介 词 一、时间介词:at,in,on 1.at的用法 (1)时间的一点,时刻等,如:at 12:00,at noon。 (2)较短暂的一段时间,可指某个节日或被认为是一年中标志大事的日子,如:at Christmas。 2.in的用法 (1)表示在某个较长的时间内。 注意:当时间名词前被this,that,last,next,some,every等词限定时,通常不用任何介词。 (2)表示在将来的一段时间之后。 3.on的用法 (1)用于表示具体的日子或一个特定的时间。 (2)用于表示特定的早晨、下午或晚上。 二、工具、手段、方式介词 1.by,in,on三词都表示旅行的方式 (1)不涉及交通工具的名词时用by,名词前不带冠词,如:by sea,by water,by land,by rail,by air。 (2)涉及交通工具的名词时用by,但名词须用单数,其前面不加冠词或任何修饰语,如:by bike,by taxi。 (3)当旅行方式涉及确定特指的交通工具时,用on或in,名词前应有冠词、物主代词、指示代词等修饰语。 2.with,by,in三词均可译为“用”,表示行为的工具、手段或方式 (1)with用于有形的工具或身体某些器官之前,其后的名词多被冠词、物主代词等修饰。 (2)by,in,on,over,through等多用于无形的工具或方式、手段之前,如:by hand,in ink,on the telephone,over the radio,through the telescope。 注意:使用语言、原料、材料时用in表示。 三、介词的常见搭配 1.at,from,in的有关表达 (1)at:at dawn在黎明;at daybreak拂晓 (2)from:from memory凭记忆 (3)in:in a hurry匆忙 2.of+抽象名词=形容词 (1)of+great/much+抽象名词=very+形容词 (2)of+no+抽象名词=not+形容词
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