2017年高考英语二轮复习精品资料：专题03 形容词和副词（教学案）（原卷版）

　　形容词和副词在高考试题中始终占很重要的地位。近几年高考对形容词和副词的考查具有“淡化语法、注重深层语义”的特点，以形容词和副词辨析为热点。同时继续加强对形容词和副词比较等级的考查。其考点主要包括：

　　1.考查形容词和副词词义辨析。

　　2.考查形容词修饰名词时的词序，即指示代词/不定代词＋数词(序数词、基数词)＋描绘性形容词＋特征性形容词(大小、长短、高低、形状、年龄、新旧)＋颜色形容词＋国籍、出处＋物质、材料＋用途、类别＋中心名词。

　　3．考查形容词和副词比较等级的常用句型及其修饰成分在句中的位置。

　　4．考查与形容词和副词有关的习语结构。

　　一形容词和副词的基本用法

　　1．形容词在句中的作用。

　　(1)形容词在句中可作定语、表语和补语。

　　(2)形容词在句中也可作状语，用来表示主语所处的状态。

　　He was lying in bed，dead.

　　(3)alone/afraid/asleep/awake/alive/ashamed/ill/well(身体好)等常用作表语而不用作定语。如：

　　He is an ill man.(错)

　　The man is ill.(对)

　　She is an afraid girl.(错)

　　The girl is afraid.(对)

　　(4)two­year­old/200­metre­long/one­thousand­word等复合形容词中的名词要用单数，一般只用作前置定语。如：

　　Tom is a two­year­old boy.

　　2．副词在句中的作用。

　　副词在句中一般用作状语，修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，也可修饰整个句子。如：

　　Obviously you are wrong.

　　二常用连接性副词的用法

　　1．though用作副词时，常在句末，意为“然而，可是”，表示转折意义。

　　2．therefore“因此，所以”，表示结果。

　　3．meanwhile“与此同时，在此期间”，表示前后分句的动作同时发生。

　　4．moreover“另外”，表示承接关系。

　　5．however“然而”，表示让步、转折，常用逗号与句子的其他成分隔开。

　　6．besides“另外；还有”，表示递进关系。

　　7．instead“相反”，表示前后分句意义相反。

　　三形容词、副词的比较级及最高级

　　1．平级比较

　　(1)as＋形容词/副词原级＋as像……一样

　　(2)as＋adj.＋a/an＋名词＋as像……一样的……

　　(3)as much＋a/an＋名词＋as和……一样是……

　　(4)not as/so＋形容词/副词原级＋as...不如……那样……

　　Henry is a worker as good as Peter (is)．

　　＝Henry is as good a worker as Peter (is)．

　　Henry和Peter一样都是好工人。

　　It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.

　　人们普遍认为，教学是一门科学，同时也是一门艺术。

　　2．比较级

　　(1)the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..越……，越……

　　The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you'll make.

　　你越仔细，你犯的错误越少。

　　(2)the＋比较级＋of the two＋名词，表示“两个中较……的”。

　　The taller of the two boys is my brother.

　　这两个男孩中较高的是我哥哥。

　　3．比较级的修饰词

　　常见的修饰词有much，a lot，a great deal，far，even，a bit, a little, any(否定句、疑问句中)，具体的数据等。

　　He is much taller than Yao Ming.

　　他比姚明高多了。

　　但是very/quite/fairly一般不用来修饰比较级；最高级常用by far/much或序数词作状语。如：

　　The population of China is by far the largest in the world.

　　Africa is the second largest continent.

　　4．几种带有否定词的比较句型

　　(1)no better than表示“和……一样；实际等于……”。例如：

　　The patient is no better than he was yesterday.

　　病人的情况和昨天一样(不好)。

　　(2)no more...than表示“同……一样不”。例如：

　　A whale is no more a fish than a horse is.

　　鲸和马都不是鱼。

　　(3)no less... than表示“和……一样；不逊于”。例如：

　　The technique of writing is no less difficult than that of the

　　other arts.

　　写作技巧和其他艺术技巧一样困难。

　　5．比较级表达最高级含义

　　(1)“否定词＋比较级”有最高级的含义。

　　Your story is perfect；I've never heard a better one before。

　　你的故事太完美了，我从来没有听到比这更好听的故事。

　　(2)比较级在以下几种句式中均表示最高级含义。

　　比较级＋than＋any other＋单数名词

　　比较级＋than＋all the other＋复数名词

　　比较级＋than＋anyone else

　　比较级＋than＋any of the other＋复数名词

　　比较级＋than＋the rest of＋复数名词或不可数名词

　　例如：朱莉娅是她班上最高的女生。(一句多译)

　　Julia is taller than any other girl in her class.

　　②Julia is taller than all the other girls in her class.

　　③Julia is taller than any of the other girls in her class.

　　④Julia is taller than the rest of girls in her class.

　　⑤Julia is the tallest girl in her class.

　　四倍数表达法

　　1．A is＋倍数＋比较级＋than＋B

　　2．A is＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B

　　3．A is＋倍数＋the＋名词(size，length，height等)＋of＋B

　　4．the＋名词(size，length，height等)＋of A is＋倍数＋that＋of＋B

　　5．A

　　is＋倍数＋what引导的名词性从句

　　长江是珠江的三倍长。(一句多译)

　　The Yangtze River is twice longer than the Pearl River.

　　②The Yangtze River is three times as long as the Pearl River.

　　③The Yangtze River is three times the length of the Pearl River.

　　④The length of the Yangtze River is three times that of the Pearl River.

　　五形容词作定语时的位置

　　1．通常置于所修饰的词之前，但不定代词的定语通常在后面。如：

　　Someone strange is asking to see you.

　　Something unexpected happened and we had to make some changes to our plan.

　　2．else常放在不定代词和疑问代词后面作定语。如：

　　No one else can answer the question.

　　3．多个形容词作定语时的词序为：大小、长短、高低形状/年龄、新旧颜色/来源、国籍、地区、出处/材料/用途。如：

　　an expensive Japanese sports car, those three beautiful large square old brown wood table.

　　考点一

　　形容词、副词的比较等级用法

　　1．It may not be a great suggestion. But before ________ is put forward, we’ll make do with it.

　　A．a good oneB．a better one

　　C．the best one

　　D．a best one

　　I think watching TV every evening is a waste of time — there are ________ meaningful things to do.

　　A．less

　　B．more

　　C．the least

　　D．the most

　　This is by far ________ movie that I have ever seen.

　　A．an inspiring

　　B．a much inspiring

　　C．the most inspiring

　　D．the more inspiring

　　考点二

　　形容词、副词辨析

　　．David is ________ animal fur, so he won’t visit anyone who has cats or dogs in the house.

　　A．curious about

　　B．allergic to

　　C．satisfied with

　　D．fond of

　　The Forbidden City attracts a ________ stream of visitors every day, especially during national holidays.

　　A．constant

　　B．main

　　C．powerful

　　D．shallow

　　Tony can hardly boil an egg, still ________ cook dinner.

　　A．less

　　B．little

　　C．much

　　D．more

　　考点三

　　倍数表达法

　　．This restaurant wasn't ________ that other restaurant we went to.

　　A．half as good as

　　B．as half good as

　　C．as good as half

　　D．good as half as

　　The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be ______ the present one.

　　A．as three times big as

　　B．three times as big as

　　C．as big as three times

　　D．as big three times as

　　考点四

　　形容词作状语

　　． ________ , she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile.

　　A．Shy and cautious

　　B．Sensitive and thoughtful

　　C．Honest and confident

　　D．Lighthearted and optimistic

　　1．(2016·新课标Ⅰ，63)The title will be ________(official)given to me at a ceremony in London.

　　2．(2016·新课标Ⅱ，41)If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work，you should take a step back and identify(识别)those of ________(great)and less importance.

　　3．(2016·新课标Ⅱ，47)Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks ________(regular)．

　　4．(2016·新课标Ⅲ，66)Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which ________(gradual)turned into chopsticks.

　　5．(2016·四川，62)Chinese scientists ________(recent)had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby.

　　6．(2016·四川，63)She was a very ________(care)mother.

　　7．(2016·浙江，6)That young man is honest，cooperative，always there when you need his help.In short，he's ________(rely)．

　　8．(2016·浙江，18)I have always enjoyed all the events you organized and I hope to attend ________(many)in the coming years.

　　1.(2015·江苏，31)The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and

　　(comprehension)review of the case.

　　2.(2015·浙江，14)Listening is thus an active, not a

　　(passively), behavior consisting of hearing, understanding and remembering.

　　3.(2015·湖北，27)Even though the conference hall is near his apartment, he has to hurry a little if he wants to be

　　(punctually).

　　4.(2015·湖北，28)I don't think what he said is

　　(relevance)to the topic we are discussing.He has missed the point.

　　5.(2015·四川，7)Andy is content with the toy.It is the

　　(good)he has ever got.

　　6.(2015·四川，9)Little Tom sat

　　(amaze)watching the monkey dancing in

　　front of him.

　　7.(2015·安徽，26)I'm so

　　(gratitude)to all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily.

　　8.(2015·福建，23)It was

　　(consider)of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.

　　9.(2015·浙江，13)Most of us, if we know even a little about where our food comes from, understand that every bite put into our mouths was

　　(former)alive.

　　10.(2015·湖北，29)The girl used to be shy, but is

　　(gradual)getting active in

　　group work and is more willing to express herself.

　　11.(2015·安徽，31)They gave money to the old people's home either

　　(personal)or through their companies.

　　1.（2017浙江卷 ）4. Joe is proud and ______, never admitting he is wrong and always looking for someone else to blame.

　　A. strict

　　B. sympathetic

　　C. stubborn

　　D. sensitive

　　（2017浙江卷 ）13. The aim of education is to teach young people to think for themselves and not follow others ______ .

　　A. blindly

　　B. unwillingly

　　C. closely

　　D. carefully

　　（2017大纲卷）27. Raymond’s parents wanted him to have ______ possible education.

　　A. good

　　B. better

　　C. best

　　D. the best

　　（2017大纲卷）34. Henry was away from home for quiet a bit and _____ saw his family.

　　A. frequently

　　B. seldom

　　C. always

　　D. usually

　　（2017大纲卷）35. --- What did you do last weekend?

　　--- Nothing _____.

　　A. much

　　B. else

　　C. ever

　　D. yet

　　（2017福建卷）24. With online shopping increasingly popular, the Internet is seen as a(n)

　　way of reaching target customers.

　　A. temporary

　　B. complex

　　C. accurate

　　D. efficient

　　（2017湖北卷）27. What was so ______ about Jasmine Westland’s victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-footed.

　　A. awful

　　B. essential

　　C. impressive D. obvious

　　（2017湖北卷）28. Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a ______ smile and let him go.

　　A. cautious B. grateful

　　C. tolerant D. wild

　　（2017湖北卷）29. Hardly had Sabrina finished her words when Albert said ______, “Don’t be so mean,” pointing a finger of warning at her.

　　A. dreadfully

　　B. guiltily

　　C. indirectly

　　D. sharply

　　（2017江苏卷）28. The idea "happiness,"

　　, will not sit still for easy definition.

　　A. to be rigid B. to be sure C. to be perfect D. to be fair

　　11.（2017江苏卷）32. I can't meet you on Sunday. I'll be

　　occupied.

　　A. also B. just C. nevertheless D. otherwise

　　（2017江西卷）23 Thanks for your directions to the house ; we wouldn’t have found it ___.

　　A.

　　nowhere

　　B. however

　　C. otherwise

　　D. instead