患癌情况可能会有所不同，因为激素影响肿瘤生长的方式、低血氧水平对男性比女性更易患哪种癌症的影响、不同性别抽烟所带来的影响等因素都可能起到作用，"帕塔卡博士说道。