五年高考（2011-2015）英语试题分项精解：专题18 完形填空之说明文类（原卷版）

　　精品5年高考分类精编专题18 完形填空之说明文类

　　2015说明文

　　1.【2015·重庆】B

　　Imagine the first days in a new time zone. Slow to respond to the 28

　　, your body clock is confused. You’re sleepy all day, but when it’s time for bed, you can hardly fall asleep. Obviously you are

　　29

　　jet lag（时差反应）.

　　Travelers have traditionally fought this

　　30

　　with sleeping pills or alcohol. There are actually healthier ways that can work just as 31.

　　For example, the moment you get on the airplane, start

　　32

　　your biological block to the destination’s time. If it’s daytime in your destination, try to stay

　　33

　　. Walking around the cabin（客舱） can be of help. When it’s nighttime, try to sleep. In that case, eat before the flight,

　　34 an empty stomach will prevent you from sleeping. These tips will help you start a new

　　35of sleep and wakefulness.

　　28. A. flight

　　B. change

　　C. demand

　　D. climate

　　29. A. suffering from B. working on

　　C. looking into

　　D. leading to

　　30. A. danger

　　B. problem

　　C. waste

　　D. fear

　　31. A. briefly

　　B. slowly

　　C. suddenly

　　D. effectively

　　32. A. checking

　　B. sending

　　C. adjusting

　　D. stopping

　　33. A. awake

　　B. alone

　　C. hungry

　　D. calm

　　34. A. though

　　B. so

　　C. whole

　　D. or

　　35. A. understanding B. cycle

　　C. research

　　D. trend

　　2.Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

　　If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect interest in romance among the artists.

　　51

　　, you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people’s earned to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.

　　In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more

　　52

　　in people’s lives. The

　　53

　　is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.

　　Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be

　　54

　　. They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that

　　55

　　attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.

　　First Impression

　　To help determine the

　　56

　　of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’s individuality. Then students were asked to

　　57

　　what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.

　　As it turned out, their

　　58

　　judgments often held true. Students seemed to

　　59

　　at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.

　　The

　　60

　　Knows

　　Scientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones — natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling

　　61

　　to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as

　　62

　　as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.

　　Face Value

　　Being fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for

　　63

　　. The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we

　　64

　　attractiveness seem to be somewhat automatic.

　　When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to

　　65

　　words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.

　　51. A. Instead

　　B. Therefore

　　C. Moreover

　　D. Otherwise

　　52. A. romantic

　　B. stressful

　　C. central

　　D. artificial

　　53. A. priority

　　B. proof

　　C. possibility

　　D. principle

　　54. A. tested

　　B. impressed

　　C. changed

　　D. created

　　55. A. appearances

　　B. virtues

　　C. similarities

　　D. passions

　　56. A. illustrations

　　B. implications C. ingredients

　　D. intentions

　　57. A. predict

　　B. investigate

　　C. diagnose

　　D. recall

　　58. A. critical

　　B. initial

　　C. random

　　D. mature

　　59. A. memorize

　　B. distinguish

　　C. negotiate

　　D. question

　　60. A. Nose

　　B. Eye

　　C. Heart

　　D. Hand

　　61. A. open

　　B. alert

　　C. resistant

　　D. superior

　　62. A. disappointed

　　B. amazed

　　C. confused

　　D. gifted

　　63. A. emotion

　　B. attractiveness C. individuality

　　D. signals

　　64. A. enhance

　　B. possess

　　C. maintain

　　D. assess

　　65. A. familiar

　　B. plain

　　C. positive

　　D. irritating

　　2017高考题

　　【2017·重庆卷】

　　B

　　Cultural differences occur wherever you go. When visiting another country, you should be aware of those differences and 28_______ them. Here are some 29_______ on how to fit in.

　　Every traveler to a foreign country feels 30_______ at some point. What you do can make locals laugh. Your best defense is a sense of 31_______. If you can laugh off eating with the wrong hand in India, locals will warm to you as “that crazy foreigner.”

　　Wearing proper cloths is important too, 32_______ locals will judge by what you wear. In some Middle Eastern countries, exposing your flesh is 33_______, especially if you are a woman. So leave your torn jeans at home.

　　Also be cautious about expressing 34_______. Getting angry in Southeast Asia just makes you look silly. In some countries it is 35_______ to kiss in public.

　　. A. reject

　　B. recite

　　C. respect

　　D. remove

　　. A. plans

　　B. tips

　　C. arguments

　　D. choices

　　. A. unsafe

　　B. excited

　　C. satisfied

　　D. awkward

　　. A. relief

　　B. belonging

　　C. humor

　　D. direction

　　. A. but

　　B. for

　　C. so

　　D. or

　　. A. forbidden

　　B. allowed

　　C. expected

　　D. tolerated

　　. A. emotions

　　B. concern

　　C. interest

　　D. views

　　. A. natural

　　B. advisable

　　C. unwise

　　D. unnecessary

　　2017

　　【2017重庆卷】B

　　It is easy to overlook the role that your body plays in influencing your mood(情绪). When you are

　　49

　　, you may find yourself blaming work pressures or an unknown future. However, it could just be that you’ve been sitting behind your desk too long.

　　One way to improve your mood is

　　50

　　. Psychologically, it provides you with a break from the stresses in your life. Also, in the process, you may aim for

　　51

　　goals, like a new personal running record or a better body shape. The achievement of a particular goal makes you feel good and contributes to your

　　52

　　. That is why exercise has been shown to

　　53

　　your self-respect.

　　You do not have to train yourself

　　54

　　to feel the psychological benefits of exercise. What really matters is

　　55

　　, not intensity(强度) of your exercise. You can try walking for 30 minutes five times per week or simply gardening on weekends.

　　本解析为名师解析团队原创，授权独家使用，如有盗用，依法追责！49. A. ill

　　B. poor

　　C. unhappy

　　D. unsuccessful

　　50. A. play

　　B. communication

　　C. sleep

　　D. exercise

　　51. A. clear

　　B. present

　　C. common

　　D. early

　　52. A. ability

　　B. relationship

　　C. confidence

　　D. business

　　53. A. tear down

　　B. build up

　　C. set aside

　　D. give out

　　54. A. hard

　　B. everywhere

　　C. carefully

　　D. late

　　55. A. time

　　B. length

　　C. form

　　D. frequency

　　【2017广东卷】完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

　　阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

　　, experiments show that many animals are, too. For example, many birds have good number sense. If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not

　　3

　　.However, if you remove two, the bird

　　4

　　leaves. This means that the bird knows the

　　5

　　between two and three.

　　Another interesting experiment showed a bird's

　　6

　　number sense. A man was trying to take a photo of a crow（乌鸦）that had a nest in a tower, but the crow always left when she saw him coming. The bird did not

　　7

　　until the man left the tower. The man had an

　　8

　　.He took another man with him to the tower. One man left and the other stayed, but they did not

　　9

　　the bird. The crow stayed away until the second man left, too. The experiment was

　　10

　　with three men and then with four men. But the crow did not return to the nest until all the men were

　　11

　　.It was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were

　　12

　　able to fool the crow.

　　How good is a human's number sense? It's not very good. For example, babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a

　　13

　　group. But when the number goes beyond three or four, the children are

　　14

　　fooled.

　　It seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in this world, and that our human

　　15

　　is not much better than a crow's.

　　1. A. rise B. pattern C. change D. trend

　　2. A. Importantly

　　B. Surprisingly C. Disappointedly D. Fortunately

　　3. A. survive B. care C. hatch D. notice

　　4. A. generally

　　B. sincerely C. casually D. deliberately

　　5． A. distance

　　B. range C. different D. interval

　　6． A. amazing

　　B. annoying C. satisfying D. disturbing

　　7. A. relax B. recover

　　C. react D. return

　　8. A. appointment B. excuse C. idea D. explanation

　　9. A. fool B. hurt C. catch D. kill

　　10. A. reported B. repeated C. designed D. approved

　　11. A. confused B. gone C. tired D. drunk

　　12. A. gradually B. luckily C. strangely D. finally

　　13. A. single B. small C. local D. new

　　14. A. seldom B. temporarily C. merely D. often

　　15. A. sight B. nature C. ability D. belief

　　2017年

　　（2017·课标全国卷）

　　阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

　　Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks

　　__36__ than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more

　　__37__

　　than we realize. In fact, non­verbal (非言语) communication takes up about 50% of what we really

　　__38__. And body language is particularly

　　__39__

　　when we attempt to communicate across cultures. Indeed, what is called body language is so

　　__40__

　　a part of us that it's actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it.

　　__41__， different societies treat the

　　__42__

　　between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having

　　__43__

　　contact (接触) even with friends, and certainly not with

　　__44__. People from Latin American countries,

　　__45__， touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, it's possible that in

　　__46__， it may look like a Latino is

　　__47__

　　a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving

　　__48__. The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep

　　__49__

　　—which the Latino will in return regard as

　　__50__.

　　Clearly, a great deal is going on when people

　　__51__. And only a part of it is in the

　　words themselves. And when parties are from

　　__52__

　　cultures, there's a strong possibility of

　　__53__

　　. But whatever the situation, the best

　　__54__

　　is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be

　　__55__.

　　36．A.straighter

　　B．louder　

　　C．harder　D．further

　　37．A.sounds

　　B．invitations

　　C．feelings

　　D．messages

　　38．A.hope

　　B．receive

　　C．discover

　　D．mean

　　39．A.immediate

　　B．misleading

　　C．important

　　D．difficult

　　40．A.well

　　B．far

　　C．much

　　D．long

　　41．A.For example

　　B．Thus

　　C．However

　　D．In short

　　42．A.trade

　　B．distance

　　C．connections

　　D．greetings

　　43．A.eye

　　B．verbal

　　C．bodily

　　D．telephone

　　44．A.strangers

　　B．relatives

　　C．neighbours

　　D．enemies

　　45．A.in other words

　　B．on the other hand C．in a similar way D．by all means

　　46．A.trouble

　　B．conversation

　　C．silence

　　D．experiment

　　47．A.disturbing

　　B．helping

　　C．guiding

　　D．following

　　48．A.closer

　　B．faster

　　C．in

　　D．away

　　49．A.stepping forward B．going on

　　C．backing away

　　D．coming out

　　50．A.weakness

　　B．carelessness

　　C．friendliness

　　D．coldness

　　51．A.talk

　　B．travel

　　C．laugh

　　D．think

　　52．A.different

　　B．European

　　C．Latino

　　D．rich

　　53．A.curiosity

　　B．excitement

　　C．misunderstanding D．nervousness

　　54．A.chance

　　B．time

　　C．result

　　D．advice

　　55．A.noticed

　　B．treated

　　C．respected

　　D．pleased

　　There are times when people are so tired that they fall asleep almost anywhere. We can see

　　there is a lot of sleeping on the bus or train on the __21____home from work in the evenings. A man will be__22____the newspaper, and seconds later it __23___ as if he is trying to ___24__it. Or he will fall asleep on the shoulder of the stranger___25__ next to him.___26___ place where unplanned short sleep __27__ is in the lecture hall where a student will start snoring（打鼾）so ___28____that the professor has to ask another student to___29___ the sleeper awake. A more embarrassing（尴尬）situation occurs when a student starts falling into sleep and the ___30___ of

　　the head pushes the arm off the___31___, and the movement carries the__32___ of the body along. The student wakes up on the floor with no___33___ of getting there. The worst time to fall asleep is when __34___ . Police reports are full of ___35___ that occur when people fall into sleep and go__36_____ the road. If the drivers are ___37____ , they are not seriously hurt. One woman's car, ___38____ , went into the river. She woke up in four feet of __39____ and thought it was raining. When

　　people are really ___40_____，nothing will stop them from falling asleep-----no matter where they are.

　　21. A. way

　　B. track

　　C. path

　　D. road

　　22. A. buying

　　B. folding

　　C. delivering

　　D. reading

　　23. A. acts

　　B. shows

　　C. appears

　　D. sounds

　　24. A. open

　　B. eat

　　C. find

　　D. finish

　　25. A. lying

　　B. waiting

　　C. talking

　　D. sitting

　　26. A. Next

　　B. Every

　　C. Another

　　D. One

　　27. A. goes on

　　B. ends up

　　C. lasts

　　D. returns

　　28. A. bravely

　　B. happily

　　C. loudly

　　D. carelessly

　　29. A. leave

　　B. shake

　　C. keep

　　D. watch

　　30. A. size

　　B. shape

　　C. weight

　　D. strength

　　31．A. cushion

　　B. desk

　　C. shoulder

　　D. book

　　32. A. action

　　B. position

　　C. rest

　　D. side

　　33. A. memory

　　B. reason

　　C. question

　　D. purpose

　　34. A. thinking

　　B. working

　　C. walking

　　D. driving

　　35. A. changes

　　B. events

　　C. ideas

　　D. accidents

　　36. A. up

　　B. off

　　C. along

　　D. down

　　37. A. lucky

　　B. awake

　　C. calm

　　D. strong

　　38. A. in time

　　B. at first

　　C. as usual

　　D. for example

　　39. A. dust

　　B. water

　　C. grass

　　D. bush

　　40. A. tired

　　B. drunk

　　C. lonely

　　D. lazy