甘肃省兰州市2016届高考一轮英语阅读理解和短文改错自练（9）及答案

　　阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

　　A classical guitarist was excited to hear from New York City police that his valuable guitar had been found. It disappeared almost a year ago when he got out of a cab and forgot to take the guitar with him. Laurence Lennon, 44, said he was running late that day. He was talking to his manager on his cell phone when he dashed out of the taxi. He said that he gave the driver $ 60 and told him to keep the change. He walked through the front doors of the concert hall still talking on the phone to his manager.

　　Upon discovering his loss, Lennon used his cell phone to call the police. The policewoman asked him for the name of the cab company, the number of the cab, and the name of the driver. He said that she had to be kidding.

　　She told Lennon that he could file a missing items report at the police station or online. Lennon asked for the online address. She told him that finding the guitar might take a couple of years—finding guitars was not as important as finding murderers and marijuana smokers. Then she told him to have a nice day.

　　“This year has been depressing，” said Lennon. “I had to postpone the recording of two new CDs. I've been using borrowed guitars. And I was losing hope of ever recovering my guitar.”

　　Lennon was reunited with his $ 100,000 musical instrument yesterday. The case and the guitar had been discovered in the corner of a coffee house only two blocks from where Lennon had lost it in the first place. Lennon had offered a $ 10,000 reward for its return. He said he would give the reward to the coffee house owner, who had informed the police.

　　1．It can be inferred from this reading passage that________.

　　A．Lennon gave the driver much more money than what was actually needed

　　B．Lennon couldn't give any useful information about the driver and his cab

　　C．Lennon was too busy talking to his friend to remember to pay the cab driver

　　D．Lennon used to work at the concert hall in New York City

　　答案：B　推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“The policewoman asked him for the name of the cab company...and the name of the driver. He said that she had to be kidding.”说明他对出租汽车公司和司机的情况一概不知，认为警察这样问他简直是在开玩笑。．The policewoman told Lennon________.

　　A．not to worry about the guitar

　　B．to have a nice day in New York City

　　C．to find the cab driver and talk to him

　　D．to wait with patience

　　答案：D　推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“...finding the guitar might take a couple of years.”说明警察认为寻找这把吉他会很难，大概需要几年时间，因此他得耐心等待。选项A“不要着急这把吉他”不符合警察的本意和事实；B“祝他在纽约市玩得愉快”，原文中这是警察对他的安慰和祝福，不是事情的最重要内容；C“去找出租车司机跟他谈一下”这显然不可能，只有D“耐心等待”符合警察的本意。．Which of the following is the most important according to the policewoman?

　　A．Finding a lost guitar. B．Finding the cab driver.

　　C．Finding murderers. D．Enjoying one's own life

　　答案：C　细节题。根据第三段“...finding guitars was not as important as finding murderers....”说明在警察看来寻找杀人犯比寻找吉他(当然和其他任何事相比都)更重要。

　　．The underlined word“depressing”can be best explained by“________”．

　　A．making people feel sad

　　B．making people unfortunate

　　C．making people losing money

　　D．making people losing good luck

　　答案：A　词义理解题。根据第四段第二句“I had to postpone the recording of two new CDs. I've been using borrowed guitars. And....”可推测出Lennon度过了一年很痛苦的日子，主要是丢掉了心爱的吉他和由于此事给他带来的种种事业中的不顺畅，因此可推测出depressing在这种的意思相当于making people feel sad。

　　Feel tired lately?Has a doctor said he can’t find anything wrong with you?Perhaps he sends you to a hospital,but all the advanced equipment there shows there is nothing wrong with you.

　　Then,consider this:you might be in a state of sub-health(亚健康).

　　Sub-health,also called the third state or gray state,is explained as borderline state between health and disease.

　　According to the investigation by the National Organization,over 45 percent of sub-health people are middle-aged or elderly.The percentage is even higher among people who work in management positions as well as students around exam-week.

　　Symptoms(征兆)include a lack of energy,depression,slow reactions,insomnia(失眠),agitation, and poor memory.Other symptoms include shortness of breath,sweating and aching in the waist and legs.

　　The key to preventing and recovering from sub-health,according to some medical experts,is to form good living habits, alternate work and rest, exercise regularly,and take part in open air activities.

　　As for meals,people are advised to eat less salt and sugar.They should also eat more fresh vegetables,fruits,fish because they are rich in nutritional elements?vitamins and trace elements(微量元素)—that are important to the body.

　　Nutrition experts point out that it is not good to eat too much at one meal because it may cause unhealthy changes in the digestive tract(消化道).They also say that a balanced diet is very helpful in avoiding sub-health.

　　1.When you are in a state of sub-health,you should ________.

　　A .stay home and keep silent

　　B. go to a doctor and buy some medicine

　　C. not consider it very serious

　　D. find out the reasons and relax yourself

　　提示:从全文可以看出，亚健康是身体对压力、疲劳的一种反应，即使最先进的仪器也查不出病因。所以不必去医院，也不必吃药，但是不能听之任之，不认真对待。正确的方法是找出原因、减轻压力、消除疲劳、平衡膳食。

　　答案:D

　　2.Middle-aged people may be easy to get sub-health because ________.

　　A. they have used up their energy

　　B. they have lost their living hopes

　　C. they have more pressure in life and work

　　D. they have changed their way of life

　　提示:亚健康的起因与疲劳有关系，但不是已将体力用完，排除A项。B、D两项文章没涉及。根据常识和第四段最后一句，我们也能判断正确答案为C项。

　　答案:C

　　3.The key to preventing you from falling into a state of sub-health is to ________.

　　A. keep on working regularly

　　B. go to sleep a bit earlier

　　C. form good living habits

　　D. take medicine if necessary

　　答案:C 文章倒数第三段第一句“…is to form good living habits”

　　4.The underlined word “alternate” in this passage is closest in meaning to ________.

　　A. arrange by turns

　　B. cause to take place

　　C. make up for

　　D. keep away from

　　答案:A 从文中可看出：形成好的生活习惯，要劳逸结合，即轮流工作与休息

　　阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

　　(2017·四川省绵阳市第三次诊断)

　　Chelyabinsk，Russia—A meteorite (陨石) moved quickly across the sky and exploded over central Russia on Feb.15,2017，raining fireballs over a vast area and causing a shock wave that smashed windows，damaged buildings and injured 1,200 people.

　　People heading

　　to work

　　in

　　Chelyabinsk

　　heard

　　what sounded like an explosion，saw a bright light and then felt the shock wave，according to a Reuters journalist in the industrial city 1,500 km east of Moscow.

　　The fireball，travelling at a speed of 30 km per second according to Russian space agency Roscosmos，had blazed (熊熊燃烧) across the horizon，leaving a long white trail that could be seen as far as 200 km away.

　　Car alarms went off，thousands of windows were broken and mobile phone networks were interrupted for a short time.The Interior Ministry said the meteorite explosion，a very rare spectacle，also released a great explosive sound.

　　“I was driving to work.It was quite dark，but it suddenly became bright as if it were day，” said Viktor Prokofiev,36，a resident of Yekaterinburg in the Urals Mountains.“I felt like I was blinded by headlights.”

　　The meteorite，which weighed about 10 tonnes and may have been made of iron，entered Earth’s atmosphere and broke apart 30 km­50 km above ground according to Russia’s

　　Academy of Sciences.

　　“The

　　energy

　　released

　　when

　　it

　　entered

　　the

　　Earth’s atmosphere was equal to a few kilotonnes，” the academy said，“the power of a small atomic weapon exploding.”

　　No deaths were reported but the Emergencies Ministry said

　　20,000 rescue and clean­up workers were sent to Urals Region after President Vladimir Putin

　　told Emergencies

　　Minister Vladimir Puchkov to ease and help the victims.

　　The Interior Ministry said about 1,200 people had been injured，at least 200 of them children，and most from broken pieces of glass.

　　1．What do we learn about the meteorite from the passage?

　　A．It is a very huge ball made of

　　iron.

　　B．It quickly broke apart on the ground.

　　C．It exploded over Russia’s Urals Region.

　　D．It’s similar to an A­bomb in weight.．The underlined word “smashed” in Para.1 is closest in meaning to “________”．

　　A．brokeB．melted

　　C．swallowed D．cleared

　　．We can know from the passage that ________.

　　A．Moscow is 1,500 kilometers away from the east of Chelyabinsk

　　B．many houses were destroyed，with lots of people reported missing

　　C．Viktor Prokofiev became blind after seeing the rare spectacle

　　D．the shock wave briefly influenced mobile phone networks

　　4．Which of the following can serve as the best title of the passage?

　　A．“Meteorite Rush” Begins in Russia

　　B．President Putin Orders Assistance

　　C．Meteorite Hits Russia,1,200 People Hurt

　　D．Meteorite Flies Quickly Across Russia

　　语篇解读　文章报道了陨石在俄罗斯乌拉尔地区爆炸，导致1 200人受伤的事件。

　　．解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“exploded over central Russia on Feb.15,2017”以及倒数第二段中的“rescue and clean­up workers were sent to Urals Region”可知，陨石在俄罗斯乌拉尔地区爆炸。

　　答案：　C

　　．解析：　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“causing a shock wave that smashed windows，damaged buildings and injured 1,200 people”以及第四段中的“thousands of windows were broken”可推知smashed与broke的意思最接近。

　　答案：　A

　　．解析：　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“mobile phone networks were interrupted for a short time”可知D项正确。

　　答案：　D

　　．解析：　主旨大意题。第一段是本则资讯的主旨，C项既点明了事件主题“陨石袭击俄罗斯”，又报道了其后果“1 200人受伤”，所以选C项。

　　答案：　C

　　【由江苏省盐城市2017模拟改编】

　　阅读理解。阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　Here’s a movie—a sharp, sugar-rush of fun that’s guaranteed to entertain the entire family. With some terrific computer-generated effects, a great cast and a fun-packed storyline, Robots is the best animated film (动画片) since The Incredibles. Yep, it really is that good. Set in a world populated by robots, Ewan McGregor plays Rodney Copperbottom, a young robot who leaves his small-town home to pursue his dream of becoming an inventor. But after arriving in Robot City, his hopes of getting a job at Bigweld Industries are destroyed when he learns the firm has been taken over by the evil Ratchet (Greg Kinnear). Egged on by his controlling mum, Madame Gasket (Jim Broadbent), Ratchet plans to reduce half of Robot City’s citizens to scrap metal by refusing to sell the spare parts they need to survive. Instead, he wants to make a fortune selling expensive upgrades that few can afford. As he says, “Why be you when you can be new?” 　Aided by a few misfit robots known as the Rustles—including Robin Williams as the cowardly' (胆小的）Fender (“I’m made of a metal called Afraidium”)—Rodney must track down the firm’s founder, Bigweld (Mel Brooks), and convince him to save the city from Ratchet’s plans. The first thing that’ll strike you about the movie is the thought that's gone into creating Robot City. It’s a wondrous world full of mechanical marvels including wind-up cars and walking streetlamps. Also terrific are the special effects. This might be an animated movie but at times you’ll catch yourself thinking it’s really a live-action film. 　Of course, there have been plenty of animated movies that looked the part but were let down by a weak storyline (see Shark Tale, for example). But Robots grips (扣人心弦) right from the start thanks to a heart-warming and thoroughly engaging plot that never bores. My only complaints are with Williams who, as usual，has a one-in-10 success rate with his jokes. Also a letdown is a romantic subplot between Rodney and a shapely robot called Cappy (Halle Berry) that doesn’t go anywhere. Complains aside, this is a mechanical marvel that’ll have you bolted firmly to your seat. BEST QUOTE(引述): Fender: “Even though you had a discouraging day, just remember there’s another one coming tomorrow.” BEST BIT: Check out those amazing images.

　　WORST BIT: Robin Williams, character does an unfunny Britney Spears dance routine. IF YOU LIKED…Ice Age, The Incredibles, Toy Story... YOU’LL LIKE THIS. 1、This piece of writing is a _______.

　　A．commercial advertisement B．film review

　　C．movie poster D．literary essay

　　The cast of Robots is made up of all the following actors or actresses EXCEPT _______.

　　A．Ewan McGregor B．Robin Williams

　　C．Britney Spears D．Halle Berry

　　What is Shark Tale an example of?

　　A．A great cast. B．A poor plot.

　　C．Special effects. D．Clumsy animation.

　　—3、BCB

　　短文改错

　　下面文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及单词的增加、删除或修改。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号,并在此符号下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用斜线划掉。

　　修改：在错词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

　　2.只允许修改10处，多者从第11处不计分。

　　Yesterday I showed to my friend Peter around Beijing city．We started off at 8： 00 a．m．First we went to the Forbidden City, which was one of the most popular tourist spot in Beijing．Then we visited the History Museum．We observed a lot of valuable things in them and we learned a lot about Chinese history．After a quick meal, we went to Beihai Park．Upon arrival, we were all struck by its beautiful scenes．We spent a whole afternoon appreciated the wonder．It was until 18： 00 p．m．that we went back．We did have a wonderful time．Peter was very pleased with my arrangement that he invited me to a new-built western restaurant to have a big meal．

　　【参考答案】4.Yesterday I showed to my friend Peter around Beijing city．We started off at 8： 00

　　a．m．First we went to the Forbidden City, which was one of the most popular tourist

　　is

　　spot in Beijing．Then we visited the History Museum．We observed a lot of valuable

　　spots

　　things in them and we learned a lot about Chinese history．After a quick meal, we went

　　it

　　to Beihai Park．Upon arrival, we were all struck by its beautiful scenes．We spent a

　　both

　　the

　　whole afternoon appreciated the wonder．It was ∧until 18： 00 p．m．that we went back．

　　appreciatWe did have a wonderful time．Peter was very pleased with my arrangement that he

　　so

　　invited me to a new-built western restaurant to have a big meal．

　　newly-built

　　短文改错

　　英语课上,老师要求同桌相互修改作文。假设以下便条为你同桌所写，请你对其进行修改。便条中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（^），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。

　　修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。

　　2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

　　3．必须按答题要求做题，否则不给分。

　　Today I was having a PE lesson while I fell down and hurt my foot. I was in greatly pain at that moment, but I tried to act as if nothing has happened until the class was over. Though I had difficulty walk back to my classroom, I still didn’t tell anyone but even refused the offer of help of my classmates. As result, the hurt in my foot became worse. Now I know I was wrong. We can tell others our need for help and accept his help. Some day we can not help others in return. In this way, we can get along to each other happily and peacefully.

　　【参考答案】5.

　　Today I was having a PE lesson while I fell down and hurt my foot. I was in

　　when

　　greatly pain at that moment, but I tried to act as if nothing has happened until

　　great

　　had

　　the class was over. Though I had difficulty walk back to my classroom, I

　　walking

　　still didn’t tell anyone but even refused the offer of help of my classmates.

　　and

　　As ∧result, the hurt in my foot became worse. Now I know I was wrong.

　　a

　　am

　　We can tell others our need for help and accept his help. Some day we can

　　their

　　not help others in return. In this way, we can get along to each other happily

　　去掉not

　　with

　　and peacefully.

　　短文改错

　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。

　　修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：1．每处错误及其修改均限一词。

　　2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

　　From the picture, we can see that there are many students are wearing glasses, that is，they are short-sighted．As we all know, which is important for everyone to keep good eyesight．But do you know how to protect your eyesight? First, don’t keep your eyes work for a long time．You’d better have rest after you have studied an hour or so．Second, pay much attention to the following．Don’t read under the sun or in a poor light; don’t to read in bed or in a moved bus．Third, do eye-exercise every day．It will also help you keep good eyesight．And last, you should have enough sleep．Only you obey the rules above can you prevent your eyesight from become short-sighted．

　　【参考答案】6.

　　1．students后（加who或去are ）

　　2．which（改it）

　　3．work（改working）

　　4．have后（加a）

　　5．under（改in） 6．don’t to（去掉to ）

　　7．moved（moving） 8．eye-exercise （改eye-exercises）

　　9．Only 后（加if）

　　10．become（改becoming）