Smoking causes DNA changes in our body 吸烟会导致人体内基因变异
Play audio file 《科学》杂志上发表的一项研究报告显示,吸烟者一生中吸的烟与人体内基因转变的次数有着直接的联系。这些基因转变是永久性的,就算吸烟者成功戒烟,也无法重新将其修复。请听 BBC 记者 Fergus Walsh 的报告。
The researchers sequenced the genome of thousands of cancers. They calculate that a 20 a day smoker will accumulate an average of 150 mutations every year in each lung cell - 97 in the larynx and 23 in the mouth. These changes are permanent, and each one represents a chance of triggering cancer. Even in tissues not directly exposed to smoke, there are DNA mutations - 18 per year in the bladder and six in the liver.
The joint lead author Prof Sir Mike Stratton, of the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, said DNA analysis would help explain the mechanisms triggering other cancers.
"By looking in the DNA of those cancers, we will find these mutational signatures, these archaeological traces of the past exposures, these will provide us clues to the agents that are responsible, and that will lead potentially to prevention."
One clear message from this research is that the quicker and younger smokers quit, the fewer DNA mutations they will be harbouring.
词汇表 sequenced 按次序排列
genome 基因组,染色体组
accumulate 累积(数量逐渐增加)
mutations 突变、变异
larynx 喉
triggering 引发
mechanisms 原理、机制
archaeological 考古学的
harbouring 使藏着,使潜伏着
测验 请听报道并回答下列问题。
1. How many mutations are seen on average in each lung cell every year for a 20 a day smoker?
2. Which part of the body is more likely to experience DNA mutation for a smoker?
3. True or false? ‘Tissues not directly exposed to smoke are protected from DNA mutations.’
4. Which word has a similar meaning to ‘historical’?
答案 1. How many mutations are seen on average in each lung cell every year for a 20 a day smoker?
On average 150 mutations can happen to each lung cell.
2. Which part of the body is more likely to experience DNA mutation for a smoker?
The larynx or the voice box is most likely to experience DNA mutations for a smoker.
3. True or false? Tissues not directly exposed to smoke are protected from DNA mutations.
False. Even tissues that are not directly exposed to smoke are at risk from DNA mutations.
4. Which word has a similar meaning to ‘historical’?
Archaeological.
中国人全球最勤奋 网友吐槽生活所迫
中国出资设立基金以减少全球贫困
揭秘韩剧何以在中国大受欢迎
柏林爱乐乐团终觅得首席指挥
芭比变身成超级女英雄
中国获研发FDI规模超美国
研究:吸电子烟也会上瘾
外媒影评《小时代4》
学前英语常用词汇:形容词的比较级
10大危险信号 你需要好好休息下了
中行拟在亚洲扩大业务
NASA发现新“宜居带”
中国富人不好做 富人不再如从前
闹钟1遍就叫醒 6招告别起床困难户
《在路上》书迷感谢信不断
沃尔玛全资收购一号店
学前英语常用词汇:动词的过去式
上海迪士尼乐园计划将"海盗公园"列为重头戏
老外考中国驾照 连考四次才通过
干旱改变加州的厨房与餐桌
詹皇签约华纳进军好莱坞
用Apple Pay花钱是何样体验
微软上一财季净亏32亿美元
学前英语常用词汇:动词的第三人称单数形式
共享经济的好处
清华紫光收购美芯片厂商障碍重重
不作死就不会死 13个欠揍的文学角色
英王室销售力:夏洛特胜乔治
沙特阿拉伯与ISIS的奇特关系
趣说比基尼
不限 |
英语教案 |
英语课件 |
英语试题 |
不限 |
不限 |
上册 |
下册 |
不限 |