2017届高考英语一轮课时跟踪检测：(三十八)《Inventors and inventions》（人教版选修8）

　　课时跟踪检测(三十八)　Inventors and inventions

　　.单项填空

　　1．(2017·石家庄市高三模拟)—Tony, do remember to send the report to the sales manager!

　　—________.

　　A．Made it 　B．Got it

　　C．Heard it

　　D．Followed it

　　2．(2017·西安高三模拟)Since we are parents, we ________ looking after all the family members.

　　A．are burdened

　　B．bear the burden of

　　C．burden ourselves

　　D．put a burden on

　　3．(2017·皖南八校第三次联考)It is important to ________ between the rules of grammar and the conventions of written language.

　　A．determine

　　B．identify

　　C．explore

　　D．distinguish

　　4．(2017·湖南省部分重点中学联考)Don't be discouraged. Take things ________ they are and you will enjoy every day of your life.

　　A．where

　　B．as

　　C．when

　　D．since

　　5．(2017·石家庄高中复习教学质检)We need a(n) ________ team leader who can really motivate the members to work harder.

　　A．odd

　　B．cautious

　　C．dynamic

　　D．conventional

　　6．(2017·武汉市武昌区高三联考)The winner of the 2017 Nobel Prize in Literature, Mo Yan, said he

　　did not have high ________ of winning.Actually, he thought he had a

　　slim chance to win.

　　A．assumptions

　　B．expectations

　　C．satisfactions

　　D．impressions

　　7．(2017·湖北襄阳高三调研)My mother is too old to live on her own, so we're fixing up the

　　________ room for her.

　　A．ultimate

　　B．arbitrary

　　C．spare

　　D．valid

　　8．(2017·德州模拟)Don't feel guilty about it. Anyone ________ make mistakes in their life.

　　A．must

　　B．can

　　C．shall

　　D．need

　　9．(2017·山西汾阳中学月考)When people think of this brand, they always ________ it with good quality.

　　A．associate

　　B．advertise

　　C．combine

　　D．trade

　　10．(2017·江西宜春市模拟)After further education in London, his knowledge and ________ were finally recognized by his employer.

　　A．consciousness

　　B．competence

　　C．conservation

　　D．convenience

　　11．Among the group of polite people, his rough manner was ________.

　　A．out of order

　　B．out of control

　　C．out of place

　　D．out of touch

　　12．(2017·成都第一次诊断)French Foreign Minister Laurent Fabius on Monday ________ international support for his operation to help Mali quash Islamist rebels.

　　A．called up

　　B．called for

　　C．called out

　　D．called in

　　13．(2017·杭州市高三二模)________ good use of learning resources such as the website and library, and you will make great progress.

　　A．To make

　　B．Making

　　C．Make

　　D．Having made

　　14．Your ideas are very interesting, but we need ________ suggestions to get us out of the mess.

　　A．impressive

　　B．similar

　　C．practical

　　D．traditional

　　15．—When will we meet at the entrance to the cinema?

　　—Will three o'clock be ________ for you?

　　A．convenient

　　B．frequent

　　C．comfortable

　　D．flexible

　　.阅读理解

　　(2017·宿州高三第一次模拟测试)Scientists at Harvard University and Bates College find female chimpanzees (黑猩猩) appear to treat sticks as dolls, carrying them around until they have children of their own. Young males engage in such behavior much less frequently.

　　The new work by Sonya M. Kahlenberg and Richard W. Wrangham, described this week in the journal Current Biology, provides the first evidence of a wild non­human species playing with dolls, as well as the first known sex difference in a wild animal's choice of playthings.

　　The two researchers say their work adds to a growing body of evidence that human children are probably born with their own ideas of how they want to behave, rather than simply mirroring other girls who play with dolls and boys who play with trucks. Doll play among humans could have its origins in object­carrying by earlier apes (猿类), they say, suggesting that toy selection is probably not due entirely to socialization.

　　“In humans, there are obvious sex differences in children's toy play, and these are remarkably similar across cultures，” says Kahlenberg. “While socialization by elders and peers has been the primary explanation, our work suggests that biology may also have an important role to play in activity preferences.”

　　In 14 years of data on chimpanzee behavior at the Kibale National Park in Uganda，Kahlenberg and Wrangham counted more than 100 examples of stick­carrying.

　　Some young chimpanzees carried sticks into the nest to sleep with them and on one occasion built a separate nest for the stick. “We have seen juveniles occasionally carrying sticks for many years, and because they sometimes treated them rather like dolls, we wanted to know if in general this behavior tended to represent something like playing with dolls，” says Wrangham, a Professor at Harvard. “If the doll hypothesis (假设) was right, we thought that females should carry sticks more than males do, and that the chimpanzees should stop carrying sticks when they had their first child. We have now watched enough young chimpanzees to prove both points.”

　　1．What does a female chimpanzee do with sticks?

　　A．She gives them to her child to play with.

　　B．She treats them as weapons.

　　C．She treats them as dolls.

　　D．She makes useful tools from them.

　　2．What causes the different toy selection of chimpanzees, according to the passage?

　　A．Socialization.　B．Sex difference.

　　C．Environment.

　　D．Cultural difference.

　　3．We can infer from the fourth paragraph that ________.

　　A．socialization has nothing to do with human's choice of playthings

　　B．the biology factor may also influence toy choice

　　C．sex difference is the only factor in human's choice of playthings

　　D．people choose different toys in different cultures

　　4．Wrangham probably believes that ________.

　　A．observing so many chimpanzees has been enough for them to make a conclusion

　　B．the study proves human beings have evolved (进化)from chimpanzees

　　C．all chimpanzees treat the sticks as dolls

　　D．children playing with sticks are abnormal

　　Ⅲ.书面表达

　　(2017·芜湖一模)最近，“中国式过马路”成为网友热议的话题。下面的漫画反映了部分中国人闯红灯过马路的现象。请根据漫画内容用英语写一篇短文。

　　内容要求：1.描述漫画内容；

　　2．分析出现这种现象的原因；

　　3．发表个人观点。

　　注意：1.短文标题与开头已给出，不计入总词数；

　　2．考生可适当发挥，使文章内容充实、连贯；

　　3．词数120左右；

　　4．文中不能出现考生的具体信息。

　　参考词汇：行人：pedestrian；违规者：jaywalker

　　Chinese style of crossing the road

　　Recently, a heated debate arose online in China about the Chinese style of crossing the road.

　　________________________________________________________________________

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　　答

　　案

　　Ⅰ.1.选B　句意：“Tony，记住将报告送给销售经理。”“明白。 ”Got it表示“明白；懂了”。

　　2．选B　句意：既然我们是父母，就要承担起照顾家人的责任。若选A、C两项，应分别改为are burdened with, burden ourselves with才正确。D项意为“使……担负”，用于put a burden on sb.结构。

　　3．选D　句意：区分语法规则和语言书面语中的习惯用法很重要。determine“决心；决定”；identify“确认”；explore “探究；探索”；distinguish“区别；辨别”，distinguish between

　　...and

　　...＝distinguish

　　...from

　　...，意为“区别/区分/辨别……与……”，符合语境。

　　4．选B　句意：不要泄气。顺其自然，你就会享受生活中的每一天。as引导方式状语从句，意为“照……方式”。

　　5．选C　句意：我们需要一个充满活力的团队领导，能真正激励成员们更加努力地工作。odd“奇特的；古怪的”；cautious“谨慎的；小心的”；dynamic“充满活力的”；conventional“常规的；传统的”。根据句意可知C项正确。

　　6．选B　句意：2017年诺贝尔文学奖的获得者莫言说他对得奖的期望不高。实际上，他认为他得奖的可能性不大。根据句意可知expectations“期望”正确。assumption“假设；假定”；satisfaction“满足；满意”；impression“印象”。

　　7．选C　句意：我的妈妈年纪大了，以至于她不能独自生活，因此我们正在装修闲置的房间给她住。这里用spare，表示“闲置的；不用的”。ultimate“极端的；最后的”；arbitrary“武断的；任意的”；valid“有效的”。

　　8．选B　句意：不要有什么负罪感。任何人在生活中都会犯错。情态动词can在此表示“理论上的可能性(但此事未必真的会发生)”，意为“可能会”，符合语意语境。故答案选B。

　　9．选A　句意：每当人们想起这个牌子，他们总是会把它和高质量联系在一起。associate with“联想起”，此处表示想起这个品牌就联想起高质量，符合语境。advertise“为……做广告”；combine“使……相结合”；trade“用……进行交换”。

　　10．选B　句意：在伦敦进修之后，他的知识和能力终于得到了雇主的认可。A项意为“意识；知觉；觉悟”；B项意为“能力；胜任”；C项意为“保存；保护”；D项意为“便利；方便”。根据句中关键词“further education”和“recognized by his employer”可知，competence符合语境，故答案选B。

　　11．选C　句意：在这些文雅人中，他那粗鲁的举止很不协调。out of place “不适合的；不相称的”，符合句意。out of order “紊乱；次序颠倒”； out of control “失去控制”； out of touch “失去联系”。

　　12．选B　句意：法国外交部长Laurent Fabius呼吁国际社会支持他对马里镇压伊斯兰叛军的帮助。call for“呼吁；要求”，符合句意。call up“给(某人)打电话”；call out“大声呼叫；呼唤”；call in“召来；叫来”。

　　13．选C　句意：要充分利用像网站、图书馆等的资源，你就会取得很大的进步。

　　14．选C　句意：你的主意非常有趣，但我们需要实际的建议以使我们摆脱困境。impressive“给人印象深刻的”；similar“相似的”；practical“实际的”；traditional“传统的”。故选C。

　　15．选A　be convenient for sb.“对某人方便/合适”。frequent“频繁的”；comfortable“舒服的”；flexible“灵活的”。

　　Ⅱ.1.选C　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“... female Chimpanzees (黑猩猩) appear to treat sticks as dolls ...”可知，雌性黑猩猩会把棍子当作自己的玩偶。故选C项。

　　2．选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“as well as the first known sex difference ... playthings.”可知，性别差异是导致黑猩猩玩具选择差异的主要原因。故选B项。

　　3．选B　推理判断题。根据第四段倒数第一句“our work suggests that biology may also have an important role to play in activity preferences.”可知，这两位科学家的研究表明：生物学因素也可能影响黑猩猩对玩具的偏好。故选B项。

　　4．选A　推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“We have now watched enough young chimpanzees to prove both points.”可推断，A项正确。

　　Ⅲ.参考范文：

　　Chinese style of crossing the road

　　Recently, a heated debate arose online in China about the Chinese style of crossing the road. As is shown in the picture, a large crowd of people are crossing the road regardless of red lights,

　　which prevents the vehicles from moving forward even at the sight of green lights.

　　Various reasons might account for pedestrians to run

　　traffic lights. Some people believe it is not against traffic laws and won't be fined because so many people do it together. Others may argue that traffic lights are not arranged scientifically, so that they have to wait too long before they can cross the road.

　　In my opinion, the jaywalkers should be severely punished. Most important of all, people should be educated to obey laws from childhood. Start out small and develop a good sense and habit of observing laws. Only by improving people's safety and law awareness can we create a harmonious society.