2016届高考英语二轮复习讲义课件：第2部分 题型专题突破 专题3（全国卷Ⅱ）

　　(2)同义或近义词复现 (2015·高考陕西卷，节选)I was _____ to do it.At age five，this dull task brought me such joy.I would excitedly turn the tap on and brush the comb carefully.Satisfied that I’d done a good job，I would happily return the comb to Dad. 27．A.annoyed

　　B．relieved C．ashamed

　　D．pleased 【解析】　联系空后的excitedly以及Satisfied可知，“我”很愿意干这个活儿，因此选pleased(高兴的)。annoyed生气的，relieved如释重负的，ashamed羞愧的，均不符合语境。 D (3)反义词复现 (2017·高考浙江卷，节选)Jeanne spoke______，and to encourage her to raise her voice，I had said，“Speak up.Simon’s the expert on this.He is the only one you have to convince，and he can’t hear you in the back of the room.” 33．A.quietly

　　B．repeatedly

　　C．quickly

　　D．firmly 【解析】　由空后的to encourage her to raise her voice可知，珍妮是在轻声地(quietly)作报告，故A项正确。repeatedly重复地；quickly迅速地；firmly坚定地，均不合语境。 A 4．利用习惯搭配及固定结构解题 完形填空中经常会测试一些固定结构和固定句式，这时考生就需要用到习惯搭配及固定结构来解题。 (2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ，节选)It _____ me that playing against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on the team.I think it is a general principle.Experience is the best teacher. 37．A.confused

　　B．struck C．reminded

　　D．warned B 【解析】　It strikes/struck sb.that...“某人突然想起……”,是固定句式，it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。这里的strike可以换成hit或occur to。confuse使困惑，remind提醒，warn警告，均与语境不符。 5．利用逻辑关系解题 逻辑关系隐藏在句子中、句与句之间以及段落的衔接中。利用逻辑关系，我们可以通过确切、具体的线索，把答案的逻辑意义推测出来，从而确定正确选项。 (1)句中逻辑关系 (2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ，节选)The lessons they learned may not

　　be ______ what they would have gotten in school，but are certainly more personal and meaningful，because they had to work them out on their own. 40．A.harmful to

　　B．mixed with C．different from

　　D．applied to C 【解析】　句意为“她们学到的经验可能与将在学校得到的并无区别(different from)，但一定更加个性化，更有意义，因为她们必须靠自己来弄清楚”。be harmful to对……有 害；be mixed with与……混合；be applied to应用于。 (2)句间逻辑关系 (2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ，节选)Where do you go when you want

　　to learn something？School？A friend？A tutor？These are

　　all ______ places of learning.But it may well be that the learning you really want lies somewhere else instead. 21．A.public

　　B．traditional C．official

　　D．special 【解析】　空格前的“School? A friend? A tutor？”所指的都是传统的(traditional) 我们可以求教的地方。public公共 的； official官方的； special特殊的。 B (3)段间逻辑关系 (2015·高考福建卷，节选)Several years ago I received a letter from seventeen－year－old Kerry，who described herself as a world－class fault－finder，almost always bothered by things.People were always doing things that annoyed her，and nothing was ever good enough.She was highly self－critical and also found fault with her friends.She became a really boring person.

　　Unfortunately，it took a horrible accident to change her _________． … A It wasn’t until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became aware of her habit of finding fault. Very quickly，she learned to appreciate life rather than to judge everything so harshly (刻薄)． 41．A.attitude

　　B．plan C．measure

　　D．explanation 【解析】　根据下文可知，在她最好的朋友经历了一次可怕的事故后,Kerry对事情的“态度(attitude)”发生了改变,故本空应选attitude。plan计划;measure措施;explanation解释。 6．利用反映作者态度或感情色彩的词汇解题 在高考完形填空文章中，我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程 中，细心找出能够反映作者态度和感情色彩的重要词汇，它们往往是名词、形容词、副词、动词等。这些词汇经常是我们做题时重要的参照线索，可以帮助我们快速确定某些题目的正确答案。 (2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ，节选)This has been a wonderful experience for our family.For days the kids have been looking for others we can help！Things would have played out so differently if I had simply said，“No，we really don’t have money to give more.” Stepping out not only helped a brother in need，it also gave my kids the ________ taste of helping others. 60．A.strong

　　B．sweet C．strange

　　D．simple B 【解析】　根据句意和前文的叙述可知，帮助别人给孩子们 带来了快乐甜蜜的滋味，所以选择sweet，而且该词与后面的 taste搭配体现了这篇文章的中心思想——帮助别人，快乐自 己。strong强壮的； strange奇怪的；simple简单的。 7．利用生活常识和文化背景解题 完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着相关的如文化科学、历史地 理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考生在做题时，若能积极地调 动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别 是注意中西文化的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过 程，节省宝贵的时间，顺利地沿作者思路阅读下去。 专题三

　　完形填空 2016高考导航——适用于全国卷Ⅱ 年份 分类 2015 2017 2017 考情分析 全国卷Ⅱ 全国卷Ⅱ 全国卷Ⅱ 文体 记叙文 议论文 记叙文 考点 名词 6 3 5 完形填空试题要求考生根据文章的整体内容，区分结构的层次和内容的逻辑关系，去选择适合文章情节的答案。所以说情景意义型的命题形式是完形填空试题自身的内在要求。这种形式的试题特点是：对于四个选项，如果孤立地看对应挖空的句子，都能满足句子的要求，无论将哪一个选项放进去， 代词 0 0 0 介词 0 1 0 形容词 3 3 4 副词 3 5 0 动词 7 8 11 连词 1 0 0 专题三

　　完形填空 年份 分类 2015 2017 2017 考情分析 全国卷Ⅱ 全国卷Ⅱ 全国卷Ⅱ 文体 记叙文 议论文 记叙文 答案分析 A 5 5 5 从词法上说都是正确的。因为这四个备选项往往是相同的词类，其词性也相同，即如果是形容词，则都是形容词；如果是副词，则都是副词等。即使个别小题中四个备选答案的词类有不相同者，其语法功能也往往是一样的。考生只有结合上下文语境才能选出正确答案。 B 5 5 5 C 5 5 5 D 5 5 5 专题三

　　完形填空 (2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ)Where do you go when you want to learn something？School？A friend？A tutor？These are all __21__ places of learning.But it may well be that the learning you really want __22__ somewhere else instead.I had the __23__ of seeing this first hand on a __24__．　 My daughter plays on a recreational soccer team.They did very well this season and so __25__ a tournament，which normally was only for more skilled club teams.This led to some __26__ experiences on Saturday as they played against teams __27__ trained.Through the first two games，her __28__ did not get one serious shot on goal.As a parent，I __29__ seeing my daughter playing her best，__30__ still defeated. It seemed that something clicked with the __31__ between Saturday and Sunday.When they __32__ for their Sunday game，they were __33__ different.They had begun to integrate (融合) the kinds of play and teamwork they had __34__ the day before into their __35__．They played aggressively and __36__ scored a goal. It __37__ me that playing against the other team was a great __38__ moment for all the girls on the team.I think it is a general principle.__39__ is the best teacher.The lessons they learned may not be __40__ what they would have gotten in school，but are certainly more personal and meaningful，because they had to work them out on their own. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者的女儿所在的足球队在和训练有素的对手比赛时前两场输了，但是这些女孩子把比赛的经验融合到了第二天的比赛中，终于得分了。作者由此得出了“经验是最好的老师”的结论。 21．A.public　

　　B．traditional C．official

　　D．special 解析：选B。空格前的“School? A friend? A tutor？”所指的都是传统的(traditional) 我们可以求教的地方。public公共的； official官方的； special特殊的。 22．A.passes

　　B．works C．lies

　　D．ends 解析：选C。根据空格后面的somewhere else instead可知，该句意思是“但很可能你真正想要学习的却在(lies)其他某个地 方”。pass经过；work工作；end结束。 23．A.dream

　　B．idea C．habit

　　D．chance 解析：选D。结合空格后面的seeing this first hand可知作者有机会(chance)亲眼看到这样的事情。dream 梦想；idea想法；habit习惯。 24．A.trip

　　B．holiday C．weekend

　　D．square 解析：选C。根据下文中的Saturday和between Saturday and Sunday这些信息可知，她们踢球的时候是周末(weekend)。trip旅游，holiday假日，square广场，均不能在文中找到与之相关的信息。 25．A.won

　　B．entered C．organized

　　D．watched 解析：选B。根据空格后面的a tournament, which normally was only for more skilled club teams可知，一般来说只有技术更好的俱乐部球队才能参加(entered)锦标赛。win赢；organize组织；watch观看。 26．A.painful

　　B．strange C．common

　　D．practical 解析：选A。结合上下文可知，她们周末对抗的球队是一些受过更好训练的球队，因此这给她们带来的肯定是一些痛苦的(painful)经历。strange奇怪的，common普通的，practical实际的，均与语境不符。 27．A.less

　　B．poorly C．newly

　　D．better 解析：选D。根据上文提到的more skilled club teams可知，这些参加锦标赛的球队都是经过更好(better)训练的球队。less更少，poorly糟糕地，二者意思与语境相反;newly最近，新近，与语境不符。 28．A.fans

　　B．tutors C．class

　　D．team 解析：选D。由空格所在句中的games(比赛)及shot(射门)可知，此处是指她的球队(team)表现不佳。fan迷，狂热爱好者；tutor导师；class班级。 29．A.imagined

　　B．hated C．avoided

　　D．missed 解析：选B。根据下文的playing her best...still defeated可知，作者不愿意(hated)看到女儿尽力踢球但仍然被打败的情景。hate doing sth.厌恶做某事。imagine想象，avoid避免，miss错过，均与语境不符。 30．A.if

　　B．or C．but

　　D．as 解析：选C。根据前面的playing her best和后面的defeated可 知，女儿虽然尽力了，但还是被打败了。前后是一种转折关 系，故选but。 31．A.girls

　　B．parents C．coaches

　　D．viewers 解析：选A。读文章可知这是一支女子足球队，因此这里指那些女孩子(girls)。parent父亲(或母亲)；coach教练；viewer观众。 32．A.dressed

　　B．showed up C．made up

　　D．planned 解析：选B。结合空格后面的for their Sunday game我们知道，这是她们在周日比赛露面(showed up)的时候。dress穿 (衣服)；make up编造；plan计划。 33．A.slightly

　　B．hardly C．basically

　　D．completely 解析：选D。结合语境，尤其是上文中的．..something

　　clicked with the...可知，好像这些女孩子们突然领悟到了什 么，这次露面时，她们完全(completely)不一样了。slightly 稍微，hardly几乎不，basically基本地，均与语境不符。 34．A.seen

　　B．known C．heard

　　D．read 解析：选A。结合语境They had begun to integrate (融合) the kinds of play and teamwork they had ______ the day before...我们知道，作者女儿的这个队把昨天她们看到(seen)的融合到今天的比赛中来了，而不是know“知道”，hear“听到”或read“读”。 35．A.styles

　　B．training C．game

　　D．rules 解析：选C。根据上文提到的their Sunday game我们知道，她们把从对方那里学到的打法和团队合作精神融合到今天的比赛(game)中来。style风格；training 训练；rule规则。 36．A.even

　　B．still C．seldom

　　D．again 解析：选A。结合空格前的They played aggressively...可知她们富有攻击性地踢球，甚至(even)得分了。still仍然，seldom很少，again又，再，均与语境不符。 37．A.confused

　　B．struck C．reminded

　　D．warned 解析：选B。It strikes/struck sb.that...“某人突然想起……”，是固定句式，it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。这里的strike可以换成hit或occur to。confuse使困惑，remind提醒，warn警告，均与语境不符。 38．A.touching

　　B．thinking C．encouraging

　　D．learning 解析：选D。根据文章首句Where do you go when you want to learn something？可知本文谈论的主要是学习，作者认为和训练有素的对手进行比赛是这些女孩子们学习(learning)的良机，以此紧扣文章主题。touching感人的，thinking有思考力的，encouraging鼓舞人心的，均与语境不符。 39．A.Experience

　　B．Independence C．Curiosity

　　D．Interest 解析：选A。通读全文可知，作者认为和训练有素的对手比赛的经验(experience)是最好的老师。因此选项A正确。 40．A.harmful to

　　B．mixed with C．different from

　　D．applied to 解析：选C。句意为“她们学到的经验可能与将在学校得到的并无区别(different from)，但一定更加个性化，更有意义，因为她们必须靠自己来弄清楚”。be harmful to对……有害；be mixed with与……混合；be applied to应用于。 完形填空注重在语境中考查词义。几乎所有的备选项都要通过联系上文或下文而确定。因此答案有的由空格所在的句子决定，有的由相邻不远的一组句子决定，还有的由整个语篇内容综合决定。因此，依据完形填空设题的考点层次，可将完形填空题分为句内层次题、句组层次题和语篇层次题。明确了完形填空解题的3大着眼点，就锁定了思考范围，有利于考生快速查找信息源，准确答题。 1．句内层次题 句内层次类题目是指通过阅读空格所处的那一句话即可找出答案的题目。

　　(2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ，节选)My 10－year－old noticed him and made a _____ on how bad it must be to have to stand outside in the cold wind. 43．A.suggestionB．comment C．decision

　　D．call 【解析】　根据后面how bad it must be...可知，这个十岁的孩子是对这个人的行为作出了评论(comment)。make a comment on对……作出评论，符合语境。make a suggestion 提建议；make a decision作决定；make a call打电话。 B 2．句组层次题 句组层次类题目是指通过阅读空格所处的那一句话不能找出正确答案，需要结合题目所在句子以外的句子(句组)才可找出答案的题目。

　　(2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ，节选)When we handed him the bag of food，he lit up and thanked us with ______ eyes.When I handed him the gift card，saying he could use it for whatever his family might need，he burst into tears. 53．A.sleepy

　　B．watery C．curious

　　D．sharp 【解析】　根据后文的he burst into tears可知，看到食物，那个人眼睛湿润(watery)了。sleepy困乏的；curious好奇的；sharp敏捷的。 B 3．语篇层次题 语篇层次类题目是指无法在句内或句组确定答案，需要结合整个语篇才能找到正确答案的题目。

　　(2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ，节选)But it may well be that the learning you really want lies somewhere else instead.I had the chance of seeing this first hand on a _______． ... This led to some painful experiences on Saturday as they played against teams better trained. ... It seemed that something clicked with the girls between Saturday and Sunday. 24．A.trip

　　B．holiday C．weekend

　　D．square C 【解析】　根据下文中的Saturday和between Saturday and Sunday这些信息可知，她们踢球的时候是周末(weekend)。trip旅游，holiday假日，square广场，均不能在文中找到与之相关的信息。 1．利用文章首句解题 完形填空首句一般不设空，而首句往往是了解全文的窗口，依据首句所给的信息常常可以看出文章的体裁和背景，从而有利于快速把握文章的主旨大意。文章首句往往是完形填空做题的切入点，开始几个空往往与首句有密切关系。

　　(2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ，节选)My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend.On the way，we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said，“Lost my job.Family to Feed.” At this store，a ______ like this is not normal. 42．A.condition

　　B．place C．sight

　　D．show 【解析】　根据句意可知，在这个商店里，像这样的情景(sight)是不正常的，所以我十岁的孩子注意到了他。condition条件，place地方，show表演，均不符合题意。 C 2．利用上下文语境解题 上下文是形成语境的基础，做题时要学会瞻前顾后，要做到 词不离句、句不离段、段不离文。因为，有时如果单独看空 格，看似几个选项填入空格都没有错，句子也通顺，但结合 全文内容来理解，就只有一个最佳答案。

　　(2015·高考福建卷，节选)Several years ago I ______ a letter from seventeen－year－old Kerry，who described herself as a world－class fault－finder，almost always bothered by things. 37．A.received

　　B．answered C．expected

　　D．rejected 【解析】　由固定搭配可知，“收到来信”动词用receive，故答案为A项。前文没有提到Kerry给作者写信，所以不能选answered(回复)。 A 3．利用语义复现解题 复现是一种语境衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等形式，重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一 起。因此，考生可根据文章的具体情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的复现现象来选择正确的答案。 (1)原词复现 (2015·高考陕西卷，节选)Dad had a green comb.He bought it when he married Mum.Every night，he would hand me his _____ and say，“Good girl，help Daddy clean it，OK？” 26．A.bag

　　B．wallet C．comb

　　D．brush 【解析】　联系文章第一句话Dad had a green comb.可知， 每天晚上，爸爸都会递给“我”他的梳子(comb)让“我”帮 他清洗。 C 专题三

　　完形填空