2017届高考英语一轮复习书面表达专项通关：高级词汇、句型及名句

　　高级词汇、句型及名句

　　话题一：中学生的爱好与兴趣

　　pare time(业余时间), favorite(最喜欢的), nterest(兴趣), hobby(爱好), appetite(嗜好),taste(口味), read novels(读小说), play football/basketball(打足球/篮球), surf the internet(上网), chat online(在线聊天), play games(玩游戏), collect stamps(集邮), make e-friends(交网友), climb mountains(爬山), watch TV(看电视), enjoy popular music(喜欢流行音乐),be interested in(对感兴趣), develop an interest in(在方面发展兴趣), be fond of(喜欢),be keen on(喜欢), have love for(喜爱…), have a taste in(对有兴趣) 等。

　　话题二：劳动与劳动观念

　　ork(工作), be at work(在工作), work hard(努力工作), produce(生产), worker(工人), labor force(劳动力), labor(劳动), voluntary labor(义务劳动)，serve the people(为人民服务)，heart and soul(全心全意)，physical labor(体力劳动), mental labor(脑力劳动), labor viewpoint(劳动观念), labor Day(劳动节), workday(工作日), means of labor(劳动方式), honorable(光荣的), be devoted to(奉献于..), value(价值), earn money(赚钱) , personal interests(个人利益)等。

　　话题三：创建和谐社会

　　harmonious(和谐的), friendly(友好的), civilized(文明的), honest(真诚的), credible (诚信的), be public-spirited(有公德心的), balanced(平衡的), be in order(有序的), peaceful(和平的), live in harmony(生活和谐), sustainable development(可持续发展)等，help each ether(互助), care for each other(互相关心), have deep love for (热爱), be concerned with (关心), build(创建), cherish(珍惜), take an active part in(积极参与), pay attention to social moral(讲究社会公德), protect the environment(保护环境), save energy(节省能源)等。No pains, no gains.不劳无获。…can be achieved by hard wok. …可以通过劳动获得。It is difficult to find work in the present situation.在当前形势下，很难找到工作。It is honorable to …是光荣的。If everyone … for others and the society, our world will be …如果每个人为他人和社会做…，我们这个世界将会。Every one should … and devotes himself to building our motherland into a strong country.每个人应该 ，为把我们祖国建设成为一个强壮的国家而奉献自己的力量。

　　话题四：招聘与求职

　　employ(雇佣), look for(寻找), take in(吸纳), full-time(全职的), part-time(兼职的), well-paid(薪水高的), be paid by the hour(按小时发工资), requirement(要求), résumé(个人履历), schooling(受教育情况), subjects(课程), working experience(工作经历), qualification(合格证明), transcript (成绩单), health(健康状况), present address(现在通讯地址)等，apply for(申请), graduate from(毕业于), major in(以为专业), degree(学位), scholarship(奖学金), good grades(良好的成绩), hobby(爱好), favorite(最喜欢的), be skilled in(在方面熟练), be good at(擅长), experienced(有经验的), confident(自信的), English and computer ability(英语和计算机能力), healthy(健康的)等。

　　话题五：中学生的健康问题

　　hysical and mental condition(身体与精神状态), strong(强壮的), un/healthy(不健康/健康的), overweight/fat(肥胖的), thin(瘦的), near/short-sighted(近视的), mentally unhealthy(精神不健全的), normal(正常的), abnormal(不正常的), energetic(精力旺盛的), unhealthy eating habit(不健康的饮食习惯), eat much junk food (吃太多的垃圾食品)等，Stay/keep healthy/fit(保持健康), build up one’s body/ improve one’s' health(强身健体), enough sleep(充足的睡眠), take regular exercise(进行有规律的运动), roper diet(合理的饮食), good living habits(良好的生活习惯), lose weight(减肥), remove heavy burdens(减轻负担), be good for/do good to(对有益处), nutrition(营养), go on diet(节食), form a … eating habit(养成一个的饮食习惯) Breathe in as much fresh air等。

　　话题六：环境保护

　　ollute(污染Waste is scattering here and there.(到处撒满了废弃物protect the environment(保护环境) send out smoke and poisonous gases into the air(散发出烟和有毒气体cut down trees(砍伐树木) pour waste water into the rivers(把废水注入河流It is a shame to throw rubbish around.(乱扔垃圾是可耻的form good habits to protect the surroundings(养成良好的习惯来保护环境take active measures to protect rare animals(采取积极措施保护稀有动物) take good care of our forests(关心我们的森林plant more trees to improve the environment (多植来改善环境The terrible pollution have done great harm to us as well as to the surroundings. (可怕的污染已经给我们自己还有我们的环境带来了很大的危害。

　　话题七：校园文明与安全问题

　　chool rules and regulations(学校规章制度), obey(遵守), observe(遵守), keep/observe discipline(遵守纪律), behave well(表现良好), be neatly dressed(穿戴整洁), respect one’s

　　teachers and parents(尊敬师长), be on time(准时), keep the environment clean(保持环境干净), civilized(文明的) break the rules(违反规章制度), discipline(纪律), spit(吐痰), throw rubbish everywhere(乱扔垃圾), cheat in the exam(考试作弊), get in line (插队), fight with sb.(与打架), punish sb. for (因处罚某人)等。The students are told not to break any of the rules of the school. 学校要求学生不要违反任何规章制度。The students are expected to…学校期望学生。It must be made clear that the students should…必须明确的一点是，学生应该。…is of no good to a friendly and harmonious society.对创建友好和谐的社会是毫无益处的。It is honorable to obey the principles and rules of our school.遵守学校的规章制度是光荣的。It is worthy of praise to ...是值得表扬的。It is shameful to …是可耻的。What we should do is that …我们应该做的事情是

　　话题八：友谊

　　get to know sb.(认识某人), know sb. really well(熟知某人), make friends with sb.(和某人交朋友), a strong personality (一个很强的个性), personal matters(隐私), friendship(友谊), friendly(友好的), a close friend(一个亲密的朋友), trust each other (相互信任), precious(珍贵的), worthy(有价值的), understanding(通情达理的), share …with sb.(与分享), be loyal to(对忠诚), keep in touch with sb. (与保持联系), keep company with sb.(和结交), stay best friends with sb. (和保持很好的友谊)等。在描述此话题时常用的句型有：

　　1Friends give us … 朋友给予我们

　　2. A good friend is someone you can … 一位好朋友就是一个我们能够的人。

　　3The first time I met …, he was … 当我第一次遇到的时候，他

　　4. Friendship plays an important part in … 友谊在中扮演一个重要角色。

　　5You can … to be a good friend. 你可以来成为别人的好朋友。

　　6We can turn to ... when we feel down. 当我们心情糟糕时，可以求助于

　　7. … makes a good friend. ……成就好朋友。

　　8A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真知。

　　9... is one of the things people value most in a friend. ……是人们在朋友身上最重视的东西。

　　… have a friend of … years with sb. 与有着年的友情。

　　很多人都强调用连词、介词等词汇手段迅速提高语言水平。但这种方法需要一定的积累。而通过对低级句型的改造，可以迅速达到这一目的。

　　强调句

　　可以轻松地将时间、地点、原因、方式等类型状语从句转变为强调时间的强调句。

　　It was not until I arrived home that I realized I had left the bag on the shop counter.

　　倒装句

　　只要句中有介词短语或状语从句，便可将其提前，变成倒装句。

　　Only when I turned right at the crossing did that car crack towards me.

　　Only by this means can he escape from the big fire.

　　with引导的伴随结构

　　可以将状语从句或并列句中的其中一个分句变成with结构。

　　With the sun lighting brightly and the birds singing clearly, I went to school in high spirits.

　　巧妙地使用非谓语动词

　　可以将状语从句或并列的动词简化为非谓语动词。

　　Hearing that, the driver’s wife quickly added that her husband often talked nonsense after drinking.(低级形式：When he heard that, …)

　　恰到好处的被动句

　　适合应用于较简短的句子，这样显得语言简洁生动，宾语一般是nothing、anything、everything等不定代词。

　　I searched all my pockets, but nothing was found.

　　感叹句

　　通常用于开头结尾活跃文章气氛，凡是“I feel …”之类表达感情的句子皆可如此改造。

　　How terrible I felt today! I failed again in the math exam.

　　高级定语从句

　　若定语从句中的动词带有介词，只需将介词移至先行词后。

　　We came to a place to which they had never paid a visit before.

　　进行时态

　　有时会含有一定情绪，尤其要使用always这样的富含感情色彩的副词。

　　婉转表达

　　需要使用幽默的技巧，主要用于漫画型作文题。

　　I could find nothing but bad luck when I returned the shop after learning that my handbag had been left on the counter.

　　what引导的名词性从句

　　将动宾结构转化为此结构。

　　What he gave me, which I knew, were not only a Christmas present but also a heart full of love and a mind of my existence in it.

　　“数词+名词”变为“as many as+数词+名词”

　　As many as ten years ago, my hometown used to be covered by forests.

　　适当加一些不关痛痒的插入语：一些连词、副词可以放到句子中间充当语气较弱的插入语，如I guesshowever, in a way, certainly, in my opinion, probably, briefly等，有时可以考虑几个插入语连用，就更像英美人士的文章了。

　　独立主格

　　将主从句去掉连词，前句动词变为分词即可。

　　The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.

　　Easier said than done. 说起来容易做起来难。

　　God helps those who help themselves. 天助自助者。

　　Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。

　　Where there is a will,there is a way.

　　有志者事竟成。

　　All work and no play makes jack a dull boy.

　　只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。

　　Its never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。

　　All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的未必都是金子。

　　Look before you leap. 三思而后行。

　　Rome was not built in a day. 伟业非一日之功。

　　ell begun, half done.

　　好的开始等于成功的一半。

　　It is hard to please all. 众口难调。

　　Great minds think alike. 英雄所见略同。

　　A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。

　　Action speaks louder than words. 行动胜过语言。

　　East or west,home is the best.

　　金窝银窝不如自家草窝。

　　Do as Romans do in Rome. 入乡随俗。

　　No pains, no gains. 不劳无获。

　　Nothing ventures, nothing gains.不入虎穴，焉得虎子。

　　Now, or never. 机不可失，时不再来。

　　What is worth doing is worth doing well.

　　任何值得做的事情都值得做好。

　　Patience and perseverance are what it takes to do anything well.

　　耐心和坚持是做好任何事情的根本。

　　Nothing is too difficult if you put your heart into it.

　　世上无难事只怕有心人。

　　Each coin has two sides. 事物都有两面性。

　　Time and tides wait for no one. 时不我待。

　　Tomorrow never comes. 吾生待明日，万事成蹉跎。

　　Hard work can lead to success while laziness will result in failure.

　　勤奋可引向成功而懒惰会导致失败。

　　Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it. 世上无难事，只怕有心人。

　　It’s never too old to learn. 活到老学到老。

　　Every advantage has its disadvantage. 有利必有弊。

　　Saving is getting. 节约就是获得。

　　Live not to eat, but eat to live. 活着不是为了吃饭，吃饭是为了活着。

　　It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。

　　Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm. 无热情成就不了伟业。