甘肃省兰州市2016届高考一轮英语阅读理解和短文改错自练（10）及答案

　　【由内蒙古包头市201阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A,B,C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　As I grew older, my dad and 1 grew further apart. We always had totally different opinions. He thought that college was a waste of time, but for me it was important to finish college. He wanted me to work my way to the top as he had done in his field，but I wanted a different life. There was a time when we did not talk with each other.

　　A few months ago, I heard that my 84year-old dad was in poor health. When he called and asked whether I could move from Colorado bank to Tennessee to help him,I knew he was seriously ill. I am his only child and so it was time to meet my father's requirement.

　　Two weeks after moving back，we bought a boat and started fishing aain. Fishing was one of the few things that we did while 1 was young and that we both enjoyed. It is strange but true that as we are fishing we are able to put things that have kept us apart for so many years behind us. We are able to talk about things that we have never talked about before. Fishing has heen healing the old wounds that have kept us apart.

　　It is not important how many fish we catch. It is about enjoying the relationship that we have not had for years. I' m 62 and he is 84. When we are on the lake fishing, it is like enjoying life. It is far better to find a way to put the unhappy past behind. I am so lucky to spend the happy time with my father in his last years.Now my heart is filled with love. A smile always graces my lips.

　　1. The author and his father became further apart because

　　A. they lived very far from each other

　　B. they seldom went see each other

　　C. they only communnicated by phone

　　D. they had different views on things

　　2. Why did the author came back to Tennessee?

　　A. Because his father invited him tg ga $shire.

　　B. Because he decided to live in a different city.

　　C. Because his father was ill and needed caring.

　　D. Because he regretted being rude to his father.

　　3.For the author, fishing with his old father

　　A. help cure his father’s disease

　　B. makes him realize the importance of relaxation

　　C. is a good way to get close to nature

　　D. provides a chance for them to communicate

　　4. Which of the following can be the title for the text?

　　A.Fishing Brings Us Together

　　B. Forgiving Is Difficult

　　C.Memories of Old Days

　　D. My Beloved Father

　　【参考答案】1--4、DCDD

　　阅读理解。

　　People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions — and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.

　　Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly(均匀的) across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes.

　　"We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions," Jack said. "Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth."

　　According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross-cultural situations.

　　The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of. expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.

　　It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than did Westerners. "The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions," Jack said. "Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less."

　　In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.

　　(

　　) 1. The discovery shows that Westerners

　　.

　　A. pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth

　　B. consider facial expressions universally reliable

　　C. observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways

　　D. have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions

　　(

　　) 2. What were the people asked to do in the study?

　　A. To make a face at each other.

　　B. To get their faces impressive.

　　C. To classify some face pictures.

　　D. To observe the researchers' faces.

　　(

　　) 3. What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 6 refer to?

　　A. The participants in the study.

　　B. The researchers of the study.

　　C. The errors made during the study.

　　D. The data collected from the study.

　　(

　　) 4. In comparison with Westerners, Easterners are likely to

　　.

　　A. do translation more successfully

　　B. study the mouth more frequently

　　C. examine the eyes more attentively

　　D. read facial expressions more correctly

　　(

　　) 5. What can be the best title for the passage?

　　A. The Eye as the Window to the Soul

　　B. Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions

　　C. Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills

　　D. How to Increase Cross-cultural Understanding

　　【语篇解读】本文为科普说明文。主要介绍了最新的科学研究发现：东方人比西方人更难于读懂他人的面部表情。

　　1. 答案：A

　　考点：细节理解题

　　解析：根据第三段 “Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth.” 可以得出答案

　　2. 答案：C

　　考点：细节理解题

　　解析：根据第五段 “…by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of. expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral.”可以判断选C

　　3. 答案：A

　　考点：词义猜测

　　解析：根据定语从句 “that they show”所修饰的 eye movements 在研究中为the participants 所作（从the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people”可知）可判断选A

　　4. 答案：C

　　考点：细节理解题

　　解析：根据第六段 “It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than did Westerners.”可判断选C

　　5. 答案：B

　　考点：主旨大意题

　　解析：文章首先指出科学研究的最新发现：东方人比西方人更难于读懂人的面部表情。之后更具体地介绍研究的结构及其研究过程，最后得出结论：文化差异丰富了理解情感的基本社会技巧，即：不同的文化背景使人理解他人情感的方式也不尽相同。由此判断最佳标题应为B。

　　阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

　　体裁：记叙文　话题：学校生活　时间：6分钟

　　Would you want a doctor who got high marks in medical school just for trying hard? Apparently many college students would have no problem with that.They believe students are owed a good grade simply because they put a lot of effort into a class.

　　The researchers asked over 800 undergraduates if they agreed or disagreed with some statements.For example：“If I have completed most of the reading for a class，I deserve a B in that course.”“A professor should not be annoyed with me if I receive an important call during class.”

　　Just 16% thought it was OK to take that phone call.But 66% agreed that a professor should consider effort and not just the quality of a student's work when deciding grades.And 40% thought they should get a B，the second highest mark，just because they did most of the reading for class.

　　Some experts aren't surprised that students often see no difference between effort and results.Social critics like to say that in children's activities these days，everyone gets an award just for trying，so no one will feel rejected.

　　Yet competition to get into the best colleges is fiercer than ever.Students may worry that low grades will keep them out of graduate school or a good job.

　　And there may be another explanation: pressure from parents to get a good return on the family's investment.These days, college can cost more than a house.

　　A former teaching assistant recently wrote to The New York Times about his experience with grade expectations.He would try to explain it this way when students asked for a top grade just for studying hard in chemistry class.

　　What if a baseball player came to spring training and worked harder than all the others，but still could not play well? Would the team accept him anyway，just because he tried so hard?

　　The students would say no.But most of them would still ask for an A.

　　【语篇导读】　许多大学生认为只要他们努力学习，就应当得到高的分数，但是专家认为，努力和结果不能等同。

　　1．What does the passage mainly discuss?

　　A．Whether students deserve high marks just for trying hard.

　　B．Whether students are allowed to answer calls in class.

　　C．How students can get a good grade in the course.

　　D．Why students put a lot of efforts in their studies.

　　解析　主旨大意题。根据全文内容尤其是第一段中的“They believe students are owed a good grade simply because they put a lot of effort into a class.”可知，文章主要讨论的是“付出努力是否应该得到高分”。

　　答案　A

　　2．According to the research，most of the students ______.

　　A．thought it was all right to answer the call during class

　　B．objected to deciding grades only by the quality of a student's work

　　C．thought they did most of the work for class and should get a B

　　D．agreed that they should be given top grades because of their hard work

　　解析　细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句“But 66% agreed that a professor should consider effort and not just the quality of a student's work when deciding grades.”可知，大多数的学生不同意教授只根据功课的质量来决定分数。

　　答案　B

　　3．From the sixth paragraph we can learn that ______.

　　A．it costs much more to build a college than to buy a house

　　B．the costs of studying at college are much more than staying at home

　　C．the costs of sending a child to college are much more than buying a house

　　D．it is difficult for parents to send a child to college

　　解析　细节理解题。根据第六段中的“These days，college can cost more than a house.”可知，如今供孩子上大学的费用比买房的费用还高。

　　答案　C

　　4．What does the former assistant want to tell students with the example of the baseball player?

　　A．Effort can lead to good results.

　　B．Effort is very necessary.

　　C．Effort and results are quite different.

　　D．No good results，effort is unnecessary.

　　解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Would the team accept him anyway，just because he tried so hard？”的反问来看，他想让学生知道“努力不等于好结果”。

　　答案　C

　　1.短文改错

　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用斜线(划掉。

　　修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

　　2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

　　Once a man got on a bus for New York. He hid herself in the toilet，because he did not want to pay. But the passenger saw him. She tapped the person in front of her on the shoulder and say，“There's a bum (流浪汉) in the toilet. Tell the bus driver.” The message was pass from person to person. But anywhere along the way，it told that there was a bomb in the toilet. He immediate stopped bus and telephoned the police. When the police came，they told the passengers to get off the bus or stay far away. Then they closed the highway，which resulted from a traffic jam. The police searched for several hour. Of course they found no bomb at all！

　　1.

　　第二句 herself 改为 himself

　　第三句the改为a

　　第四句say改为said

　　第五句pass改为passed

　　第六句anywhere改为somewhere

　　第七句told前加was

　　第八句immediate改为immediately

　　第九句or改为and

　　第十句from改为in

　　第十一句hour改为hours

　　2.短文改错

　　以下标有题号的每一行均有一个错误，请找出，并按下列情况改正：

　　此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。

　　此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。

　　此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。

　　Li Hua is a senior three student who devote himself to his lessons every day. Last Saturday, as usual, he went to several

　　courses.In the evening, he studies at home until deep into

　　2.

　　the night.He was too sleepy and tired that he couldn’t work

　　3.

　　effectively. In Sunday morning, Li Hua was about to study

　　4.

　　when his father came up and advised him to have a break.

　　Soon they had good idea. They bought a kite which they

　　5.

　　liked it very much and then the family went to the suburbs

　　6.

　　where Li Hua enjoyed himself fly the kite. The family had a

　　7.

　　picnic together but felt very relaxed in the open air. On

　　8.

　　Monday, Li Hua was energetic and actively in class. He

　　9.

　　said it was only why he had a better weekend.

　　10.

　　【参考答案】2.

　　1. devote---devotes

　　2. studies---studied

　　3. too sleepy---so sleepy

　　4. In Sunday--- On Sunday

　　5. had good--- had a good

　　6. liked it---去掉it

　　7. fly---flying

　　8. but---and

　　9. actively---active

　　10. why---because

　　3.短文改错

　　短文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加﹑删除或修改。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用（﹨）划掉。

　　修改：在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词的下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

　　2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

　　My summer travel started terribly.I was at the Shanghai Railway Station buy a ticket to Hangzhou.I was going to visit a friend here and after that I would go to Xiamen for long holiday.I bought my ticket but turned around to pick up my bag from the floor and then I realized that someone had stolen it.Luckily I had all my money on my pocket,but the only clothes I had was those I had on.It felt very strange to travel without any luggages.When I finally arrived at my friend ,he lent to me lots of clothes.I feel very happy that I could change my clothes at last.

　　【参考答案】3.

　　My summer travel started terribly.I was at the Shanghai Railway Station buy a ticket to

　　buying

　　Hangzhou.I was going to visit a friend here and after that I would go to Xiamen for∧ long

　　there

　　a

　　holiday.I bought my ticket but turned around to pick up my bag from the floor and then I realized

　　and

　　that someone had stolen it.Luckily I had all my money on my pocket,but the only clothes I had

　　in

　　was those I had on.It felt very strange to travel without any luggages.When I finally arrived at my

　　were

　　luggage

　　friend ,he lent to me lots of clothes.I feel very happy that I could change my clothes at last.

　　friend’s

　　felt