2017届高考英语一轮阅读与理解训练（11）（北师大版）

　　[学 以 致 用]

　　Wilderness

　　(2017·北京卷阅读理解D篇)“In wilderness(荒野)is the preservation of the world.”This is a famous saying from a writer regarded as one of the fathers of environ­mentalism.The frequency with which it is borrowed mirrors a heated debate on environmental protection：whether to place wilderness at the heart of what is to be preserved.

　　As John Sauven of Greenpeace UK points out， there is

　　a strong appeal in images of the wild，the untouched；more than anything else，they speak of the nature that many people value most dearly.The urge to leave the subject of such images untouched is strong，and the danger exploitation (开发)brings to such landscapes(景观)is real.Some of these wildernesses also perform functions that humans need—the rainforests，for example，store carbon in vast quantities.To Mr.Sauven，these“ecosystem services”far outweigh the gains from exploitation.

　　Lee Lane，a visiting fellow at the Hudson Institute， takes the opposing view.He acknowledges that wildernesses do provide useful services，such as water conservation.But that is

　　not，he argues，a

　　reason

　　to

　　avoid

　　all

　　human presence，or indeed commercial and industrial exploitation.There are ever more people on the Earth，and they reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives，rather than

　　merely struggle for survival.While the ways of using resources have improved，there is still a growing need for raw

　　materials，and some wildernesses contain them in abundance.If they can be tapped without reducing the services those wildernesses provide，the argument goes，there is no further reason not to do so.Being untouched is not，in itself，a characteristic worth valuing above all others.

　　I look forward to seeing these views taken further，and to their being challenged by the other participants.One

　　challenge that suggests itself to me is that both cases need to take on the question of spiritual value a little more directly.And there is a practical question as to whether wildernesses can be exploited without harm.

　　This is a topic that calls for not only free expression of feelings，but also the guidance of reason.What position wilderness should enjoy in the preservation of the world obviously deserves much more serious thinking.

　　Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?

　　CP：Central Point　P：Point　Sp：Sub­point(次要点)

　　C：Conclusion

　　答案　D　[文章第一段提出中心论点；第二、三两段分别阐述了两种不同的观点；第四段是作者自己的观点；最后一段是文章的结论。]