【高考调研】2017届高三英语一轮复习（外研版）课时规范训练20（含解析）

　　课时规范训练(单独成册)

　　训练(二十)

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。

　　A

　　(2015·高考湖南卷)

　　Forget Cyclists，Pedestrians Are Real Danger

　　We are having a debate about this topic.Here are some letters from our readers.

　　■Yes，many cyclists behave dangerously.Many drivers are disrespectful of cyclists.But pedestrians are probably the worse offenders.

　　People of all ages happily walk along the pavement with eyes and hands glued to the mobile phone，quite unaware of what is going on around them.They may even do the same thing while crossing a road at a pedestrian crossing or elsewhere.The rest of us have to evade (避让) them or just stand still to wait for the unavoidable collision.

　　The real problem is that some pedestrians seem to be，at least for the moment，in worlds of their own that are，to them，much more important than the welfare of others.

　　—Michael Horan

　　■I loved the letter from Bob Brooks about cyclists (Viewpoints，May 29)．I am afraid they seem to think they own the roads.

　　I was walking across Altrincham Road one morning when a cyclist went round me and on being asked what he was doing he shouted at me.

　　The government built a cycle lane on the road but it is hardly used.

　　The police do nothing.What a laugh they are!

　　The cyclists should all have to be made to use the cycle lanes and wear helmets，fluorescent (发荧光的) jackets and lights at night and in the morning.They should pay some sort of tax and be fined for not wearing them.

　　—Carol Harvey

　　■Cyclists jump on and off pavements (which are meant for pedestrians)，ride at speed along the pavements，and think they have a special right to go through traffic lights when they are on red.

　　I was almost knocked down recently by a cyclist riding on the pavement when there was a cycle lane right next to him.

　　Other road users，including horse riders，manage to obey the rules so why not cyclists?

　　It's about time they had to be registered and insured，so when they do hit a pedestrian or a vehicle，or cause an accident，at least they can be traced and there might be an opportunity to claim.

　　—JML

　　Write to Viewpoints of the newspaper.

　　【解题导语】　本文是一篇应用文。报纸就“忘掉骑自行车的人，行人才是‘马路杀手’”这一话题让读者进行辩论。本文选用了其中三位读者的来信，下面让我们一起来看一下他们的观点吧！

　　1．Michael Horan wrote the letter mainly to show that

　　.

　　A．drivers should be polite to cyclists

　　B．road accidents can actually be avoided

　　C．some pedestrians are a threat to road safety

　　D．walking while using phones hurts one's eyes

　　解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第一封信中的But pedestrians are probably the worse offenders.以及接下来的论述可知，Michael Horan写这封信是为了表明有些行人是马路安全的威胁。信中提到Many drivers are disrespectful of cyclists.只是陈述一个事实，Michael

　　Horan的目的并不是说明“司机应该对骑自行车的人有礼貌”，故排除A项；B项“事实上马路事故可以避免”在文中未提及；D项“边走路边用手机伤害眼睛”与这封信的主题无关。

　　gkxx.com2．Carol Harvey suggests that cyclists should

　　.

　　A．be provided with enough roads

　　B．be asked to ride on their own lanes

　　C．be made to pay less tax for cycling

　　D．be fined for laughing at policemen

　　解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第二封信中的The cyclists should all have to be made to use the cycle lanes...可知，Carol Harvey建议骑自行车的人应该在自己的车道上骑行，故B项正确。根据The government built a cycle lane on the road but it is hardly used.可知，目前有自行车道，但几乎没人使用，而不是说自行车道不够用，故A项错误；C项是对They should pay some sort of tax...一句的断章取义；根据They should...be fined for not wearing them，可知D项错误。

　　3．What is a complaint of JML?

　　A．Very few drivers are insured.

　　B．Cyclists ride fast on pavements.

　　高中学习网 www.gkxx.comC．Pedestrians go through red traffic lights.

　　高中学习网 www.gkxx.comD．Horse riders disrespect other road users.

　　解析：选B。细节理解题。JML在信中描述到，骑自行车的人在人行道上跳上来跳下去，以很快的速度沿着人行道骑行，而且还闯红灯，由此可知B项“骑自行车的人在人行道上骑得很快”是JML的一个抱怨，故选B项。根据It's about time they had to be registered and insured...可知，JML建议骑自行车的人入保险，A项“很少有司机入保险”是对本句的曲解；C项“行人闯红灯”与信中提到的骑自行车的人闯红灯不符；D项“骑马的人不尊重其他的马路使用者”与．..horse riders，manage to obey the rules...相矛盾。

　　4．The underlined word “they” in the third letter refers to

　　.

　　A．accidents B．vehicles

　　C．pedestrians D．cyclists

　　解析：选D。词义猜测题。第三封信是对cyclists的抱怨，因此they在此处指的是cyclists。

　　5．The three letters present viewpoints on

　　.

　　A．real sources of road dangers

　　B．ways to improve road facilities

　　C．measures to punish road offences

　　D．increased awareness of road rules

　　解析：选A。主旨大意题。三封信都涉及了真正的“马路杀手”。第一封信认为是行人，第二、三封信认为是骑自行车的人。因此这三封信所表达的观点与马路危险的真正根源有关。

　　B

　　People in several American states may be surprised to see cars on city streets without a driver.Experimental driverless vehicles now are legal in Florida，Nevada and California.They are pointing the way to a future that is not far down the road.The high­tech company Google has a number of self­driving cars，which had covered 480,000 kilometers by August.Volvo is among the companies doing road tests and says it plans to sell driverless cars by 2020.

　　In September，California Governor Jerry Brown signed an act to allow autonomous vehicles on the roads of his state.“Today we’re looking at science fiction becoming tomorrow’s reality—the driverless car.” The technology for these cars includes cameras，radar and motion sensors.The systems have been improved through competitions sponsored by the U．S.government agency DARPA.Engineer Richard Mason of the Rand Corporation helped design driverless vehicles for DARPA

　　challenge races.

　　Cars have become much more fuel­efficient，and new electronic features are making Hondas safer，said Angie Nucci of Honda America.“A camera on the passenger­side mirror actually engaged on your guiding screen so you can safely change lanes.” Other safety features include warning systems on the front and the sides of the cars.These systems help drivers，but don’t replace them.Curator Leslie Kendall of the Petersen Automotive Museum said autonomous cars will make the high ways safer.

　　“By taking out drivers，you also remove most risks of an accident，” Kendall said.He said consumers，however，may be unwilling to lose control.“It may take them time to come to realize that the technology is indeed reliable，but it will have to prove itself first.”

　　Mason said the technology already works and the biggest challenge now is getting down the cost for driverless vehicles from hundreds of thousands of dollars to something more affordable.He said this will happen as the technology is improved.

　　【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种高科技的新产品——无人驾驶的车。无人驾驶的车在有些地方已经被政府允许试用，而这种车的模式设计也会让车在行驶的时候更加高效并且更安全。但目前遇到的最大挑战就是造价太高了。

　　6．What can we learn from Paragraph 1?

　　A．Driverless vehicles are now legal in the whole USA.

　　B．Volvo will be the first to sell driverless cars.

　　C．Driverless cars are pointing us a faraway future.

　　D．Google’s self­driving cars have covered a long distance.

　　解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The high­tech company Google has a number of self­driving cars，which had covered 480,000 kilometers by August.”可知，谷歌公司有大量的自动驾驶的车，而且截止8月，已经行驶过480 000千米。由此可判断这种自动驾驶的车已经行驶了很长一段距离。故选D。

　　7．We learn that Governor of California Jerry Brown

　　.

　　A．helped design self­driving cars

　　B．supports self­driving cars on roads

　　C．considers self­driving cars science fiction

　　D．improved the self­driving car systems

　　解析：选B。推理判断题。根据第二段首句“In September，California Governor Jerry Brown signed an act to allow autonomous vehicles on the roads of his state.”可知，在9月份，加利福尼亚州的州长签署了一份允许在他管辖州的范围内出现自动驾驶的车辆的法令。由此可判断加利福尼亚的州长是支持这种自动驾驶的车的。故选B。

　　8．What is the role of the systems mentioned in Paragraph 3?

　　A．They can help people drive more safely.

　　B．They can take the place of drivers now.

　　C．They can make cars run without fuel.

　　D．They can help cars run much faster.

　　解析：选A。推理判断题。根据第三段首句“Cars have become much more fuel­efficient，and new electronic features are making Hondas safer，said Angie Nucci of Honda America.”及对上文内容的理解可知，有了这种模式，车会更高效，而且驾车也会更安全。故选A。

　　9．According to Richard Mason，what is the biggest challenge for driverless cars?

　　A．They are not allowed to run on the road.

　　B．Their technical problems remain to be solved.

　　$来&源：gkxx.comC．They are now too expensive for consumers.

　　D．They are more dangerous for people on the street.

　　解析：选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段首句“Mason said the technology already works and the biggest challenge now is getting down the cost for driverless vehicles from hundreds of thousands of dollars to something more affordable.”可知，Mason曾说这种科技已经被运用了，但是最大的挑战就是把价格降下来，让人们更能支付得起。由此可判断，无人驾驶的最大的挑战就是价格太高。故选C。

　　Ⅱ.语法填空

　　阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　A mother，wishing to encourage her son's progress in playing the piano，bought tickets to a performance by the great Polish pianist Ignace Jan Paderewski.1.

　　the evening arrived，they found their seats in the front of the concert hall and sat down.Soon 2.

　　mother found a friend to talk to，and the boy slipped away.

　　At eight o'clock，the lights in the auditorium began to dim 3.

　　the spotlights came on.4.

　　then did they notice the boy on the piano bench，innocently picking out “Twinkle，Twinkle，Little Star”．His mother gasped(喘息) in shock and 5.

　　(embarrass)，but before she could get her son back，the master himself appeared on the stage and quickly moved to the piano.

　　He whispered gently to the boy，“Don't quit.Keep 6.

　　(play)．” Paderewski improvised(即兴创作)on a delightful obligato(助奏)．Together，the old master and the young novice 7.

　　(entertain)the crowd with their blended(混合的) and beautiful music.

　　In all our lives，we receive helping hands.Some we notice，and some we 8.

　　.Equally we ourselves have countless opportunities to provide helping hands.Sometimes we would like our assistance to be 9.

　　(notice)；sometimes we wouldn't.Little of 10.

　　we all achieve is without learning from others and without support from others and what we receive should be handed out.

　　答案：

　　gkxx.com1．When/As。考查连词。逗号前为时间状语从句，因此空格处填连词。

　　2．the。考查冠词。不一会儿，这位母亲找到一个聊天的朋友，而孩子溜掉了。由文章第一句中的“A mother”可知，此处指上文已经提到过的那位母亲，应填定冠词。

　　3．and。考查上下文的逻辑关系。八点钟，大厅的灯变暗了，舞台上的聚光灯亮了。两句之间为并列关系，因此填连词and。

　　4．Only。考查倒装句。当“only＋状语”位于句首时，句子需要采用部分倒装。

　　5．embarrassment。考查词性转换。本空需要填名词，与前面的名词shock并列，作介词in的宾语。

　　6．playing。考查非谓语动词。keep后需跟动名词作宾语，keep doing sth.“继续做某事”。

　　7．entertained。考查时态。整篇文章为一般过去时，空格处需填谓语动词，因此应填所给动词的过去式形式。

　　8．don't。考查助动词。句意：有些我们注意到了，有些我们没有注意到。本句为一般现在时，且此处表达否定意义，与前半句形成鲜明的对比，因此填助动词的否定式。

　　9．noticed。考查非谓语动词的语态。句意：有时，我们希望别人注意到我们的帮助，有时我们不想让别人注意到我们的帮助。根据句意可知答案。

　　10．what。考查宾语从句。句中的“achieve”后缺少宾语，此处需用what引导宾语从句作介词of的宾语。

　　Ⅲ.短文改错

　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。

　　修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　www.gkxx.com注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

　　2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

　　With development of social economics，the living conditions in my village has improved.In addition，the villagers are living a peaceful life.To make us more delighting，they care for each other，help each other，but even have entertainments after a day's hard work.In a word，they can't get on well with each other.

　　In my opinion，it was proper and important for people to living in harmony.For you see，when we are faced with difficulties and can't deal with it，we can first turn to our neighbor for help.What's more，it also benefits for our health and mind.

　　答案：

　　With

　　development of social economics，the living conditions in my village

　　improved.In addition，the villagers are living a peaceful life.To make us more ，they care for each other，help each other， even have entertainments after a day's hard work.In a word，they

　　get on well with each other.

　　In my opinion，it

　　proper and important for people to

　　in harmony.For you see，when we are faced with difficulties and can't deal with ，we can first turn to our

　　for help.What's more，it also benefits forour health and mind.

　　Ⅳ.小写作

　　【写作素材】

　　1．有三种方式可以探索这座城市的交通。(explore)

　　2．出租车很方便，招手即停。(raise one’s hand; appear)

　　3．如果你想少花钱，最好选择公共汽车，尤其是二层公共汽车虽拥挤却能欣赏美景。(crowded；have a good view)

　　高中学习网 www.gkxx.com4．你还可以乘火车出行，有新的路线在建设中。(under construction)

　　5．若遇交通堵塞，保持冷静，你就会有个好心情。(get stuck in；keep cool)

　　One possible version：

　　There’s usually three means of transportation to explore the city.First of all，simply raise your hand，and a taxi appears in no time.But if you want to spend less，you’d better choose buses，especially double­decker ones.Even if they’re crowded，you’ll have a good view of the impressive city.you can take trains to reach your destination.Some new underground lines are under construction.

　　If you get stuck in traffic jams，keep cool and you’ll have a good mood.