大麻二酚产品真的会让你放松吗?

Besides oils and tinctures, you can now consume CBD in the form of infused gummies, gourmet desserts, and even the seltzer offered at a certain boutique gynecology office. The marketing is definitely ahead of the science, so here's what to know about the grains of truth behind the claims.

除了大麻二酚（CBD）油和CBD酊剂，现在还可以将CBD注入软糖、美食甜点中，更甚者，精品妇科办公室也提供了CBD苏打水。市场营销已完全领先于科学，那这些营销背后的真相又是什么呢？

The research on CBD and anxiety

关于CBD和焦虑的研究

Quieting anxiety is one of the best understood effects of CBD-but that's not saying much.

安静的焦虑是对CBD影响的最佳解读之一--但这并不能说明什么。

Studies of rats and mice have found that CBD usually, but not always, seems to make the rodents act less anxious. For example, researchers may put rats into an "elevated plus maze," a structure where an animal can choose whether to be out in the open or in a more confined space.

对大鼠和小鼠的研究发现：CBD通常（但并非总是）能使它们不那么焦虑。例如，研究员可以将老鼠放入"更高级迷宫"中，迷宫中的动物可以选择开放或私密空间。

So to be clear about what these studies were testing: they didn't involve humans, and they didn't involve anxiety disorders or human-relevant stresses like work deadlines. A review of the evidence on CBD and anxiety notes that sometimes CBD seemed to increase anxiety, and that it may matter whether the rodent gets their CBD dose before or after feeling stress.

声明一点，这些研究未涉及人类实验，也未涉及焦虑障碍或工作截止日期等与人类相关的压力。一篇综述研究了CBD和焦虑的种种迹象，指出：有时候，CBD似乎会增加焦虑，老鼠注射CBD的时间（感到压力前还是压力后）也可能起到影响。

According to that same review, studies have found that CBD: reduces the anxiety that can come from THC (which is why you may want to pay attention to the THC/CBD ratio when shopping for weed); doesn't do much for your "baseline" anxiety level; may reduce anxiety associated with the stress of public speaking or social anxiety disorder.

这篇综述还指出，研究已发现CBD可缓解源自四氢大麻酚（THC）的压力（所以，购买大麻时应留心THC和CBD的比例）；但对"基线"焦虑水平却没有太大帮助；且可缓解与公众演讲或社交焦虑障碍相关的焦虑。

Most of the studies involved healthy volunteers, so we don't know if CBD works the same way in people with anxiety disorders or other underlying conditions. And the studies only looked at single CBD doses in a lab setting; we don't know if the effects will be the same in the real world, including whether the effect will be more or less pronounced if you take CBD often.

大部分研究的受试对象是健康志愿者，所以我们尚不清楚，对于焦虑障碍患者或其它潜在病症患者而言，CBD是否能起到同样的效果。而且，研究只涉及一种实验室环境的CBD；因此我们并不清楚，在现实世界中，如果你经常摄入CBD，这一效果是否会更为明显。

CBD products' doses are tiny compared to the ones used in studies. Before you celebrate with a CBD cocktail, there's something you should know: none of those studies used low-dose products like the ones you typically see on the market.

与研究所用的CBD剂量相比，CBD产品的剂量可以算得上是微乎其微了。但在饮下CBD鸡尾酒庆祝之前，你需要知道：这些研究都没有涉及市场上常见的低剂量产品。