语境提示法
语境提示法是解答介词类试题最常用的方法,要注意熟记介词的一些基本用法,更要注意一词多义。
1.(2017·新课标全国卷Ⅱ)A serious study of physics is impossible ________ some knowledge of mathematics.
A.againstB.before
C.beyond
D.without
解析:选D 考查介词辨析。句意:没有一些数学知识,不可能有严谨的物理研究。without在此表示条件。
2.(2017·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)It was a real race ________ time to get the project done.Luckily, we made it.
A.over
B.by
C.for
D.against
解析:选D 考查介词辨析。句意:为了完成这个项目,我们简直是在和时间赛跑啊。幸运的是,我们做到了。against表示“与……比赛”,符合句意。
3.(2017·北京高考)Do you think this shirt is too tight ________ the shoulders?
A.at
B.on
C.to
D.across
解析:选D 考查介词。句意:你觉得这件衬衣的肩部是不是太紧了?across表示“从一边到另一边”,符合句意。
近几年常考的介词中,一词多义或较难的有:
1.against
(表示方位)倚靠着……; (表示态度)反对;(表示对比)以……为背景
An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are against it.(2017·陕西高考)
看来意见达成一致是不可能了,因为大多数委员会成员都表示反对。
2.off
(表示位置)在……的外面,在……的沿海; (表示方向)偏离;从……离开
The Well Hotel stands in a quiet place off the main road at the far end of the lake.(2017·辽宁高考)
Well Hotel坐落于湖尽头的大路附近一个非常安静的地方。
3.over
(表示位置)在……的正上方,在……的上面; (表示方向)越过;(表示等级或数目)高于,在……之上,超过;(表示时间或过程)在……期间
I'm sorry I didn't phone you, but I've been very busy over the past couple of weeks.(2011·山东高考)
很抱歉我没有给您打电话,但是在过去的两周里我一直很忙。
4.beyond
(表示位置)在……另一边,在……更远处; (表示程度)超出,非……所能及
Everybody was touched beyond words after they heard her moving story.(2009·全国卷Ⅰ)
听了她感人的故事,大家都被感动的无以言表。
5.with
(表示关系)和……在一起;(表示状态)具有,带有;(表示方式)用……,凭借……;(表示对象)关于 ……;(表示伴随)随着;(表示原因)由于,因为
The dictionary is what I want, but I don't have enough money with me.(2010·重庆高考)
这本词典是我想要的东西,但我身上没带那么多钱。
6.through
(表示位置)穿过;(表示时间)整个……;(表示手段、媒介)依据,经由
Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you through the tough years.(2010·重庆高考)
毕业时是向那些在艰难岁月里帮助过你的人表示感谢的好机会。
固定搭配法
固定搭配中介词(短语)的考查是重点,主要包括与动词、名词、形容词的搭配。因此多留意一些短语中介词的使用非常重要。
1.(2017·山东高考)The Smiths are praised ________ the way they bring up their children.
A.from
B.by
C.at
D.for
解析:选D 考查介词。句意:史密斯夫妇因其教养孩子的方式而受到赞扬。be praised for ...是固定搭配,意为“因……而受到赞扬”。
2.(2017·安徽高考)Before you pay a visit to a place of interest, look in your local library ________ a book about it.
A.on
B.at
C.for
D.to
解析:选C 考查介词和动词的搭配。句意:在你到某一旅游胜地参观之前,先在你们当地的图书馆找一本与之相关的书看看。本题考查的是look for短语,因为in your local library这一地点状语提前插入其中,从而增加了试题的难度。实际上,后半句是由look for a book about it in your local library演变而来的。故选C。
3.(2017·江苏高考)I am always delighted when I receive an email from you.________ the party on July 1st I shall be pleased to attend.
A.On account of
B.In response to
C.In view of
D.With regard to
解析:选D 考查介词短语辨析。句意:收到你的电子邮件,我总是很开心。至于七月一日的聚会,我很乐意参加。根据句意可知,with regard to“关于,至于”正确。on account of“由于,因为”;in response to“响应,对……有反应”;in view of“鉴于,考虑到”。
4.(2017·辽宁高考)________ everyone here, I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country.
A.By means of
B.On behalf of
C.In search of
D.For fear of
解析:选B 考查介词短语辨析。句意:我代表在场的所有人祝您归国旅途愉快。on behalf of“代表”,符合句意。by means of“借助……手段”;in search of“寻找”;for fear of“唯恐”。
介词的固定搭配考查有两种:一是考查固定搭配中的介词;二是考查介词短语。近五年考查到的介词(短语)的固定搭配有:
1.in
in the meanwhile
同时
in the way
阻挡
in time 及时;最终
in detail
详细地
in favour of
同意
in case
以免;万一
in return
作为回报
in exchange for
用以交换……
2.for
be praised for
因为……受到表扬
for life
终生
for the benefit of
为了……的利益
as for
就……而论;关于
be trained for
被训练为……
for lack of
由于缺乏……
3.on
on behalf of 代表
on the contrary 相反
on condition that ...
以……作为条件
4.with
have an appointment with
与……有约会
with regard to
关于
5.above
above average
在平均数以上
above all
首先;最重要的是
6.by
by chance
偶然;碰巧
by name
用名字
7.from
apart from 除……之外
far from
远非
8.against
warn sb. against (doing) sth. 警告某人不要做某事
9.out of
out of control
失去控制
out of place
不在合适的位置;不适当的
out of one's reach
某人够不着的地方
out of the question
不可能
out of question
毫无疑问
①I have an appointment with Dr. Smith, but I need to change it.(2017·北京高考)
我和史密斯医生有个约会,但我需要改一下。
②You can change your job, you can move house, but friendship is meant to be for life.(2017·安徽高考)
你可以换工作,可以搬家,但友谊却可以终生受用。
③Apart from good service, the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes.
除了良好的服务,本饭店还提供不同种类的传统闽菜。
1.(2017·兰州市高三二模)Look at this year's sales figures ________ last year's; they're much better.
A.against
B.from
C.with
D.between
解析:选A 句意:看看今年与去年的销量对比,今年要好多了。此处against表示对比,意为“以……为背景”。
2.(2017·陕西省长安一中模拟)—Have you made an apology ________ him ________ breaking his window?
—Yes, I have.
A.for; to
B.to; to
C.for; for
D.to; for
解析:选D 考查短语make an apology to sb. for sth.“因为某事向某人道歉”。句意:“你打破了他的窗子向他道歉了吗?”“是的,我道歉了。”
3.(2017·江西赣中四校高三第二次联考)A special title
was awarded to Zhang Lili, an ordinary Chinese teacher, ________ her act of bravery to rescue two students at the risk of her own life.
A.in favor of
B.in place of
C.in honor of
D.in terms of
解析:选C 考查介词短语。句意:张丽莉——一位普通的语文教师,被授予一个特殊的称号,以表彰她冒着生命危险挽救两名学生的英勇事迹。in favor of“支持,拥护”;in place of“代替”;in honor of“纪念;表彰”;in terms of“谈及;就……而言”。故选C。
4.(2017·济南一中模拟)After graduation, Frank often thought of those who had helped him ________ his school life.
A.of
B.across
C.at
D.through
解析:选D 句意:毕业后,弗朗克经常想起那些帮他度过了学校生活的人们。此处through意为“经历,度过”,符合题意。
5.(2017·潍坊市高三二模)Parents are advised to take pressure ________ their children and give them some encouragement before an exam.
A.off
B.over
C.from
D.to
解析:选A 句意:建议父母在考试前给孩子们减压,并且给他们一些鼓励。take ... off/out of意为“把……从……中除去”。
6.(2017·滨州市一模) ________ contents, Mo Yan frequently writes about his own hometown, Gaomi, Shandong Province.
A.In terms of
B.Regardless of
C.According to
D.In addition to
解析:选A 句意:就内容来说,莫言经常写到他的家乡,山东省高密市。in terms of“就……而言”;regardless of“无论;不管”;according to“按照”;in addition to“除……之外还……”。
国内英语资讯:Top Chinese climate envoy stresses south-south cooperation at COP23
国际英语资讯:Death toll rises to 6 in Tehama shooting after gunmans wife found killed
体坛英语资讯:Sock upsets Zverev to enter last four at ATP Finals
国内英语资讯:Economic Watch: Chinas economy on steady track despite softened momentum
国内英语资讯:Spotlight: China, Philippines agree to enhance positive momentum in ties
体坛英语资讯:Chinese pairs clinch final spots at ITTF Swedish Open
体坛英语资讯:Mascherano injury possible headache for Barca
国际英语资讯:News Analysis: Portugals new govt enjoys favorable position, but faces challenges ahead
德里受雾霾重击 连抗霾直升机也被打败
国际英语资讯:U.S. environmental groups react loudly to South Dakota oil spill
单身女性比男性更快乐
英国游客在威尼斯被“宰” 天价午餐花掉近500欧
62岁的憨豆先生又当爹!新女友还演过凯特王妃
张培基英译散文赏析之《雨前》
国际英语资讯:Feature: New medical university campus boosts Milans bid to host EU Medicines Agency
国际英语资讯:Preventive diplomacy helps avoid disputes: Kuwaiti FM
国内英语资讯:Political advisors offer suggestions to Chinas grain pricing reform
国际英语资讯:Zimbabwes Mugabe to meet army chief for second time on Sunday: state media
最新研究表明 学生在健身上的支出大幅增加
国际英语资讯:Security Council fails to adopt U.S.-drafted resolution on chemical attacks probe in Syria
国内英语资讯:Belt and Road Initiative vital to boost ASEANs connectivity: Cambodian official
内蒙古阿拉善左旗高级中学2017-2018学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷
国际英语资讯:UN voices commitment to support transitional govt in Sudan
那些英国人最爱的俚语,你知道几个?(二)
国内英语资讯:New EU anti-dumping law not in compliance with WTO rules: commerce ministry
国际英语资讯:AU urges Zimbabwe to address political crisis lawfully
智能美容镜 诚实告诉你有多“丑”
津巴布韦军方否认军事接管政府
国际英语资讯:Iraqi forces liberate last IS urban stronghold
国内英语资讯:Vice Premier stresses reform, innovation to revive NE industrial base
不限 |
英语教案 |
英语课件 |
英语试题 |
不限 |
不限 |
上册 |
下册 |
不限 |