2017届高考英语一轮基础知识复习：Unit 3 Life in the future（新人教版必修5）

　　Unit 3 Life in the future

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　(2016·广东四校第一次联考)

　　See a cellphone cover that you like on Taobao? Forget about placing an order, paying the bill online and waiting for days for it to be delivered to you. In the near future, you'll be able to get it in minutes just by hitting “print” on your computer.

　　You might find it hard to believe that you could actually “print” an object like you would a picture. But it is not that hard to understand how it would work. Just as a traditional printer sprays (喷) ink onto paper line by line, modern 3D printers spread material onto a surface layer by layer, from the bottom to the top, gradually building up a shape.

　　Instead of ink, the materials the 3D printer uses are mainly plastic, resin(树脂) and certain metals. The thinner each layer is—from a millimetre to less than the width of a hair—the smoother and finer the object will be.

　　This may sound like a completely new technology, but the truth is that 3D printing has been around since the late 1980s. Back then, it was barely affordable for most people, so few knew about it.

　　Last year, though, saw a big change in the 3D printing industry—printers became much cheaper. For example, 10 years ago a desktop 3D printer might have cost ￡20, 000, while now they cost only about ￡1, 000, according to the BBC.

　　Taken out of the factory and introduced to more diverse and common uses, 3D printing can create just about anything you can think of—flutes (笛子), bikinis, jewelry, aircraft parts and even human organs. In fact, scientists from Cornell University in New York have just made an artificial ear using a 3D printer, according to Science Daily. The fake ear looks and acts exactly like a natural one.

　　However, as 3D printing becomes more common, it may bring about certain problems—such as piracy. “Once you can download a coffee maker, or print out a new set of kitchen utensils (餐具) on your personal 3D printer, who will visit a retail (零售的) store again? ”an expert in 3D printing told Forbes News. Even more frightening, what if anyone in the world could use a 3D printer to print out a fully functioning gun?

　　文章大意：本文介绍了3D打印机的使用材料和工作原理等，它在未来的广泛使用能够改变人们的生活，同时也会产生盗版行为等问题。

　　1．According to the article, in the future, the 3D printing technology will ________.

　　A．enable people to make better purchases online

　　B．change the way we make many products

　　C．be applied as widely in our daily life as computers

　　D．shorten the time it takes for people to get what they buy online

　　答案：B　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Just as a traditional printer sprays(喷) ink onto paper line by line, modern 3D printers spread material onto a surface layer by layer, from the bottom to the top, gradually building up a shape.”可知，未来的3D打印机会改变我们生产很多产品的方式。

　　2．What happened in the 3D printing industry last year?

　　A．The 3D printing technology was taken out of the factory.

　　B．The 3D printing technology began to be used in various fields.

　　C．The 3D printer was used for medical treatment for the first time.

　　D．The 3D printer became more affordable for consumers.

　　答案：D　细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Last year, though，saw a big change in the 3D printing industry—printers became much cheaper. For example, 10 years ago a desktop 3D printer might have cost ￡20,000, while now they cost only about ￡1,000, according to the BBC.”可知，去年的3D打印机变得很便宜了。

　　3．How is the last paragraph developed?

　　A．By giving examples.

　　B．By making comparisons.

　　C．By analyzing the cause and effect.

　　D．By presenting research findings.

　　答案：A　篇章结构题。根据最后一段中such as piracy和专家所说的话可知，本段使用了举例说明的方法。

　　4．What is the best title of the passage?

　　A．Great Demand for 3D Printers

　　B．Technology in the Future

　　C．Online Shopping Disappearing

　　D．Printing out Everything

　　答案：D　主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了3D打印机在未来的广泛使用能够改变人们的生活。

　　Ⅱ.七选五

　　根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。

　　(2015·北京市朝阳区第一次综合练习)

　　Virtual (虚拟)Teams

　　Virtual teams are a great way to enable teamwork in situations where people are not sitting in the same office at the same time.__1__

　　This is particularly so for businesses that use virtual teams to build global presence, or need less common skills or knowledge from people who are unwilling to travel.

　　Virtual teams are governed by the same basic principles as traditional teams. __2__ It is the way the team members communicate. They rely on special communication channels enabled by modern technologies, such as emails, faxes, and teleconferences, and alike. Due to more limited communication channels, the success of virtual teams is much more sensitive to the type of project the group works on, what people are selected, and how the team is managed.

　　__3__

　　One challenging case is the projects that rely heavily on integrated work. That is to say, when each person's work depends significantly on what someone else is doing at the same moment, like in a sports team, there is an ongoing heavy exchange of information in real time, and the tasks have to go through a strict order within a short time.

　　Not everyone can perform well in a virtual team environment. __4__

　　Another important quality is communication skills. The team members must be able to communicate clearly and positively.

　　Managers of virtual teams need to pay much more attention to having clear goals，performance standards, and communication rules. People have various assumptions on what to expect from each other.__5__

　　One of the biggest challenges of virtual teams is building trust between the team members. Trust is important for unblocking communication between members and increasing motivation of each person in the team. The issue of trust needs special attention at any stage of team existence.

　　A．Yet, there is one significant difference.

　　B．Not every type of project is suitable for a virtual team.

　　C．A virtual team can choose whatever project they like to work on.

　　D．The members must be self­motivated and able to work independently.

　　E．Such teams are now widely used by companies and organizations to cut business costs.

　　F．Members of virtual teams communicate quite well although they never meet face to face.

　　G．To avoid misunderstanding, clear rules that everyone understands and agrees on are necessary.

　　文章大意：本文为说明文，主要介绍了虚拟团队的含义、规则和作用。

　　1．E　“这样的团队现在被企业和组织广泛采用以节约成本”。本空出现在第一段，因此很可能是对前面提出的“virtual team”这样的概念进行的进一步的解释说明。而本空后面出现的 This is particularly so for business that... 出现了代词 This线索，指代的就是前面说的“虚拟团队”的特性就是“节约成本”，E项符合题意，故选E。

　　2．A　“然而，两种沟通却有明显的不同”。本空后面出现的It is the way the team members communicate.中It 代词指代的就是 difference，故选A。

　　3．B　并不是所有的项目对于“虚拟团队”都是适合的。本空后面出现的：One challenging case，是关键词，后面段落中举例：like in a sport team...更加印证了 B 选项。

　　4．D　成员必须能够“自我激励”并“独当一面”。本空后面的 Another important quality 说明本空应该说的是成员所具有的能力。D选项符合题意。

　　5．G　为了避免误解，明确每个人都理解并接受的规则是十分必要的。前面出现的 assumptions跟G选项中的 misunderstanding 对应。故选G。

　　Ⅲ.语法填空

　　阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　(2015·江西省上饶市三模)

　　Over the years I've been teaching the __1__(Britain)kids about a simple but powerful concept— the ant philosophy(哲学), an __2__(amaze)four­part philosophy.

　　First, ants never quit. If they're heading somewhere and you try to stop them, they'll climb over, they'll climb under, or they'll climb around. They never quit __3__(look) for a way to get to where they __4__(suppose)to go! Second, ants think about winter and summer. They are always gathering in their winter food in the middle of summer and they are making __5__(prepare)for the long cold winter. So you have to think about storms in summer; think about rocks

　　__6__ you enjoy the sand and sun. Third, ants think about summer all winter. During the winter, they remind

　　__7__，“ This won't last long and we'll soon be out of here. ”On the first warm day, the ants are out. If it __8__(turn)cold again, they'll dive back down. But they come out again if it is warm. Last, how much will an ant gather during the summer to prepare for the winter? All that it __9__(possible) can. __10__ you can learn from the ant philosophy is: Never give up, look ahead, stay positive and do all you can.

　　1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______

　　6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______

　　文章大意：本文通过蚂蚁的故事告诉我们：只要不放弃，坚持积极的态度，你就能做到任何你想做的事情。

　　1．命题立意：考查形容词用法。

　　答案： British 　根据空后的名词判断应用形容词形式，故填British 。

　　2．命题立意：考查形容词。

　　答案： amazing　用v­ing形式修饰物。此处意为“一个令人震惊的四段哲学”。

　　3．命题立意：考查非谓语动词的用法。

　　答案： looking　根据quit后跟动词­ing形式作宾语判断应用动词­ing形式，故填looking。

　　4．命题立意：考查固定短语用法。

　　答案：are supposed 　根据词组be supposed to do sth.“应该做某事”判断填are supposed。

　　5．命题立意：考查名词用法。

　　答案：preparations　根据词组make preparations for“为……做准备”，故填 preparations。

　　6．命题立意：考查状语从句。

　　答案：when/as/while　根据空前后两个分句之间的关系判断。故填 when/as/while。

　　7．命题立意：考查代词用法。

　　答案：themselves　根据该句的主语they判断，故填themselves。

　　8．命题立意：考查时态用法。

　　答案：turns　根据if条件句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，题干中的主句They'll dive back down可知填 turns。

　　9．命题立意：考查副词用法。

　　答案：possibly　根据该句是省略句，需要副词修饰情态动词can判断填possibly。

　　10．命题立意：考查主语从句。

　　答案：What　根据空后是主语从句，且从句中learn后缺少宾语判断填what。

　　Ⅳ.短文改错

　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用()划掉。

　　修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

　　2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

　　(2015·黑龙江哈六中检测)

　　Nowadays, with the growing popularity of computers, students were paying less and less attention to handwriting.

　　According to a recently survey, many students don't want to improve their handwriting for various reason. 52 percent of them think that they can just use a computer, so it is no need to waste time improving our handwriting. 32 percent believe that they are too busy with the study that they have no time to practicing, and 16 percent think that practicing handwriting is useless.

　　As the saying went, writing style shows the man. Beautiful and neat handwriting is great benefit, especially for students. Therefore, in my opinion, the more importance should be attached to handwriting from now on.

　　答案：

　　Nowadays, with the growing popularity of computers, students

　　paying less and less attention to handwriting.

　　According to a

　　survey, many students don't want to improve their handwriting for various . 52 percent of them think that they can just use a computer, so

　　is no need to waste time improving

　　handwriting. 32 percent believe that they are

　　busy with the study that they have no time to ， and 16 percent think that practicing handwriting is useless.

　　As the saying ， writing style shows the man. Beautiful and neat handwriting is

　　great benefit, especially for students. Therefore, in my opinion, the more importance should be attached to handwriting from now on.

　　1．命题立意：考查时态。

　　解析：were→are　本文针对当前的现象发表观点，应为一般现在时。

　　2．命题立意：考查形容词与副词。

　　解析：recently→recent　修饰名词要用形容词。

　　3．命题立意：考查名词。

　　解析：reason→reasons　various意为“各种各样的”，后接复数名词。

　　4．命题立意：考查句式。

　　解析：it→there　there is no need to do sth.意为“没有必要做某事”，是固定用法。

　　5．命题立意：考查代词。

　　解析：our→their　上文主语是students，本句中的them和they均指代students，此处应与上文保持一致。故改为their。

　　6．命题立意：考查连词。

　　解析：too→so　so...that...为固定搭配，意为“如此……以至于……”，that引导结果状语从句。

　　7．命题立意：考查非谓语动词。

　　解析：practicing→practice　have no time to do sth.为固定用法，意为“没有时间做某事”。

　　8．命题立意：考查时态。

　　解析：went→goes　根据上下文可知，本文时态是一般现在时。故改为goes。

　　9．命题立意：考查形容词。

　　解析：is后加of或a　be of/a great benefit为固定搭配，意为“有很大益处”。

　　10．命题立意：考查冠词。

　　解析：去掉the　attach importance to为固定短语，意为“重视”，importance前不加冠词。