代词03
考点4
反身代词
1.反身代词在句中可以作宾语、表语、并列主语,以及名词、代词的同位语
①The text itself is very easy.这篇课文本身很简单。(作主语的同位语)
②(Either)Jane or yourself will go there.要么Jane去,要么你自己去。(作并列主语,但不能单独作主语)
③He is not laughed at that laughs at himself first.[谚]自嘲者不会让人嘲笑。
④Respect yourseff,or no one else will respect you.[谚]要人尊敬,必须自重。
2.主语与宾语是同一个人时,应当用反身代词teach oneself,enjoy oneself,help oneself,throw oneself,look after oneself
3.在系动词后作表语,常用于否定句,表示身体不适
I don’t know what’S the matter with me.I’m not myself today.
4.用在交际英语中
①Help yourseff!随便吃!(宴请礼仪)自己拿吧!
②Make yourself at home!别拘束!
③Don’t upset yourself!别自寻煨商了1
5.辨别几组搭配
by oneself独自,单独;for oneself独自地,靠自己的力量;of
oneself~t动地;to oneself独占,独用
典例:Isn’t it amazing how the human body heals
after an injury?
A.hireself
B.him
C.itself
D.it
考点5
it的用法
在英语中,运用it的场合较多。从它在句中的作用和意义来看,it的用法可分为三类:
1.指代作用
(1)用作人称代词,代替前文或后文所提到的同一事物(单数可数名词或不可数名词)。如:
Although we cannot see it,there is air all around us.虽然我们看不见空气,但它却在我们的周围。
(2)代替前面的整个句子。如:
It is said that he has died of a disease,but it isn’t true.据说他已经病死了,但这不是真的。
(3)用在答语中代替指示代词this,that。如:
一What is this?这是什么?
一It’s a bike.是自行车。
(4)代替不能或没有必要区分性别的或某些习惯说法中的人。如:
①The baby cried because it Was hungry.婴儿哭是因为饿了。(婴儿习惯上不区分性别)
②一Who is knocking at the door?谁在敲门?
一It’s me.是我o
(5)指环境、情形等。如:
①I can’t stand it any longer.我再也不能容忍这种情况了。
②Take it easy.别紧张。
③It doesn’t matter.没关系。
(6)指度量衡单位、时间、距离、季节、天气及自然现象。如:
①It’s getting colder and colder now.现在越来越冷了。
②It is winter now.现在是冬天了。
2.形式作用
(1)形式主语
当动词不定式、v.ing形式或从句作主语时,通常把它们放在谓语之后,而用it作句子的形式主语。如:
(I)It’s no use crying over spilt milk.[谚]覆水难收。
②It takes three generations to make a gentleman.[谚]十年树木,百年树人。
(2)形式宾语
当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、v-ing形式或宾语从句时,往往把真正的宾语放在补足语后面,而用it作形式宾语,放在宾语补足语之前。如:
①You must make it clear to them that the situation is serious.你必须向他们表明形势是严峻的。
②)They thought it difficult to talk to the guests about the recent events.他们觉得和客人们谈近来发生的事情很困难。
特别提示
形式宾语用在“主语+谓语动词+宾语”结构中,谓语动词appreciate,dislike,hate,like,love,make(按时到达,成功)等后接由if或when等引导的从句时,往往在从句前加形式宾语it。如:
①1 would appreciate it if you paid in cash.如果你能支付现金的话,我会不胜感激。
②The boy likes it when you do that.那个男孩喜欢你那样做。
3.强调作用
it可以用来改变句子的结构,使句子的某一成分得到强调。强调句型的基本结构为:It is/was+所强调的成分+that/who/whom+其他成分。. Sarah made ______ to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.
A. herself
B. this
C. that
D. it
【答案】D
【考点】考查代词的用法。
【解析】此处it是形式主语,代替后面的不定式短语。句意:Sarah今天早上成功地及时到达了机场赶上了她的航班。
2. New technologies have made ____ possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.
A. that
B. this
C. one
D. it
【答案】 D
【考点】本题考查代词。
【解析】题干为固定句型:make + it + adj. + to do。其中it作形式宾语,替代动词不定式to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost。句意为:新兴科技已经使得更快地、以更低的成本生产新产品成为可能。3.My brother would like to buy a good watch but
was available from that shop. A.nothing B.none C.no one D.neither
【答案】B
【考点】不定代词
【解析】此处 nothing指物,什么都不是;none既可指人也可指物,强调“每一个”;no one只能指人;neither表两者都不,故此题选B。.-John, when shall we meet again, Thursday or Friday?
-_________.I’ll be off to London then.
A. Either
B. Neither
C. Both
D. None
【答案】B
【考点】不定代词用法
【解析】根据答语“I’ll be off to London then.”可知,约定的星期三或者星期五对John来说,都不行。在选项中B选项是“两者都不”之意,符合语境。因此,正确答案为B选项。
If you’re buying today’s paper from the stand, could you get
for me?
A.
one
B.
such
C.
this
D.
that
【答案】A
【考点】代词的用法
【解析】根据句意:如果你去报摊上买今天的报纸,给我捎回一份好吗?one作“一个”,“一本”,“一件”等解,用来代替上文提到过的paper。相当于a copy of paper.
. Studying Wendy's menu, I found that many of the items are similar to______ of McDonald's.
A. those B. ones C. any D. all
【答案】A
【考点】代词
【解析】 those=that ones, 代指前面的many of the items,表示复数、特指,被of McDonald’s修饰,符合语境。Ones表示复数、泛指;any任何一个;all全部,均不符合语境,故排除。
Sophia waited for a reply, but ____ came.
A. either
B. another
C. neither
D. none
【答案】D
【考点】代词辨析—neither/ none
【解析】:Sophia,but可知,此处应用表示否定意义的代词,所以排除A项和B项。neither意为“两者都不”;none意为“三者或三者以上都不”。根据前半句中的“a reply”提示可知,故选D项。
8. No matter where he is, he makes _____a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.
A. him
B this
C. that
D. it
【答案】D
【考点】考查代词。
【解析】所填词做使役动词make的形式宾语,真正宾语是to go for a walk,选D。
. Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but
of them wants to, because they have work to do.
A. either
B. any
C. neither
D. none
【答案】C
【考点】考查代词的用法。
【解析】根据句意可知,Bill和Peter两个人,所以其否定形式用neither。句意:Larry请求Bill和Peter一起和他去野餐,但他们两个都不想去,因为他们要工作。
. When you are done with the book, just give it to Lucy or Helen or __________. A. whoever
B. wherever
C. whatever
D. however
【答案】A
【考点】考查代词的用法。
【解析】此处whoever是代词,意为:任何人,无论谁。它作to的宾语。句意:Lucy或Helen,或谁都行。
11 .The air of hills is cooler than___________of plains.
A. that
B.one
C.those
D. ones
【答案】A
【解析】考查代词的用法。此处that指代不可数名词the air,其后有后置定语of plainsman。句意:山上的空气比平原的凉爽。He is_______stupid.
In fact he is quite smart.
A.
anything but
B.
nothing but
C.
more than
D.
no more than
【答案】A
【解析】考查不定代词的用法。此处anything but意为:一点也不。句意:他一点也不傻,事实上,他很精明。
3.First the car broke down,and now I can't find my keys!if it’s not one thing,it's_______.
A. another
B.
other
C. the other
D.
others
【答案】A
【解析】考查代词的用法。句意:首先车抛锚了,现在我又找不到钥匙了!不是这事就是那事。
. ---You seem busy these days.
---Yes. I’m looking for a house. It’s really not easy to find _____ with a garden.
A. this
B. one
C. it
D. that
【答案】B
【解析】考查代词题。本题的A选项和D选项基本可以视作同义选项排除,真正考察的区别也就是one和it这对常考代词的区别。it指代前面一个确定的名词概念,而one则指代前面名词范围中不确定的某一个。这里前面的a house明显不是某所确定的房子,说话者只是在找房,并没有确定哪一所,所以应该是B选项one。.How wonderful it will be that whoever is in need of a job can get
.
A.it
B.that
C.one
D.this
【答案】C
【解析】考查代词的用法。此处one同类指代。句意:需要工作的人找到一个工作那该多好啊。
.Knowledge from real life isn't easier to forget than ___ achieved from textbooks.
A.it
B.that
C.one
D.those
【答案】B
【解析】考查代词的用法。此处that指代不可数名词knowledge,其后有后置定语,用于比较句型。. Mr. Robert didn't choose any of the three jackets because he found
_______
of them satisfactory.
A. all B. either C. none D. Neither
【答案】C
【解析】考查代词的用法。此处none意为:没有一个。句意:罗伯特先生没有选择三件夹克衫的任何一个,因为他发现没有一个满意。
. The agreement was made quickly as both sides were satisfied with the conditions of _____.
A. another
B. others
C. the other
D. either
【答案】 C
【解析】考查代词的用法。根据前文的both可知:应选C两者当中的另一个。
. 11 is a special date,
,I think,that will be remembered by the Americans forever.
A.what
B.it
C.which
D.one
【答案】D
【解析】考查代词的用法。one作date的同位语
. Eventually, she has recognized ____, whatever happens and however bad ____ seems today, life still goes on and everything will be better tomorrow.
A.that; it
B.it; that
C.it; what
D.that; what
【答案】A
【解析】考查代词。that 引导宾语从句;it指代情况。
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