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2016届广东省天河区高考英语二轮语法复习精讲精练:代词03

发布时间:2017-03-29  编辑:查字典英语网小编

  代词03

  考点4

  反身代词

  1.反身代词在句中可以作宾语、表语、并列主语,以及名词、代词的同位语

  ①The text itself is very easy.这篇课文本身很简单。(作主语的同位语)

  ②(Either)Jane or yourself will go there.要么Jane去,要么你自己去。(作并列主语,但不能单独作主语)

  ③He is not laughed at that laughs at himself first.[谚]自嘲者不会让人嘲笑。

  ④Respect yourseff,or no one else will respect you.[谚]要人尊敬,必须自重。

  2.主语与宾语是同一个人时,应当用反身代词teach oneself,enjoy oneself,help oneself,throw oneself,look after oneself

  3.在系动词后作表语,常用于否定句,表示身体不适

  I don’t know what’S the matter with me.I’m not myself today.

  4.用在交际英语中

  ①Help yourseff!随便吃!(宴请礼仪)自己拿吧!

  ②Make yourself at home!别拘束!

  ③Don’t upset yourself!别自寻煨商了1

  5.辨别几组搭配

  by oneself独自,单独;for oneself独自地,靠自己的力量;of

  oneself~t动地;to oneself独占,独用

  典例:Isn’t it amazing how the human body heals

  after an injury?

  A.hireself

  B.him

  C.itself

  D.it

  考点5

  it的用法

  在英语中,运用it的场合较多。从它在句中的作用和意义来看,it的用法可分为三类:

  1.指代作用

  (1)用作人称代词,代替前文或后文所提到的同一事物(单数可数名词或不可数名词)。如:

  Although we cannot see it,there is air all around us.虽然我们看不见空气,但它却在我们的周围。

  (2)代替前面的整个句子。如:

  It is said that he has died of a disease,but it isn’t true.据说他已经病死了,但这不是真的。

  (3)用在答语中代替指示代词this,that。如:

  一What is this?这是什么?

  一It’s a bike.是自行车。

  (4)代替不能或没有必要区分性别的或某些习惯说法中的人。如:

  ①The baby cried because it Was hungry.婴儿哭是因为饿了。(婴儿习惯上不区分性别)

  ②一Who is knocking at the door?谁在敲门?

  一It’s me.是我o

  (5)指环境、情形等。如:

  ①I can’t stand it any longer.我再也不能容忍这种情况了。

  ②Take it easy.别紧张。

  ③It doesn’t matter.没关系。

  (6)指度量衡单位、时间、距离、季节、天气及自然现象。如:

  ①It’s getting colder and colder now.现在越来越冷了。

  ②It is winter now.现在是冬天了。

  2.形式作用

  (1)形式主语

  当动词不定式、v.ing形式或从句作主语时,通常把它们放在谓语之后,而用it作句子的形式主语。如:

  (I)It’s no use crying over spilt milk.[谚]覆水难收。

  ②It takes three generations to make a gentleman.[谚]十年树木,百年树人。

  (2)形式宾语

  当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、v-ing形式或宾语从句时,往往把真正的宾语放在补足语后面,而用it作形式宾语,放在宾语补足语之前。如:

  ①You must make it clear to them that the situation is serious.你必须向他们表明形势是严峻的。

  ②)They thought it difficult to talk to the guests about the recent events.他们觉得和客人们谈近来发生的事情很困难。

  特别提示

  形式宾语用在“主语+谓语动词+宾语”结构中,谓语动词appreciate,dislike,hate,like,love,make(按时到达,成功)等后接由if或when等引导的从句时,往往在从句前加形式宾语it。如:

  ①1 would appreciate it if you paid in cash.如果你能支付现金的话,我会不胜感激。

  ②The boy likes it when you do that.那个男孩喜欢你那样做。

  3.强调作用

  it可以用来改变句子的结构,使句子的某一成分得到强调。强调句型的基本结构为:It is/was+所强调的成分+that/who/whom+其他成分。. Sarah made ______ to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.

  A. herself

  B. this

  C. that

  D. it

  【答案】D

  【考点】考查代词的用法。

  【解析】此处it是形式主语,代替后面的不定式短语。句意:Sarah今天早上成功地及时到达了机场赶上了她的航班。

  2. New technologies have made ____ possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.

  A. that

  B. this

  C. one

  D. it

  【答案】 D

  【考点】本题考查代词。

  【解析】题干为固定句型:make + it + adj. + to do。其中it作形式宾语,替代动词不定式to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost。句意为:新兴科技已经使得更快地、以更低的成本生产新产品成为可能。3.My brother would like to buy a good watch but

  was available from that shop. A.nothing B.none C.no one D.neither

  【答案】B

  【考点】不定代词

  【解析】此处 nothing指物,什么都不是;none既可指人也可指物,强调“每一个”;no one只能指人;neither表两者都不,故此题选B。.-John, when shall we meet again, Thursday or Friday?

  -_________.I’ll be off to London then.

  A. Either

  B. Neither

  C. Both

  D. None

  【答案】B

  【考点】不定代词用法

  【解析】根据答语“I’ll be off to London then.”可知,约定的星期三或者星期五对John来说,都不行。在选项中B选项是“两者都不”之意,符合语境。因此,正确答案为B选项。

  If you’re buying today’s paper from the stand, could you get

  for me?

  A.

  one

  B.

  such

  C.

  this

  D.

  that

  【答案】A

  【考点】代词的用法

  【解析】根据句意:如果你去报摊上买今天的报纸,给我捎回一份好吗?one作“一个”,“一本”,“一件”等解,用来代替上文提到过的paper。相当于a copy of paper.

  . Studying Wendy's menu, I found that many of the items are similar to______ of McDonald's.

  A. those B. ones C. any D. all

  【答案】A

  【考点】代词

  【解析】 those=that ones, 代指前面的many of the items,表示复数、特指,被of McDonald’s修饰,符合语境。Ones表示复数、泛指;any任何一个;all全部,均不符合语境,故排除。

  Sophia waited for a reply, but ____ came.

  A. either

  B. another

  C. neither

  D. none

  【答案】D

  【考点】代词辨析—neither/ none

  【解析】:Sophia,but可知,此处应用表示否定意义的代词,所以排除A项和B项。neither意为“两者都不”;none意为“三者或三者以上都不”。根据前半句中的“a reply”提示可知,故选D项。

  8. No matter where he is, he makes _____a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.

  A. him

  B this

  C. that

  D. it

  【答案】D

  【考点】考查代词。

  【解析】所填词做使役动词make的形式宾语,真正宾语是to go for a walk,选D。

  . Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but

  of them wants to, because they have work to do.

  A. either

  B. any

  C. neither

  D. none

  【答案】C

  【考点】考查代词的用法。

  【解析】根据句意可知,Bill和Peter两个人,所以其否定形式用neither。句意:Larry请求Bill和Peter一起和他去野餐,但他们两个都不想去,因为他们要工作。

  . When you are done with the book, just give it to Lucy or Helen or __________. A. whoever

  B. wherever

  C. whatever

  D. however

  【答案】A

  【考点】考查代词的用法。

  【解析】此处whoever是代词,意为:任何人,无论谁。它作to的宾语。句意:Lucy或Helen,或谁都行。

  11 .The air of hills is cooler than___________of plains.

  A. that

  B.one

  C.those

  D. ones

  【答案】A

  【解析】考查代词的用法。此处that指代不可数名词the air,其后有后置定语of plainsman。句意:山上的空气比平原的凉爽。He is_______stupid.

  In fact he is quite smart.

  A.

  anything but

  B.

  nothing but

  C.

  more than

  D.

  no more than

  【答案】A

  【解析】考查不定代词的用法。此处anything but意为:一点也不。句意:他一点也不傻,事实上,他很精明。

  3.First the car broke down,and now I can't find my keys!if it’s not one thing,it's_______.

  A. another

  B.

  other

  C. the other

  D.

  others

  【答案】A

  【解析】考查代词的用法。句意:首先车抛锚了,现在我又找不到钥匙了!不是这事就是那事。

  . ---You seem busy these days.

  ---Yes. I’m looking for a house. It’s really not easy to find _____ with a garden.

  A. this

  B. one

  C. it

  D. that

  【答案】B

  【解析】考查代词题。本题的A选项和D选项基本可以视作同义选项排除,真正考察的区别也就是one和it这对常考代词的区别。it指代前面一个确定的名词概念,而one则指代前面名词范围中不确定的某一个。这里前面的a house明显不是某所确定的房子,说话者只是在找房,并没有确定哪一所,所以应该是B选项one。.How wonderful it will be that whoever is in need of a job can get

  .

  A.it

  B.that

  C.one

  D.this

  【答案】C

  【解析】考查代词的用法。此处one同类指代。句意:需要工作的人找到一个工作那该多好啊。

  .Knowledge from real life isn't easier to forget than ___ achieved from textbooks.

  A.it

  B.that

  C.one

  D.those

  【答案】B

  【解析】考查代词的用法。此处that指代不可数名词knowledge,其后有后置定语,用于比较句型。. Mr. Robert didn't choose any of the three jackets because he found

  _______

  of them satisfactory.

  A. all B. either C. none D. Neither

  【答案】C

  【解析】考查代词的用法。此处none意为:没有一个。句意:罗伯特先生没有选择三件夹克衫的任何一个,因为他发现没有一个满意。

  . The agreement was made quickly as both sides were satisfied with the conditions of _____.

  A. another

  B. others

  C. the other

  D. either

  【答案】 C

  【解析】考查代词的用法。根据前文的both可知:应选C两者当中的另一个。

  . 11 is a special date,

  ,I think,that will be remembered by the Americans forever.

  A.what

  B.it

  C.which

  D.one

  【答案】D

  【解析】考查代词的用法。one作date的同位语

  . Eventually, she has recognized ____, whatever happens and however bad ____ seems today, life still goes on and everything will be better tomorrow.

  A.that; it

  B.it; that

  C.it; what

  D.that; what

  【答案】A

  【解析】考查代词。that 引导宾语从句;it指代情况。

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