2017届高考英语一轮复习创新模拟练习：专题1 名词和冠词（全国通用含解析）

　　专题一名词和冠词

　　根据高考命题大数据软件分析，重点关注第2、3、7、10、14、18、26、28、29、30题

　　模拟精选题

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空

　　1．(2016·漳州八校联考)“Reading for pleasure” plays a more important role in ones________(grow) than one’s family background.

　　答案　growth　[放在物主代词ones后面的应是名词。]

　　2．(2016·河北五个一名校联盟检测)I had no ________(choose) but to prepare for it, though.

　　答案　choice　[考查词形变化。have no choice but to do sth是固定表达，意思是除了……别无选择。故答案为choice。]

　　3．(2016·庐江六校联盟)During my tour to Kunming in Yunnan Province, I met________young Australian at Liuzhou railway station.

　　答案　a　[考查冠词。第一次提到用不定冠词，一个年轻的澳大利亚人，a表示某一个，表示泛指概念。]

　　4．(2016·江西红色七校联考)As he approached the bridge, the sound got louder and then he saw________ pitiful sight.

　　答案　a　[考查冠词。pitiful sight，本句不缺成分，但sight表示场景时为可数名词，前需用数量词，故填a。]

　　5．(2016·河南六市三月联考)The students with hobbies left school with many extra(skill)．

　　答案　skills　[前面有many修饰，故用复数形式。]

　　6．(2016·银川一中高三一模)If your parents see that you have ________high sense of responsibility, they will give you the right to do what you want to do.

　　答案　a　[考查固定搭配。a sense of responsibility责任感。]

　　7．(2016·南昌名校联考)________ news hit ________ Venice Film Festival unexpectedly：Hayao Miyazaki, the worlds most honored creator of animated features, was ending his movie career.

　　答案　The；the　[考查冠词。句意：世界上最受尊敬的长篇动画导演宫崎骏，将要结束他的长篇动画制作生涯。这一消息震惊了威尼斯电影节。从句意可以看出，两个空都是特指。]

　　8．(2016·湖北宜昌一中月考)Ants are gathering in their winter food in the middle of summer and make ________ (prepare) for the long cold winter.

　　答案　preparations　[考查固定搭配。make preparations for...为……作准备。]

　　9．(2016·安徽宿松中学月考)With great ________ (satisfy)，he soon fell asleep.

　　答案　satisfaction　[形容词great修饰名词，所以填satisfaction。]

　　10．(2015·河北衡水期末)The ________ (change) are gradual and require a lot of efforts and work，like cleaning up a polluted river.

　　答案　changes　[考查名词。变化是逐渐的，需要很多努力和工作。因为这里缺少的是句子的主语，根据谓语动词are可知主语应该是复数changes。]

　　11．(2015·太原一模)But Jane knew from past experience that her ____ (choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father.

　　答案　choice　[考查名词。根据句子结构可知，此处为宾语从句的主语，且在形容词性物主代词her之后一定要用名词形式。]

　　12．(2015·亳州一模)Some like to call their friends，sometimes many times ________ day.

　　答案　a　[考查不定冠词。有些人喜欢给朋友打电话，有时一天打很多次。a每一，表泛指，相当于per。]

　　13．(2015·泉州高中质检)I remember taking ________ English class in college on the short story.

　　答案　an[考查不定冠词。我记得在大学时上了一节关于短篇小说的英语课。名词class为可数名词，前面缺少冠词修饰，注意English前的冠词应为an。]

　　14．(2015·东营一中期末)Now years later，this river is one of ________ most outstanding examples of environmental clean－up.

　　答案　the　[考查定冠词。这里是“one of＋ the ＋可数名词的复数”结构，表示“……之一”。]

　　15．(2015·河南洛阳一高月考)On the other hand, chopsticks reflect ________(gentle) and kindness.

　　答案　gentleness　[考查名词。另一方面，筷子所反and连接两个并列成分以及名词kindness可知，此处要用名词作动词reflect的宾语。]

　　16．(2015·广东揭阳一中、潮州金山中学联考)So are most of the ________(express) made with the word hot.

　　答案　expressions　[考查名词。most of the后跟名词

　　17．(2015·陕西咸阳模拟)Actually we can encourage ourselves to work efficiently, full of ________(determine)．

　　答案　determination　[考查名词。介词of 后面应该用名词作宾语。]

　　18．(2015·宁夏银川一中月考)I named them “cookies” because I always feel that children can bring great happiness and ________(excite) to my life.

　　答案　excitement　[考查名词。该处需要excite的名词形式和happiness一起作bring的宾语。]

　　19．(2015·广州海珠区摸底)In the forest, I really want to see ________ elephant close up.

　　答案　an　[考查不定冠词。elephant为可数名词，表泛指要用不定冠词an。]

　　20．(2015·山西太原五中月考)The small damage may not seem worth all ________ trouble, but what if I had been seriously injured?

　　答案　the　[考查定冠词。小损伤好像不值得这么麻烦。此处表示特指。]

　　21．(2015·黑龙江双鸭山一中月考)Scott was ________ much better student than his sister, and has been working so hard for the last few months.

　　答案　a　[考查不定冠词。斯科特是一个比他姐姐成绩更好的学生。此处为描述，故要用不定冠词。]

　　22．(2015·云南玉溪一中月考)First start by making __ quick list of how you can show respect at school.

　　答案　a　[考查不定冠词。make a list of 列……的表，对……列清单。]

　　23．(2015·黑龙江大庆一中段考)He wants to be a ________(write)．

　　答案　writer　[考查名词。他想成为一个作家。writer作家。]

　　24．(2015·四川绵阳一次诊断)All life ________ (challenge) bring about an ending and the chance for ________(begin)．

　　答案　challenges　[考bring可以判断出作主语的名词应该用复数形式。]

　　beginning　[考查名词。介词for后面跟名词或动名词，故答案为beginning。]

　　25．(2017·河南濮阳市二模)Its still a useful and pleasant form of ________ (communicate)．

　　答案　communication　[考查名词。介词of之后要用名词形式communication。]

　　26．(2017·河南郑州二次质检)To be interested in these things is silly because it is none of their ________ to know what their neighbours do or are doing.

　　答案　business　[考查名词。对这些事情感兴趣是很傻的，因为知道邻居做了什么或者正在做什么都与他们自己无关。Its none of one’s business与某人无关。]

　　27．(2017·黑龙江哈三中一模)I usually surf ________ net，read news and anything I am interested in，check e－mails or chat with other people.

　　答案　the　[考查定冠词。固定表达surf the net浏览网络，网上冲浪。]

　　28．(2017·甘肃民乐一中诊断)One day，about ten years ago，I saw ________ elderly couple come in with a little girl in a wheelchair.

　　答案　an　[考查不定冠词。此处泛指一对老夫妇，且elderly前要用an。]

　　29．(2017·贵州铜仁一中模拟)She programs us with all ________ possible moves she has seen.

　　答案　the　[考查定冠词的用法。她把看到过的所有的行she has seen可知，这里是特指，故要用the。]

　　30．(2017·宁夏大学附属中学二模)Our local Community Youth Club is very popular with young people in my town.I have been ________ member for four years now.

　　答案　a　[考查不定冠词。我成为其中的一员已经四年了。表泛指要用a。]

　　Ⅱ.语篇语法填空

　　阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　(2016·吉林摸底)The music industry is never short of teen pop stars with wonderful looks，__1__ it doesnt often find one like the US singer Taylor Swift.“Beneath Taylor Swift’s not－a－girl，not－yet－a－woman sweetness hides a very __2__ (skill) songwriting technique (技巧)，”writes Leah Greenblatt with Entertainment Weekly.

　　The country singer explains，“Songwriting is how I deal with problems.I am used to __3__ (write) about things that influence me most.”So in her songs，there is always something __4__ (honesty)．They seem like stories from her diary and that __5__ certain) helps Swift attract her audience.

　　She has sold more than 13 million __6__ (copy) worldwide of her first two albums，2006s self－titled debut (首张专辑) and 2008s Fearless.She’s the __7__ (young) artist ever to be named Artist of the Year at the American Music Awards.Nor surprisingly，there were great expectations for her third album，Speak Now，__8__ she again returned __9__ her own life for material.“The 14 songs are all about the last two years...when life was a little bit bigger and __10__ (crazy)，”says Swift.“So Ive written about the lessons and confusion and heartbreak and all the different things that go along with being 18，19 and 20.”

　　答案　1.but　2.skillful　3.writing　4.honest　5.certainly　6.copies　7.youngest　8.where　9.to　10.crazier

　　创新导向题

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空

　　1．(关注定语从句中主谓一致问题) The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials，the rest of which________(be) saved for other purposes.

　　答案　were　[句意：工厂用掉了65%的原材料，其余的留作他which引导非限制性定语从句，本句中的which指代the raw materials，“the rest of＋名词”作主语，谓语动词应与of后的名词保持一致。本题设空处应用复数，故答案为were。]

　　2．(关注抽象名词具体化的使用)________ on－going division between English－speaking Canadians and French－speaking Canadians is ________

　　major concern of the country.

　　答案　The；a　[考查冠词的用法。第一空表示特指；第二空表示泛指。a major concern表示“一件主要关注的事情”。]

　　3．(关注某些名词的思维定势的问题)On ________

　　Friday when Tom was having an art lesson，as he had no color pencils with him，he drew ________ blue sun with his pen.

　　答案　a；a　[当指某个星期几时，要用不定冠词；当sun，moon，world等前面有形容词修饰时，其前应该用不定冠词。]

　　Ⅱ.语篇填空

　　A．用括号内所给词的适当形式填空

　　WHAT DOES IT COME UNDER?

　　If youre dieting there are certain __1__ (food) you really have to avoid: __2__ (cake) and __3__ (biscuit) are out for a start，but you cant live for ever on

　　__4__ (tomato) and __5__ (orange)．There are __6__ (man) and __7__ (woman) who spend their entire __8__ (life) counting the calories they take in each day.Some national __9__ (cuisine) make you fat.The __10__ (Japanese) have a high protein diet，while the __11__ (Swiss) eat a lot of milk __12__ (product)．Personally，Im lucky not to have to diet，but my friend，John，cant eat anything without looking it up in his Calorie Chart.This is carefully organized so that __13__ (strawberry) and __14__ (peach) are under ‘Fruit’；__15__(potato) and spaghetti come under Starchy Foods’，and so on.I entertained John to a nice low－calorie meal yesterday and at the end I offered him some jelly.“What does jelly’ come under？”he asked looking at his chart.“Half a litre of double cream，”I said，pouring the stuff over my plate!

　　答案　1.foods　2.cakes　3.biscuits　4.tomatoes　5.oranges　6.men　7.women　8.lives　9.cuisine　10.Japanese　11.Swiss 　12.products　13.strawberries　14.peaches　15.potatoes

　　B．根据文意填入适当的冠词

　　Ireland，Japan，China scientists share __1__ 2015 Nobel Prize for medicine.William Campbell，Satoshi Omura and Tu Youyou jointly won the prize for their work against diseases，the award－giving body said on Monday.

　　Campell born in Ireland and Japanese Omura won half of the prize for __2__ new drug，which has helped __3__ battle against river blindness，as well as showing powerful effect against other diseases.

　　The Chinese scientist Tu Youyou also discovered artemisinin (青蒿素)，a drug that has sharply reduced __4__ death rates for patients suffering from malaria (疟疾)．She is also __5__ first Chinese citizen to win the Nobel Prize for medicine.The prize winning is __6__ honour for Chinas science cause and traditional Chinese medicine.

　　“These two discoveries provide __7__ humankind with __8__ new way to fight these diseases that affect hundreds of millions of people annually.The award for Tu Youyou is the result of a major change in __9__ way China performs scientific research.China has spent __10__ lot of money on such research over the past years，”a member of the Nobel committee said.

　　答案　1.the　2.a　3.the　4.the　5.the　6.an　7./

　　8．a　9.the　10.a