2017高考英语人教版一轮学案：必修二 Unit1　Cultural relics

　　Unit 1　Cultural relics

　　Part1

　　1、survive vi.

　　根据语境猜词义

　　(1) He survived his sister by five years.

　　(2) I don't know you all manage to survive on Jack's salary.

　　(3) I don't think I could survive another year as a teacher.

　　(4) Did anyone survive the air crash?

　　根据语义找匹配

　　比……活得长　

　　B. 靠……维持生活　

　　C. 从……中逃生；从……幸存下来　

　　D. 从(困难中)挺过来

　　(1) A　(2) B　(3) D　(4) C

　　survivor n. 生还者；幸存者

　　survival n. 存活，幸存

　　1、survive vi.

　　survive sth. 在……之后仍然生存；从……中逃生

　　survive sb. (by…)比……活得长(……年)

　　survive on sth. 靠……存活下来

　　survive from…从……存活下来；流传下来

　　用survive的正确形式填空

　　Mr. Green was the only (1) survivor who (2) survived the earthquake (在地震中幸存). He told us he (3) survived on a bottle of mineral water. Everyone said his (4) survival

　　was a miracle.

　　“在……中幸存，战胜……而存活”，survive后无需加介词in或from。

　　2、 light v. n．&adj.

　　根据语境猜词义

　　(1) Our classrooms take great advantage of the natural light.

　　(2) The stage was lit by bright spotlights.

　　(3) Take your light blue jacket; anyway, it's light.

　　(4) With a lighted candle, she walked along the corridor to her bedroom.

　　(5) Her face was lit by a smile.

　　(6) He gave me a light touch on the shoulder.

　　根据语义找匹配

　　A.点燃的　B. 照亮　C. 光　D. 浅色的　

　　E. 轻便的　F. 容光焕发　G. 轻的

　　(1)C　(2) B　(3) D; E　(4) A

　　(5) F　(6) G

　　light n. 灯，光，光线；

　　adj. 轻便的；浅色的；vt. 点燃，照亮

　　lighted adj. 点燃的

　　lighting n. 照明

　　lightly adv. 轻轻地

　　lighten v. 减轻

　　light­headed adj. 神志不清的；头晕的

　　lighthouse n. 灯塔

　　2、 light v. n．&adj.

　　by the light of… 借助……的光

　　traffic light (交通)红绿灯

　　with a light heart 无忧无虑 bring…to light 将……曝光

　　翻译句子

　　(1)The beautiful city was bathed in the soft light of dawn.

　　美丽的城市沐浴在黎明的柔光中。

　　(2)We headed for the destination at first light next morning.

　　第二天清晨我们迎着黎明的第一缕阳光朝目的地而去。(3)It's been a hard few years, but we're finally beginning to see the light at the end of tunnel.

　　历尽数年艰辛，我们终于见到了曙光。

　　(4)The warm spring gave him a light kiss on the cheek.

　　和煦的春风轻轻地吻在他的脸上。

　　(5)The classroom was brightly lit.

　　教室里灯火通明。

　　(6)Suddenly a smile lit up her face.

　　她的脸上突然绽放出笑容。

　　巧记：

　　He lit a candle and the lighted candle lit the room.

　　light作动词在本句中有两种意思，第一个是“点燃”之意；第二个是“照亮”之意。当作定语时，只用lighted，不用lit。

　　你知道lighted, burnt与burning作形容词有何区别吗？试做下题：

　　()He felt his way to the cave with a ______candle and he put away the ______ candle in his bag.

　　A. lighted; burnt

　　B. lighted; burning

　　C. lighting; burnt

　　D. lighting; burning

　　A　lighted作定语，表示“点着的”意思；burning也是“点着的”意思，可与lighted互换，而burnt则是“着过的”意思，说明已经灭了。根据语境答案应是A。

　　3、consider v.

　　根据语境猜词义

　　(1) Any reasonable offer will be considered.

　　(2) Liz Quinn was considered as an excellent teacher.

　　(3) God, you are so selfish! You've got to learn to consider other people.

　　根据语义找匹配：A. 认为　B. 体贴　C. 考虑

　　(1) C　(2) A　(3) B

　　considerable adj. 相当大(多)的

　　considerate adj. 考虑周到的，体贴的

　　consideration n. 考虑，体谅

　　considering prep. 鉴于，考虑到consider doing sth. 考虑做某事

　　consider＋sb. doing sth. 考虑某人做某事

　　consider sb./sth.

　　consider＋疑问词＋to do sth.

　　consider sb. to have done sth. 认为某人已经做了某事

　　to be＋n. /adj.

　　as＋n. 认为某人/某物是……be under consideration 在考虑中

　　take sth. into consideration 把……考虑进去

　　the first consideration 头等大事

　　consider it ＋形容词＋ to do sth.…

　　认为做某事是……

　　considering…考虑到……(作状语)

　　单项填空

　　()(1) The students are considering him ______ them English.

　　A. teach

　　B. to teach

　　C. teaching

　　D. will teach

　　C　考查非谓语动词。consider后要求接v.­ing形式，即便后有sb.也必须使用v.­ing形式，答案是C。

　　()(2) ______ her age, she isn't equal to doing the job.

　　A. To consider

　　B. Considering

　　C. Considered

　　D. Consider

　　B　考查非谓语动词。consider作状语，一般使用v.­ing形式，所以答案是B。

　　()(3) Columbus is considered ______ the New World.

　　A. discovering

　　B. to discover

　　C. to have discovered

　　D. discovered

　　C　考查非谓语动词。根据语境，它所表达的是：认为某人已经做了某事，使用consider sb. to have done sth.，所以答案是C。

　　完成句子

　　(4)These workers are considered (as) high­risk group.

　　(5)It was considerate of you not to play the piano while I was sleeping.

　　(6)Taking everything into consideration, she decided to work in Tibet.

　　4、fancy n. v．&adj.

　　根据语境猜词义

　　(1) Some singers like to wear fancy clothes.

　　(2) I can't fancy her doing such a silly thing.

　　(3) She said she wanted a dog but it was only a passing fancy.

　　根据语义找匹配

　　A. 奇想；空想　B. 想象　C. 奇特的，异样的

　　(1) C　(2) B　(3) A

　　4、fancy n. v．&adj.

　　fancy n. 想要；爱好；adj.空想的；奇特的；

　　vt. 想象；设想fancy (one's) doing sth. 想象(某人)做某事

　　fancy sb. (to be)…认为某人……

　　fancy sb. as…认为某人是……

　　fancy＋that­clause以为……

　　have a fancy for爱好，迷恋

　　catch/take sb.'s fancy合某人的心意；吸引某人

　　take a fancy to sb. /sth. 喜欢上/爱上某人/物

　　fancy dress聚会时所穿的奇装异服

　　fancy oneself (as sth.)自命不凡，自负

　　单项填空

　　()(1) We should fancy him______ our friend.

　　A. to

　　B. as

　　C. for

　　D. in

　　4、fancy n. v．&adj.

　　B　考查fancy sb. as/(to be)。

　　()(2) Fancy______ you here! What are you doing here?

　　A. meet

　　B. to meet

　　C. meeting

　　D. met

　　C　考查非谓语动词。fancy后只接v.­ing形式，所以答案是C。

　　巧记：绕口令 Fancy Nancy didn't fancy doing fancy work. But fancy Nancy's auntie did fancy Nancy doing fancy work.

　　5、doubt n．&v.

　　根据语境猜词义

　　(1) He is without_doubt the cleverest student I've ever taught.

　　(2) I don't doubt that he's a brilliant scientist, but can he teach?

　　(3) I doubt whether he'll come.

　　(4) If anyone doubts my ability to handle this, they should say so.

　　根据语义找匹配

　　A.不信任，对……没有信心　B. 怀疑，不确信　

　　C. 认为(某事)未必可能　D. 确实

　　(1) D　(2) B　(3) C　(4) A

　　doubtful adj. 有疑问的；难以预料的

　　doubtless adj. 无疑的；肯定的

　　without/ beyond doubt确定地；无疑地

　　be in doubt (about) 对……不太有把握；对……不确定

　　There is no doubt about sth. / that… 毫无疑问……

　　I don't doubt that…我肯定……(＝I'm sure/certain that…)

　　I doubt if/whether… 我不确定……(＝I'm not sure/certain if/whether…)

　　if / when in doubt 如无把握；如有怀疑

　　单项填空

　　()______ is no doubt that we will realize our dream of passing the entrance exam.

　　A. It

　　B. This

　　C. As

　　D. There

　　D　考查句型搭配。它所构成的基本句型为There is no doubt that…所以答案是D。

　　6、worth adj.&n.

　　根据语境感悟句型

　　(1)The new car cost a lot of money, but it's certainly worth_it.

　　买这辆新汽车花了很多钱， 但确实物有所值。

　　(2)The thieves stole 1_million_pounds_worth_of jewellery.

　　窃贼偷走了价值100万英镑的珠宝。

　　(3)There is about a_week's_worth_of work left.

　　还剩下约一周的工作。

　　(4)It's worth_the_hard_work you put in when you see so many happy students.

　　当你看到那么多高兴的学生们时，你就会觉得所有的付出都是值得的。

　　(5)The book is of great value. It is well_worth_reading.

　　这本书非常有价值，很值得一看。

　　(1)be worth it ……是值得的

　　(2)$1,000 worth of sth. 价值1000美元的……

　　(3)ten minutes' worth of sth.

　　需要十分钟时间做完某事；可维持/使用十分钟的某物

　　(4)It's worth the time/ effort. 所付出的时间/努力是值得的。

　　(5)be worth doing sth.值得(做某事); 有(做某事)的价值

　　worth n. 价值； 用处

　　worthy n. 要人；知名人士 adj. 值得尊敬的；值得赞赏的

　　worthless adj. 无价值的；不重要的

　　worthwhile/worth/worthy

　　worthwhile意为“值得的”，指花时间、精力、金钱等去做某事是值得的。常见搭配：

　　It's worthwhile doing sth;

　　It's worthwhile sb. doing sth.;

　　It's worthwhile for sb. to do sth.

　　worth表示“价值……”时，后接价值数量词；当表示“值得”时，后接名词、代词或动名词(不能接不定式)，常用well修饰，不用very。

　　worthy表示“有价值的；可尊敬的”时，常作定语；表示“值得”时，常作表语，结构为 worthy of sth., worthy后面还可接动名词或不定式，结构分别是worthy of being done和worthy to be done。

　　用worth/worthy/worthwhile填空

　　(1)This vase was worth five hundred francs at the most.

　　(2)Everybody has roots. It is worthwhile to search for his roots.

　　(3)She proved herself a worthy successor of the former champion.

　　(4)This book is well worth reading and it is worthy of being read a second time.

　　单项填空

　　()(5)The scenery of Huangshan Mountain is so fantastic that it's worth______.

　　A. to visit

　　B. visiting

　　C. being visited

　　D. to be visited

　　B　考查句型搭配。be worth后接v.­ing形式，不能使用其被动式，所以答案是B。

　　巧记：This article is well_worth_reading and it's worthwhile_recommending it, but it is not worthy_to_be_translated.

　　7、 remain v.

　　根据语境猜词义

　　(1) After school, all of the students left the classroom, only he remained.

　　(2) When Bush became President, his second son remained a worker.

　　根据语义找匹配：A. 仍然是　B. 留下

　　(1) B　(2) A

　　remains n. 剩余物；废墟

　　remaining adj. 剩余的

　　It remains to be seen 还有待于观察

　　It remains for sb. to do sth. 某人所要做的只是……

　　There remains… 剩下

　　sth. remain to be done 某事有待于被做……

　　单项填空

　　()(2008·辽宁)Please remain______； the winner of the prize will be announced soon.

　　A. Seating

　　B. seated

　　C. to seat

　　D. to be seated

　　B　此题考查动词的非谓语形式。remain为系动词，意为“保持，仍是，尚待”，后面接名词、形容词、分词、不定式或介词短语。句意：“请保持就座，这个奖的获胜者就要宣布了。”seat用作及物动词，“让某人坐”是 somebody be seated 或seat somebody/oneself, 可以用sitting代替seated。

　　你知道remaining与left的区别吗？

　　()The only ______question is whether we can raise the money.

　　A. remaining

　　B. remained C. leaving

　　D. left

　　A　remaining作定语要前置，而left作定语要后置。remained与leaving不用作定语，所以答案是A。

　　8、belong to

　　根据语境猜词义

　　(1) Put the magazine back where it belongs after reading.

　　(2) Do you belong_to the English club?

　　(3) The film belongs_to a rich comic tradition.

　　根据语义找匹配

　　A. 与……有关　B. 应处在……　C. 是……的成员

　　(1) B　(2) C　(3) A

　　belongings n. 财产；所有物；相关事物

　　belong to 属于……；是……的一部分；是……的成员

　　belong in 某人/某物处在适当的位置；在这个地方正合适/有用

　　单项填空

　　()(1) Wild animals like this doesn't belong ______a zoo — they should be allowed to go free.

　　A. to

　　B. in

　　C. at

　　D. for

　　B　考查动词搭配。belong to 属于；belong in 处在合适的地方。根据语境：像这样的野生动物放在这儿不合适，所以答案是B。

　　()(2) — Could you lend me the computer?

　　— Sorry, the computer ______me is under repair.

　　A. belonged to

　　B. belonging to

　　C. belonged

　　D. belonging

　　8、belong to

　　B　考查非谓语动词和动词的搭配。belong作为“属于”讲时是不及物动词，其后接介词to，作定语时，只用v.­ing形式，所以答案是B。

　　(1)不要受汉语的影响而在belong前多加be动词。

　　(2)belong to后接宾格代词，不要受汉语影响而用名词性物主代词。

　　(3)没有进行时和被动语态。

　　9、think highly of ＝ have a good opinion of

　　根据语境猜词义

　　(1)They think_highly_of your work abilities.

　　(2)Shen Hao, an honest and selfless leader, is_well_thought_of by the villagers.

　　根据语义找匹配

　　A. 有着很好的口碑　B. 对…… 评价很高

　　(1) B　(2) A

　　think much/well /highly of＝ have a good opinion of 对……评价良好

　　think little/badly/poorly of对……评价不高

　　think nothing of对……无所谓；不把……当回事

　　think of sb. / sth. as…把……某人/物当作……

　　What do you think of sb. / sth.? 你认为某人/物怎么样？

　　当think much/well /highly of这一句型构成被动语态时，我们要把think后的副词提到think 之前。

　　10、Frederick William Ⅰ，the King of Prussia，could never have_imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history. (P1)

　　普鲁士国王腓特烈·威廉一世怎么也不会想到他送给俄罗斯人的厚礼会有这样一段令人吃惊的历史。

　　此句中含有“could ＋ have done”结构，用来表示对过去发生的事情的推测、 反悔等。它用在不同的句式中，表达的含义不同。

　　(1)用于疑问句中，表示对行为可能性的推测。

　　Could he have been told the news?

　　他被告知这个消息了吗？

　　(2)用于陈述句和肯定句，表示与过去事实相反的假设，意为“本来能够去做却没有做”。否定句还表示对过去事实的推测。

　　— I stayed at a hotel while in New York.

　　— Oh，did you? You could have stayed with Barbara.

　　I could have paid enough attention to grammar, otherwise I didn't made these grammatical mistakes in my composition. (实际上没足够注意语法)

　　1. 直陈语气，表示对过去所发生的事情的推测

　　must have done (十分肯定)

　　may have done

　　might have done (用于肯定句，表示可能发生过)

　　can have done

　　could have done (用于疑问句或否定句)

　　2.虚拟语气，表示过去该做而没做；否定句表示过去不该做而做了。

　　could have done 表示过去能够做的而没做

　　would have done 表示过去该做而没做

　　should have done ＝ ought to have done表示过去该做而没做，且含有批评、指责的口吻。

　　3.虚拟语气，且只用否定句

　　needn't have done 表示本没必要做

　　单项填空

　　()(1) — Did you visit the Big Ben in London?

　　— No, we______it, but we spent too much time shopping.

　　A. could visit

　　B. could have visited

　　C. must have visited

　　D. can have visited

　　B　考查情态动词＋ have done的用法。根据语境：由于花了太多的时间购物，所以能够参观的而没参观，是虚拟语气的用法，所以答案是B。

　　()(2) — She looks very happy. She______have passed the exam.

　　— I guess so. It's not difficult after all.

　　A. should

　　B. could

　　C. must

　　D. might

　　C　考查情态动词＋ have done的用法。根据语境：由前句中的“happy”和下句中的“not difficult after all”可以推知 “一定考过去了”，表示对过去所发生的事情的肯定推测，所以答案是C。

　　11、Later，CatherineⅡ had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers. (P2)

　　后来，叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到了圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宫殿中。

　　had the Amber Room moved to a palace 构成了“have ＋ 宾语＋宾补(非谓语动词)” 结构，这一结构的非谓语动词有三种情况：

　　(1)have ＋ O ＋ do 当宾语和宾补形成主动关系时，使用动词原形。

　　Teachers often have their students have a good break between classes.

　　老师们经常让学生们在课间好好休息休息。(宾补have a good break与宾语their students形成主动关系)

　　(2)have ＋ O ＋ doing 表示让宾补的动作一直发生。

　　Take your time! I will have the car waiting for you.

　　慢慢来！我会让车一直等着的。(宾补waiting的动作一直在发生着)

　　(3)have ＋ O＋ done 当宾语和宾补形成被动关系时，使用v.­ed形式。

　　The patient is seriously ill. Better have him operated on right away. 病人病得厉害。最好马上给做手术。(宾补operate on与宾语him形成被动关系)

　　(1) have ＋ O ＋ doing 还表示“不能容忍做某事”。

　　I won't have you speaking to your parents like that.

　　我不能容忍你那样跟你的父母说话。

　　(2)have ＋ O ＋ done 除了表示宾语与宾补的被动关系外，还

　　①表示“主语找人做某事”。

　　My cellphone doesn't work. I have to have it repaired.

　　我的手机坏了。我得找人修一下。

　　②表示“不幸的遭遇”。

　　Bad luck! I had my pocket picked last night.

　　真倒霉！昨晚我的包让人扒啦。

　　单项填空

　　()(1)— Excuse me sir, where is Room 301?

　　— Just a minute. I'll have Bob ______ you to your room.

　　A. show

　　B. shows

　　C. to show　

　　D. showing

　　()(2)We had an anxious couple of weeks ______ for the results of the experiment.

　　A. wait

　　B. to be waiting

　　C. waited

　　D. waiting

　　()(3)If we have illegal immigrants ______ in, many local workers will lose their jobs.

　　A. came

　　B. coming

　　C. to come

　　D. having come

　　()(4)The director had her assistant __________ some hot dogs for the meeting.

　　A. picked up

　　B. picks up

　　C. pick up

　　D. picking up

　　()1. (2009·江苏)He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he ______ it differently.

　　A. could express

　　B. would express

　　C. could have expressed

　　D. must have expressed

　　C　考查虚拟语气。 句意：他并不后悔他所做的，只是感觉到要是用另一种方式来说该多好啊。由于其前的did说明过去能做的而没做。must have done仅仅表示对过去所发生的事情的十分肯定的推测，所以答案是C。

　　Frederick William Ⅰ，the King of Prussia，could never have_imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history. (P1)

　　() 2. (2009·重庆)Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future ______to the well­educated.

　　A. belongs

　　B. is belonged

　　C. is belonging

　　D. will be belonged

　　A　句意为：威廉姆斯教授一直告诫他的学生们说未来是属于受过良好教育的人的。belong to 属于，此词组在使用时要注意，不能用于进行时态，也不能用于被动语态。故排除B、C、D三项。

　　However, the next King of Prussia, Frederick William Ⅰ， to whom the amber room belonged,_decided not to

　　keep it. (P2)

　　()3. (2007·福建)Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English ______ in a short period.

　　A. improved

　　B. improving

　　C. to improve

　　D. improve

　　A　本题考查非谓语动词。have在此处为使役动词，“使，让”，后可接do，doing或done作宾补，宾语her written English与improve之间为动宾关系，故应用过去分词作宾补。

　　Later，CatherineⅡ had_the_Amber_Room_moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers. (P2)