【复习方略】2017版高考英语一轮外研版课时提升作业：选修6 Module 1《Small Talk》（含解析）

　　课时提升作业(三十一)

　　Ⅰ. 单项填空

　　1. You are really very kind. I’ll never forget the　you have done for me.

　　A. favour

　　B. deed

　　C. help

　　D. good

　　2. Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a　of exercise.

　　A. limit

　　B. lack

　　C. need

　　D. demand

　　3. We pulled down the old house for the　of making room for the newly-built one.

　　A. purpose

　　B. meaning

　　C. face

　　D. use

　　4. What you said just now did hurt his feeling, I think, 　you should apologise.

　　A. for which

　　B. to whom

　　C. which

　　D. whom

　　5. 　that the meeting be put off till next week.

　　A. As is suggested

　　B. It is suggested

　　C. It suggests

　　D. What is suggested

　　6. To trade on the Internet, the buyers need to pay　.

　　A. in return

　　B. in detail

　　C. in addition

　　D. in advance

　　7. This word is wrongly spelt, because you have　a letter of it.

　　A. left out

　　B. left behind

　　C. took off

　　D. took up

　　8. (2017·合肥模拟)　you talk to someone or write a message, you show your skills to others.

　　A. At times

　　B. Some time

　　C. Every time

　　D. The time

　　9. —Look! He’s running so fast!

　　—Hard to　his legs were once broken.

　　A. know

　　B. imagine

　　C. realize

　　D. find

　　10. He felt familiar with the name but he couldn’t　the person.

　　A. think of

　　B. think about

　　C. think over

　　D. think out

　　11. (2017·哈尔滨模拟)I’ve talked a lot about walking. I want to say it is a cheap, safe and enjoyable form of exercise, and　it’s environmentally friendly.

　　A. all in all

　　B. in conclusion

　　C. in other words

　　D. in addition

　　12. In the　of evidence, the police could not take action against the man.

　　A. lack

　　B. absence

　　C. shortage

　　D. failure

　　13. (2017·葫芦岛模拟)—It was Sunday that day and I　up very early.

　　—So you really had a good rest.

　　A. didn’t need to get

　　B. needn’t have got

　　C. needn’t to get

　　D. don’t need get

　　14. The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I　the trouble to carry my umbrella with me.

　　A. should have taken

　　B. could have taken

　　C. needn’t have taken

　　D. mustn’t have taken

　　15. It is bad manners to　others while they are having a conversation.

　　A. ask

　　B. bother

　　C. interrupt

　　D. doubt

　　Ⅱ. 阅读理解

　　A

　　(2017·德州模拟)

　　Informal conversation is an important part of any business relationship. Before you start a discussion, however, make sure you understand which topics are suitable and which are considered taboos(禁忌)in a particular culture. Latin Americans enjoy sharing information about their local history, art, and customs. They expect questions about their family and are sure to show pictures of their children. You may feel free to ask similar questions of your Latin American friends. The French think of conversation as an art form, and they enjoy the value of lively discussions as well as disagreements. For them, arguments can be interesting—and they can cover pretty much or any topic—as long as they occur in a respectful and intelligent(智慧的)manner.

　　In the United States, business people like to discuss a wide range of topics, including opinions about work, family, hobbies, and politics. In Japan, China and Korea, however, people are much more private. They do not share much about their thoughts, feelings, or emotions because they feel that doing so might take away from the harmonious(和谐的)business relationship they’re trying to build. Middle Easterners are also private about their personal lives and family matters. It is considered rude, for example, to ask a businessman from Saudi Arabia about his wife or children.

　　As a general rule, it’s best not to talk about politics or religion(宗教)with your business friends. This can get you into trouble, even in the United States, where people hold different views. In addition, discussing one’s salary is usually considered unsuitable. Sports is typically a friendly subject in most parts of the world, although be careful not to criticize a national sport. Instead, be friendly and praise your host’s team. (296W)

　　1. The author considers politics and religion　.

　　A. cheerful topics　 　B. taboos

　　C. rude topics

　　D. too serious

　　2. We typically talk about　in a friendly way in most places according to the author?

　　A. Sports.

　　B. Children.

　　C. Personal feelings.

　　D. Families.

　　3. Why are people from Asia more private in their conversation with others?

　　A. They don’t want to talk with others much.

　　B. They don’t want to have their good relationship with others harmed by informal conversation.

　　C. They are afraid to argue with their colleagues.

　　D. They want to keep their feelings to themselves.

　　4. What shouldn’t you do when talking about sports with colleagues from another country?

　　A. Praising your own country’s sports.

　　B. Criticizing your own country’s sports.

　　C. Praising the sports of your colleagues’ country.

　　D. Criticizing the sports of your colleagues’ country.

　　B

　　It’s increasingly common in today’s society to use outdoor lighting around our homes and businesses to draw attention to a sign, provide security and allow people to be more active at night. However, according to a recent article at Discovery-News. com, scientists suggest that light pollution is a growing problem for wildlife. Migratory birds are getting confused and flying into the sides of skyscrapers. Nocturnal(夜间活动的)creatures have to hurry when they’re out looking for dinner(while becoming easier to be dinner when they’re out looking for food). And newborn sea turtles are crawling inland rather than heading out to sea.

　　Travis Longcore, director of the California-based Urban Wild-lands Group said, “We’ve turned many places of the globe into permanent full moon, or more. ”And this “permanent full moon” effect is causing animals that depend on the darkness of night for their survival to lose all sense of direction.

　　Instead of totally pulling the plug on lights, there are a few ways we can cut down on the amount of nightly light pollution we help create. Some communities and cities have passed Dark Sky laws to preserve and protect the night-time environment through quality outdoor lighting.

　　Chicago, for example, became the first city in the United States to dim their tall buildings at night during spring and fall bird migrations. The Windy City does this for nearly five months a year, in an effort to help save birds’ lives.

　　And several lighting manufacturers offer dark-sky friendly lights that are specifically designed to cut down outward and upward lights. In addition, reducing wasted light saves money, energy and resources, which in turn reduces air pollution and carbon dioxide emissions caused by energy production. (295W)

　　5. How can light pollution affect migratory birds?

　　A. They will easily get lost on their way of migration.

　　B. They will change their living habits.

　　C. They cannot find food any more.

　　D. They cannot fly over tall buildings.

　　6. Chicago will dim their tall buildings at night to　.

　　A. make people sleep well

　　B. prevent birds from migration

　　C. make the night more beautiful

　　D. save birds’ lives

　　7. What Travis Long core says in the second paragraph suggests that　.

　　A. the full moon is the main cause of light pollution

　　B. the effect of the “permanent full moon” threatens birds’ survival

　　C. the full moon has done great harm to birds

　　D. the effect of the “permanent full moon” is still not clear

　　8. We can infer from the last paragraph that　.

　　A. dark-sky friendly lights are not effective enough

　　B. light pollution can worsen air pollution

　　C. air pollution will be more serious during the day

　　D. dark-sky friendly lights are designed for birds

　　【语篇随练】

　　Ⅰ. 请根据阅读理解A进行句型转换

　　1. The French think of conversation as an art form, and they enjoy the value of lively discussions as well as disagreements.

　　→The French ______conversation ___ ___an art form, and they enjoy ____ ____ disagreements ____ ____ the value of lively discussions.

　　2. In addition, discussing one’s salary is usually considered unsuitable.

　　→______, ____ ____usually considered unsuitable _____ ______ one’s salary.

　　Ⅱ. 请将下列阅读理解A中的句子翻译成汉语

　　They do not share much about their thoughts, feelings, or emotions because they feel that doing so might take away from the harmonious business relationship they’re trying to build.

　　【译】________________________________________________

　　答案解析

　　Ⅰ.1.【解析】选A。考查名词词义及搭配。句意: 你真是太好了。我永远忘不了你对我的帮助。favour的意思是“恩惠, 善意的行为”。do sb. a favour或do a favour for sb. 的意思是“帮某人一个忙”, 因此本题的正确答案选A。

　　2.【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。句意: 健康问题和不良饮食习惯以及缺乏锻炼密切相关。lack“缺少, 缺乏”, 符合句意。limit“限制”; need“需要”; demand“需要, 要求”。

　　3.【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。句意: 我们拆掉旧房子的目的是为建新房子腾出地方。for the purpose of“出于……的目的”。meaning“意思”; face“面对”; use“用途”。

　　4.【解析】选A。考查定语从句。句意: 你刚才说的话的确伤了他的感情, 我认为, 你应该为此道歉。I think为插入语; apologise to sb. for(doing)sth. 是固定短语, 意为“因为(做某事)向某人道歉”, which指代前面整句话。因前面没有指人的名词, 可排除B。

　　5.【解析】选B。考查固定句式。句意: 有人建议把会议推迟到下周举行。It is+过去分词+that. . . 为固定句式, 其中it为形式主语, 真正的主语为that引导的从句。

　　【知识拓展】

　　it作形式主语常见句型

　　动词不定式、动名词或主语从句作主语时, 通常把它们放在谓语动词后, 而用it作形式主语, 放到句首。常见句型有:

　　(1)It+be+形容词/名词词组+主语从句/动词不定式。例如:

　　It is uncertain whether he can come to Jenny’s birthday party or not.

　　不能确定他是否来参加珍妮的生日宴会。

　　(2)It + be +过去分词+主语从句, 这类过去分词有: announced, believed, expected, hoped, decided, reported, said, shown等。例如:

　　It is reported that 16 people were killed in the earthquake.

　　据报道, 有16人在地震中丧生。

　　(3)It+不及物动词+主语从句, 这类不及物动词有: appear, happen, seem等。例如:

　　It seemed that he didn’t tell the truth.

　　好像他没说实话。

　　(4)It+ be+形容词(+for sb. )+动词不定式

　　这类句型常用形容词easy, difficult, hard, important, possible等作表语, 有时候为了强调不定式动作的执行者, 常在不定式前加for sb. 。例如:

　　It’s necessary for the young to master two foreign languages.

　　对年轻人来说, 掌握两门外语是必要的。

　　(5)It + be +形容词+ of sb. +动词不定式, 这类形容词常是表示心理品质、性格特征的形容词。例如: kind, nice, stupid, clever, foolish, polite, impolite, silly, selfish, considerate等。某人和这些形容词可以构成主系表结构。例如:

　　It’s very kind of you to help me with the work.

　　=You are so kind to help me with the work.

　　你帮助我做这项工作真是太好了。

　　(6)It+be+名词或形容词+动名词, 这类名词和形容词常常是: good, no good, no use, a waste of time, useless, senseless等。例如:

　　It is no use arguing about the matter with him.

　　和他争论这件事没用。

　　(7)It + takes(sb. )+时间(金钱)+动词不定式。例如:

　　It took the workers almost three years to finish building the dam.

　　建成这个大坝用了这些工人几乎三年的时间。

　　6.【解析】选D。考查短语辨析。句意: 在网上进行交易时, 买家要先付款。in return作为回报, 反过来; in detail详细地; in addition另外; in advance提前。由题意知选D项。

　　7.【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 这个单词你拼写错了, 因为你漏掉了其中的一个字母。根据句意可知leave out遗漏, 漏掉, 符合句意。leave behind“落在后面, 把……抛在后面”; take off“脱掉, 起飞”; take up“占据, 占用”。均不符合句意。

　　【变式备选】

　　When you rewrite the paragraph, I advise you to　the last sentence as it is rather misleading.

　　A. point out B. make out

　　C. leave out

　　D. put out

　　【解析】选C。考查短语动词的用法。句意: 当你重写该段落时, 我建议你删除最后一个句子, 因为它起误导作用。根据句子意思, 尤其是后面的“misleading误导”判断, 此处应该使用leave out, 表示“删除”的意思。

　　8.【解析】选C。考查引导状语从句的连词。句意: 每当你和别人谈话或写些东西时, 你都在向别人展示你的技能。every time意为“每次……的时候”, 引导时间状语从句, 其他三项都不能引导时间状语从句。

　　9.【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意: ——看!他跑得真快!——很难想象他的腿曾经摔断过。imagine“想象”; know“认识, 知道”; realize “实现, 意识到”; find“发现, 找到”。

　　【变式备选】

　　　her so excited last night?

　　A. What do you imagine making

　　B. What do you imagine made

　　C. Do you imagine what made

　　D. Do you imagine what had made

　　【解析】选B。考查句式结构。do you imagine为插入语, 真正的句子结构为What made her so excited last night? 此题易错选A, 误认为是imagine doing结构。

　　10.【解析】选A。考查相似短语辨析。句意: 他感到这个名字很熟悉但是就是想不起这个人。think of“想到, 想起”, 符合句意。think about“考虑”; think over“仔细考虑”; think out“想出, 设计出”。

　　11.【解析】选D。考查介词短语辨析。句意: 关于散步我已经说了很多。我想说这是一种经济、安全和使人愉快的锻炼形式, 并且除此之外, 它也环保。in addition意为“除此以外”, 符合句意。all in all总之; in conclusion总之; in other words换句话说。

　　12.【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。句意: 由于缺乏证据, 警察无法对这个人采取行动。in the absence of“缺乏”。A、C可以表示“缺少”, 但都不用此搭配; D项不合句意。

　　13.【解析】选A。句意: ——那天是星期天, 我无需早起。——因此你确实休息得很好。didn’t need to do无需……。needn’t have done没必要做, 但实际上做了。根据句意可知选A。

　　14.【解析】选C。考查情态动词的用法。句意: 昨天天气不错。我本没有必要费事带着伞。should have done本应该做而未做; could have done本能够做而未做; mustn’t禁止, 不许。needn’t have done本不必做而做了, 符合题意。

　　15.【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 当别人在谈话时打断他们是不礼貌的。interrupt表示“打断某人的谈话”; ask询问; bother麻烦; doubt怀疑。根据句意, 应选C项。

　　Ⅱ.

　　非正式谈话是任何商业关系中的一个重要组成部分, 不过, 谈话时可别无所顾忌, 一定要适可而止。

　　1.【解析】选B。推理判断题。从最后一段第一句话As a general rule, it’s best not to talk about politics or religion with your business friends. 可以明显看出答案选B。

　　2.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段第四句话Sports is typically a friendly subject in most parts of the world. . . 可知答案选A。

　　3.【解析】选B。推理判断题。从第二段第三句话. . . because they feel that doing so might take away from the harmonious business relationship they’re trying to build. 可以推知。

　　4.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段第四句话中的. . . although be careful not to criticize a national sport可知答案为D。

　　本文是环保时文。介绍灯光污染以及人们已采取的相应措施。

　　5.【解析】选A。细节理解题。从文章第一段的Migratory birds are getting confused. . . 可知, 因为灯光污染, 迁徙的鸟会迷失方向。

　　6.【解析】选D。细节理解题。从文章倒数第二段最后一句可知, 芝加哥在鸟类迁徙的季节熄灭高楼灯光的目的是为了保护鸟类, 挽救它们的生命。

　　7.【解析】选B。推理判断题。分析文章第二段可知, 灯光在夜晚造成的“永久圆月”效应威胁着鸟类的生存。

　　8.【解析】选B。推理判断题。文章最后一段说明, 夜晚的灯光消耗大量能源, 减少灯光污染, 同时也会减少空气污染。

　　【语篇随练】

　　Ⅰ. 1. think； to be；not only；but also

　　2.besides；it is；to discuss

　　Ⅱ.他们不过多地分享他们的想法或情感, 因为他们感觉这样做会把他们努力培养起来的和谐的商业关系破坏掉。