（豫皖京闽粤通用）2017届高考英语北师大版一轮复习配套练习：book8 Unit 23《conflict》（含解析）

　　Ⅰ.语境填词

　　1．When the inspector extended his hand to greet(问候) Glenn’s mother，he slipped on the freshly oiled surface.(2015·湖南)

　　2．Amie Salmon，disabled，is attended throughout her school days by a nurse appointed(委派) to guard her.(2017·浙江)

　　3．Secondly，such an inclusion may give rise to prejudices(偏见) of the educated against those with little knowledge of English.(2017·江苏)

　　4．It’s standard practice for a company like this one to employ a security(安全) officer.(2017·山东)

　　5．The author managed to get the boy to talk to her by avoiding making critical remarks(言辞)．(2017·湖北)

　　Ⅱ.单句语法填空

　　1．In this way，everyone will live in peace.(2017·湖南)

　　2．His study shows that when robins are exposed to light at night in the lab，it leads to some genes being active at the wrong time of day.(2015·四川)

　　3．Among sales representatives(representative) for a large American car manufacturer，those who were most conscientious had the largest volume of sales.(2017·江苏)

　　4．The result is that we throw away useful possessions(possess) to make room for new ones.(2015·安徽)

　　5．The advertisement is intended for students of all ages.(2015·福建)

　　6．Research findings have shown that about 20 percent of people can be classified as “night owls” and only 10 percent can be classified as “early birds”．(2017·四川)

　　7．The university estimates that living expenses for international students are(be) around 8,450 a year，which is(be) a burden for some of them.(2017·湖南)

　　8．Twain’s mystery novel Pudd’nhead Wilson stood as a challenge to the racial(race) beliefs of even many of the liberals of his day.(2017·江苏)

　　9．Sometimes I’d get confused and take a shot at the wrong direction—which made me feel really stupid.(2011·北京)

　　10．The furniture，with its modern style and bright colors，suits(suit) modern houses and their gardens，but looks out of place in the garden of a traditional home.(2017·湖北)

　　Ⅲ.短语填空

　　1．Cleaners have to get up early in the morning and work outside all the day.Besides，they are often looked down upon.(2017·广东)

　　2．Within a short time，however，the burden of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents.(2017·新课标全国Ⅰ)

　　3．The more birds are exposed to light，the more active they are at night.(2015·四川)

　　4．I tend to accept any idea put forward by experts on TV.(2017·湖北)

　　5．The stories of his unconventional ideas and the exceptional patients he wrote about were so amazing to me and had such a big impact on how I saw life from then on.(2015·江苏)

　　6．She would scream and kick and lie on the floor drumming her heels.Her parents always gave in.(2017·江西)

　　7．They call on people and the government to take measures to fight against it.(2017·天津)

　　8．He has a gift for drawing pictures.

　　Ⅳ.完成句子

　　1．Without his wartime experiences，Hemingway wouldn’t have written his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.

　　要是没有战争时的经历，海明威就不会写出他的著名小说《永别了，武器》。(2015·重庆)

　　2．Had he caught the morning train，he would not have been late for the meeting.(用倒装句)

　　如果他们赶上了上午的火车的话，他们也不会开会迟到了。(2017·天津)

　　3．No sooner had Mo Yan stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.

　　莫言一走上主席台，观众就爆发了雷鸣般的掌声。(2017·陕西)

　　4. Not only are you funny，but also you are witty.

　　你不仅风趣而且机智。

　　写作素材 (关于种族偏见)

　　1．那时候种族偏见在那个国家很严重。

　　2．自从他被任命为国务大臣后，这位政治家就主张种族平等，坚持社会公平正义。

　　3．他经常受到对手的批判，但他始终不妥协。

　　4．他号召人们和谐相处。

　　5．他因而赢得了广泛的赞誉。

　　提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用which引导的定语从句，although引导的状语从句。

　　连句成篇 (将以上句子连成一篇60词左右的英语短文)

　　At that time，racial prejudice was very serious in that country.Since he was appointed as the Minister of State，this statesman has advocated racial equality，upholding the social fairness and justice.Although he is criticised frequently by opponents，he has never made a compromise.He calls on people to live in harmony，which has won widespread praise.

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　A

　　(建议用时8′)

　　In 1932 the warning of the British politician，Stanley Baldwin，that “the bomber will always get through” made a deep impression in Britain，the only state to make serious plans to evacuate(疏散) civilians from large towns before the war started.

　　The British Government developed plans for evacuating 1 million children to the United States and Canada and other Commonwealth nations.It established the Children’s Overseas Reception Board (CORB) in May 1940.After the fall of France，many people thought the war was lost and some saw this as one way of ensuring that Britain could survive even if invaded.

　　The Germans eventually began bombing British cities in September.Some children were evacuated by ship to British Dominions，including Australia，Canada，New Zealand，and South Africa.The CORB selections were not done on a first­come，first­served basis.CORB classified and prioritized the children.Charges soon appeared in the press that the well­to­do were being given priority.CORB arranged for the transportation.The Government paid the passages.Quite a number of children had already been evacuated.This tended to be children from rich families with money and overseas contacts.The British public eventually demanded the government pay so that less privileged children were also eligible.

　　World War Ⅱ occurred before the beginning of trans­Atlantic air travel.Liners were used to transport the children and this proved to be dangerous because the U­boats quickly emerged as the greatest threat.And this put the evacuee children trying to cross the Atlantic to safety in danger.Two ships carrying child evacuees were torpedoed(破坏) in 1940.One was the Dutch liner Volendam with 320 children on August 30.The crew managed to get the life boats off and saved the children.They were returned to Glasgow.The other was the City of Benares，an ocean liner with 200 British and foreign civilian passengers and 93 British children with a guard of nurses，teachers，and a clergyman.It was torpedoed on September 13.The crew attempted to launch the life boats as Benares began to sink.The rough weather made it difficult，so many of the passengers in the life boats died in the extreme conditions.Only 15 children survived.Churchill，when he learned of the disaster，decided to end the overseas evacuation scheme.

　　1．The whole passage is mainly about

　　.

　　A．bombing Britain

　　B．children evacuation

　　C．German U­boats

　　D．loss of children

　　答案　B

　　解析　主旨大意题。通读全文可知文章主要介绍了孩子的疏散、撤离问题，故选B。

　　2．What can we learn about the British people according to the passage?

　　A．They were concerned about their children.

　　B．They were threatened by Stanley Baldwin.

　　C．They were frightened by German invasion.

　　D．They longed to go to commonwealth nations.

　　答案　A

　　解析　推理判断题。根据第二段可知英国人非常关心自己的孩子们，故选A。

　　3．The underlined word “eligible” in the last sentence of Paragraph 3 probably means “

　　”．

　　A．qualified

　　B．accessible

　　C．hopeful

　　D．popular

　　答案　A

　　解析　词义猜测题。根据该单词前的“less privileged”可知英国政府将确保弱势群体的孩子也有资格，故选A。

　　4．Churchill decided to end the evacuation scheme mainly because

　　.

　　A．so many people needed evacuating

　　B．the weather in the Atlantic was rough

　　C．the crew were inexperienced in saving people

　　D．liners easily became the targets of the German U­boats

　　答案　D

　　解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Churchill，when he learned of the disaster，decided to end the overseas evacuation scheme.”可知丘吉尔取消疏散孩子的计划就是因为前面提到的U­boats成为了德军打击的目标，故选D。

　　B

　　(建议用时8′)

　　A new planet­hunting technique has detected the most earth­like planet yet around a star other than our sun，raising hopes of finding a space rock that might support life，astronomers(天文学家) reported recently.

　　“This is an important discovery to answer the question ‘Are we alone？’” said Michael Turner of the National Science Foundation.

　　“The team has discovered the most earth­like planet yet，and more importantly，has proved the power of a new technique that is sensitive(灵敏的) to detecting planets that are fit for people to live on，” Turner said in a statement.

　　In the last decade，astronomers have detected more than 160 planets moving around stars outside our solar system.Most of these have been gas giant planets like Jupiter，which are unfit for life.

　　But an international team has detected a cold planet about 5.5 times more massive than the earth—still small enough to be considered earth­like—moving around a star about 20,000 light years away，close to the center of the Milky Way.

　　To find this new planet，the team used a technique called gravitational microlensing(引力微观透镜法)．When a planet is circling the closest star，the planet’s gravity can add its own signature to the light.This kind of light signature was observed on July 11 by a group of telescopes in a project known as OGLE，short for Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment.

　　“The main advantage of microlensing is the signals for low­mass planets：They’re not weak signals.They’re just rare，” Bennett of the University of Notre Dame in Indiana said by telephone.“If there happens to be a straight line between a foreground star with its planet and the background source star，then you’re able to detect that planet.”

　　5．The underlined word “detected” in Paragraph 1 probably means “

　　”．

　　A．discovered

　　B．destroyed

　　C．created

　　D．searched

　　答案　A

　　解析　词义猜测题。由第一段第一句“A new planet­hunting technique has detected the most earth­like planet yet around a star other than our sun...”及第三段第一句中的“The team has discovered the most...”可知，这里detect与discover的含义相同，指的是“探测、发现”。故选A。

　　6．The author’s purpose in writing this passage is to

　　.

　　A．prove that scientists have a lot of difficulties in doing scientific research

　　B．explain why this planet moves around a star like our sun

　　C．teach the readers some basic knowledge about the universe

　　D．tell people about a new technique that finds the most earth­like planet moving round another star

　　答案　D

　　解析　作者意图题。文章主要讲述的是科学家用一种新的技术，找到了与地球最相似的行星，并研究其是否适合人类居住。故选D。

　　7．From the news report we can infer that

　　.

　　A．the planet is like the earth because it is close to the center of the Milky Way

　　B．it is quite possible that life may exist on other planets in the universe

　　C．people have no interest in finding a planet that might support life

　　D．the question “Are we alone” is too difficult for scientists to answer

　　答案　B

　　解析　推理判断题。由第一段“...raising hopes of finding a space rock that might support life，astronomers(天文学家) reported recently.”及第二段“This is an important discovery to answer the question ‘Are we alone？’”可推知有生命可能存在于宇宙中的其他行星上。故选B。

　　8．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

　　A．The signals coming from low­mass planets are too weak to be noticed.

　　B．Most of the discovered planets are not fit for people to live on.

　　C．If a star with its planet happens to be in line with the source star，then the planet can be found.

　　D．The power of the new technique is proved by the discovery of the earth­like planet.

　　答案　A

　　解析　判断正误题。由最后一段“The main advantage of microlensing is the signals for low­mass planets：They’re not weak signals.They’re just rare...”可知低质量行星的信号不是弱而只是罕见。故选A。

　　Ⅱ.七选五(建议用时6′)

　　Stay on the Brighter Side of Life

　　One very important component of optimism is gratitude or feeling grateful.In fact，there is a strong connection between a grateful attitude and a heightened sense of well­being.Appreciate all the positives in your life by starting a gratitude journal in order to remember what you’re grateful for.

　　9

　　Feeling down？Instead of feeling sorry for yourself waiting for the universe to throw you a bone，try acting like you’re happy—even if you aren’t.A sincere smile and a forced smile will cause the same chemical reactions in your brain，so you can actually fool your mind into feeling better by making it react chemically as if things were going well.

　　10

　　Reassure yourself that everything is good—even if you don’t feel it.

　　“

　　11

　　If you’re stuck in traffic，then everything else must be going horribly，too，” says Anne Parker，a wellness counselor.By blowing negative events out of proportion，you’re setting yourself up for feeling down all day.Instead，acknowledge that you’re stuck in traffic，but also bring to mind something good，like the beautiful scenery outside the window.That way，you’ll get in the habit of forbidding negative circumstances from blanketing your whole day.

　　Swearing to lose 20 pounds or to run a marathon seems like goals leading to happiness，but they take time to achieve.

　　12

　　You may even end up admitting that you have been defeated.However，if you focus on the small milestones that occur along the way，you will feel positive about your progress，which will give you the strength to keep going.

　　13

　　Try making someone else’s day better.A report by United Healthcare and Volunteer Match found that volunteers are 72% more likely to characterize themselves as optimistic compared with non volunteers.Plus,89% of volunteers say that volunteering has improved their sense of well­being，and 92% say that it enriches their sense of purpose in life.

　　A．Try to help someone in need.

　　B．Want to give your attitude a lift?

　　C．People tend to think in an either­or way.

　　D．Act in an optimistic way—smile，laugh，tell a joke.

　　E．You’ll fail to appreciate more important things in your life.

　　F．By focusing on not having accomplished them yet，you will start to feel down on yourself.

　　G．By remembering the pleasant things in your life，you can actually turn a negative attitude around.

　　答案　9.G　10.D　11.C　12.F　13.B

　　Ⅲ.短文改错(建议用时9′)

　　Today，my foreign teacher Tim and I went to the People’s Park together.We take a taxi and it wasn’t long before we arrived at the park.At seeing the green trees and beautiful flower，Tim couldn’t wait to take pictures.It was at that moment when we found his camera was missing.He was very worried but searched all over his backpack.Sadly，he just couldn’t find it.Suddenly it struck to me that he might have left it in the taxi.So I immediately got touch with the taxi company.About half an hour later，the driver returned the camera.Both of us were gratefully to the driver，and Tim，in particular，insisted on have a photo taken with him.Tim and I enjoyed themselves during the rest of the day.

　　答案

　　Today，my foreign teacher Tim and I went to the People’s Park together.We

　　a taxi and it wasn’t long before we arrived at the park. seeing the green trees and beautiful ，Tim couldn’t wait to take pictures.It was at that moment

　　we found his camera was missing.He was very worried

　　searched all over his backpack.Sadly，he just couldn’t find it.Suddenly it

　　或to

　　me that he might have left it in the taxi.So I immediately got

　　touch with the taxi company.About half an hour later，the driver returned the camera.Both of us were

　　to the driver，and Tim，in particular，insisted on

　　a photo taken with him.Tim and I enjoyed

　　during the rest of the day.