2016届河南省孟津县高考英语一轮复习阅读理解训练：9（含解析）

　　河南孟津县2017高考英语一轮阅读理解能力练习9

　　（2016高考训练）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。体裁：说明文　话题：社会现象　词数：390　时间：8′

　　It's midnight in Taiwan.While some people are slowly walking home through the busy streets，or getting ready to hit the club scene，others are on their way to a more unusual place—a bookstore.The Eslite store in central Taipei opens 24 hours and has more visitors than most Western bookstores could dream of during their daytime hours.Here，young and old sit side­by­side on small steps or around reading tables，deeply absorbed in literary worlds.Others stand and some sit on the floor，all reading in silence as soft classical music flows out from the speakers.

　　The Eslite Group，which runs the five­story store，opened its first branch in Taipei in 1989.Today，25 years on，the company runs 42 stores in Taiwan，one in Hong Kong and has powerful plans to expand in Chinese mainland.The chain's rise comes at a time when bookstores in the United States and Europe are struggling to survive，with some forced to wind__up due to growing pressure from online competitors like Amazon.In the United Kingdom，a third of all independent bookstores have closed down in the last decade.

　　And the last major book seller in the U．S.—Barnes & Noble—is shutting stores as its management struggles to meet the challenges from its digital competitors.Eslite has hit upon an idea to avoid this—making the store as much a place for books as it is for design，fashion and home styling，small cafes and restaurants.It reported revenue (收入) of around $425 million in 2017，with books accounting for some 40 percent of sales.

　　The mix of literature and design has made the store a place for bookworms，allowing the company to ignore the challenges of the digital age.“It is our belief that the more digital the society (becomes)，the

　　more

　　we

　　treasure

　　the

　　warmth

　　of

　　the interconnection，”Timothy Wang，the manager，says.“This key idea makes Eslite hardly influenced by the changes of the industry.”

　　Eslite's success may seem counter­intuitive(反直觉的) especially when it seems most late­night visitors treat it like a library，leaving empty handed after hours of free reading.Eslite's Timothy Wang says that the business is successful because it creates “a friendly environment” and treats “books as well as the visitors with great enthusiasm.”

　　【语篇解读】　文章介绍了为什么台湾图书销售繁荣，因为有很多可以看书的夜店。

　　．According to the passage，we can know that ________．

　　A．people in Taipei have no time to read in the daytime

　　B．people in Taipei enjoy reading in the Eslite store

　　C．the Eslite Group is a good place to chat with friends

　　D．the Eslite store attracts many Western readers

　　答B　[细节理解题。根据第一段后三句内容可知，台北诚品书店24小时营业，它拥有的顾客比许多西方国家书店里白天的顾客还多。在这里，老人和小孩挨着坐在小阶梯上或者紧挨着书桌，深深地陷入文学世界。有的站着看，还有的坐在地板上看，柔和的古典音乐从扬声器里流淌出来，所有的人都在只剩音乐的一片寂静中阅读书籍。由此可知，台北的人们喜欢在诚品书店读书。]

　　2．What's the meaning of the underlined phrase “wind up” in Paragraph 2?

　　A．Find out.

　　B．Support.

　　C．Develop.

　　D．Shut down.

　　答案　D　[词义猜测题。根据第二段“The chain's rise comes at a time when bookstores in the United States and Europe are struggling to survive...In the United Kingdom，a third of all independent bookstores have closed down in the last decade.”可知台北诚品连锁书店正在崛起，而此时美国和欧洲的书店正惨淡经营。在过去的十年里，英国三分之一的独立书店已经停业。由此可知，由于来自电商竞争者的压力日益剧增，比如亚马逊，有的书店不得不被迫“关门”。画线短语的意思是：关门，停业。]

　　．How does the Eslite Group enlarge its business according to Paragraph 3?

　　A．By selling books online.

　　B．By competing with digital competitors.

　　C.By making its store comfortable and relaxing.

　　D．By selling books at a low price.

　　答案　C　[推理判断题。根据第三段“Eslite has hit upon an idea to avoid this—making the store as much a place for books as it is for design，fashion and home styling，small cafes and restaurants.”可知，诚品书店突发奇想出了一个躲避低潮的办法——把书店打造成一个有设计感、时尚、家庭风格的小咖啡馆和餐厅式的地方。由此可推知，诚品书店把书店打造成一个舒适、放松的地方吸引更多的读者。]

　　．Which is the best title for this passage?

　　A．How to sell books in the digital age

　　B．Ways of managing a bookstore successfully

　　C．Why book selling is successful in Taiwan

　　D．The measures taken to protect the booksellers in the digital age

　　答案　C　[标题判断题。文章主要介绍了台湾的诚品书店在电商时代是如何取得成功的。]阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day. “I was a clothes addict(迷),” he jokes. “I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled(皱的).” Today David wears casual clothes — khaki pants and a sports shirt — to the office. He hardly ever wears a necktie. “I’m working harder than ever,” David says, “and I need to feel comfortable.”

　　More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work. In the United States, the changes from formal to casual office wear have been slow. In the early 1990s,many companies allowed their workers to wear casual clothes on Friday(but only on Friday).This became known as “dress-down Friday” or “casual Friday”. “What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for workers has really become an everyday thing,” said business adviser Maisly Jones.

　　Why have so many companies started allowing their workers to wear casual clothes? One reason is that it's easier for a company to attract new workers if it has a casual dress code. “A lot of young people don't want to dress up for work,” says the owner of a software company, “so it's hard to hire people if you have a conservative dress code.” Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes. In a study made by Levi Strauss and Company, 85 percent of employers said that casual dress has a side effect on work. Supporters of casual office wear also say that a casual dress code helps them save money. “Suits are expensive, if you have to wear one every day,” one person said. “For the same amount of money, you can buy a lot more casual clothes.”

　　25.David Smith refers to himself as having been “a clothes addict” because ____.

　　A. he often wore khaki pants and a sports shirt

　　B. he couldn't stand a clean appearance

　　C. he wanted his clothes to look tidy and clean all the time

　　D. he didn’t want to spend much money on clothes

　　26. David Smith wears casual clothes now, because _________.

　　A. they make him feel at ease when working

　　B. he cannot afford to buy expensive clothes

　　C. he looks handsome in casual clothes

　　D. he no longer works for any company

　　27. According to this passage, which of the following is FALSE?

　　A. Many workers don’t like a conservative dress code.

　　B. Comfortable clothes make workers more productive.

　　C. A casual clothes code is welcomed by young workers.

　　D. All the employers in the U.S. are for casual office wear.

　　28. In this passage, the following advantages of casual office wear are mentioned EXCEPT ______________.

　　A. saving worker’s money

　　B. making workers more attractive

　　C. improving worker’s feeling

　　D. making workers happier

　　参考答案25—28、CADB

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。

　　Faced with a tough job market, fresh graduates are dreaming of running their own businesses instead．But a recent survey has showed that such ambitions lack the required support and remain just that—dreams．

　　The Shanghai Municipal Employment Promotion Center poll of 1,276 graduates in several universities and colleges in the city, released last Friday, showed 59．78 percent of respondents considered the possibility of setting up a company or at least a small store． "But they just stop at the 'thinking' stage," it stated．

　　Respondents put the top reasons for not going it alone down to a shortage of investment and a lack of business opportunity．They also listed lack of business experience and social networks, the need tor advanced study and objections from family members as factors that stood in their way．

　　More than 90 percent of the interviewees said they would rather take up a job after graduating and then consider starting their own business two or three years down the road．

　　Guo Bing, a senior student in Shanghai International Studies University majoring in English, decided he wanted to be his own boss last year．But he is looking for a job first． "If I fail to find a satisfying job, I would like to establish a company in exhibition services," Guo said．

　　The Shanghai native has some relatives working in a local printing plant．With their help, Guo hopes to produce exhibition brochures(小册子） at a relatively low price．He is also confident that his English language skills can help him do well in the industry．

　　"Social networking is an important factor leading to business success," Guo said． Guo said that the shortage of graduate jobs is the main reason driving more university students to set up a business right after their graduation．

　　Jiang said the university sets up a business guide learn made of government officials and professionals．They regularly give training courses to students who show an interest in having their own business．The parents of university graduates are more willing to help their children start up alone, the survey showed．"Once you win the support of your family, you have won half the battle," Guo added．

　　16．Which of the following can be the best title?

　　A．A Tough Job Market

　　B．Graduates Dream of Being Boss

　　C．The Ambitious Fresh Graduates

　　D, The Story ot Guo Bing

　　17．Which of the following does NOT stop fresh graduates realizing their dreams of being bosses?

　　A．The lack of business opportunity and investment．

　　B．The shortage of business experience.

　　C．Less skilled English language．

　　D．Their family members' objections．

　　18．In the view of Guo Bing, what 'is the key factor -that makes fresh graduates dream of being boss soon after graduation?

　　A．Their family don't support them． B．Their social networking is not good．

　　C．There are not enough graduate jobs．

　　D．They want to achieve greater success．

　　19．All the following statements are true about Guo Bing EXCEPT _____．

　　A．He has started his own business with the help of his relatives．

　　B．English is his major in the university．

　　C．He is trying to find a job which can satisfies him．

　　D．He is a Shanghai native．

　　20．Who is this article mostly intended for?

　　A．The parents whose child goes to university soon.

　　B．Those who will graduate from university．

　　C．Those who want to be bosses．

　　D．The officials who work in the government．

　　【参考答案】16—20、BCCAB

　　【2017高考英语南京市、盐城市一模】

　　请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　For decades, public health officials have puzzled over a surprising fact about HIV: Only about 10-20 percent of infants who are breastfed by infected mothers catch the virus. Tests show, though, that HIV is indeed present in breast milk, so these children are exposed to the virus multiple times daily for the first several months of their lives.

　　Now, a group of scientists and doctors from Duke University has figured out why these babies don’t get infected. Human breast milk naturally contains a protein called Tenascin C that neutralizes HIV and, in most cases, prevents it from being passed from mother to child. Eventually, they say, the protein could potentially be valuable as an HIV-fighting tool for both infants and adults that are either HIV-positive or at risk of contracting the infection.

　　The research, published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, was inspired by previous work by other researchers showing that, both in tissue cultures (组织培养) and live mice, breast milk from HIV-negativemothers was naturally endowed with HIV-fighting properties. Scientists suggested that a few different proteins in the milk could potentially be responsible, but no one knew which one.

　　As part of the study, the researchers divided breast milk into smaller fractions (部分) made up of specific proteins via a number of filters (过滤) — separating the proteins by size, electrical charge and other characteristics—and tested which of these fractions, when added to a tissue culture, prevented the cells from being infected by HIV. Eventually, they found that one particular protein was present in all the HIV-resistant fractions but in none of the others: Tenascin C.

　　Tenascin C works by blocking a key protein on HIV’s envelope that normally ties up to a receptor on a T cell’s membrane called CCR5. In doing so, Tenascin C prevents HIV from mixing with the T cell and injecting its RNA inside.

　　Still, the researchers say that other natural elements in milk might play a role in fighting HIV as well. “It’s clearly not the whole story, because we do have samples that have low amounts of this protein but still have HIV-neutralizing activity,” the study’s lead author Permar says. “So it may be acting in concert with other antiviral and antimicrobial factors in the milk.”

　　Whatever those other factors are, though, the finding vindicates (证明……的正确) recent changes to UN guidelines that recommend even HIV-positive mothers in resource-poor countries should breastfeed, if they’re taking anti-retroviral drugs to combat their own infection.

　　The next steps, Permar says, are determining which area of Tenascin C is active and whether it can effectively prevent transmission in a live animal. If it works, it could potentially be incorporated (合并) into an HIV drug with broader applications. It’s even possible that it could someday be adapted to reduce the risk of HIV transmission in adults as well as infants.

　　63. What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?

　　A. The breast milk from an infected mother doesn’t contain HIV at all.

　　B. It’s less likely for infants feeding on infected mothers’ breast milk to catch HIV.

　　C. The possibilities of infants catching HIV have nothing to do with infected mothers.

　　D. Children breastfed by infected mothers won’t catch HIV though exposed to it frequently.

　　64. Why did the researchers divide breast milk into smaller fractions?

　　A. To find out Tenascin C.                         B. To make up specific proteins.

　　C. To add them to a tissue culture.               D. To test what prevents cells being infected.

　　65. Which of the following about Tenascin C is true?

　　A. It has become an effective tool in fighting HIV.

　　B. It was first found by Permar and her research group.

　　C. It can prevent transmission in a live animal effectively.

　　D. It can sometimes prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV.

　　66. What can we know about Permar and her research group according to the passage?

　　A. They have found a cure for HIV.

　　B. They have helped change UN guidelines.

　　C. They will do more researches on Tenascin C.

　　D. Their finding is based on their previous work.

　　 【参考答案】63. B      64. D      65. D

　　66. C