2017届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解指导课件：运用复现策略巧解细节题（新人教版）

　　细节理解题是阅读理解题中必考的一种题型，也是占比例最大的题型，其解题依据定在阅读材料中，这种题型可以用“复现”的方法来解答。

　　所谓“复现”，就是指某一个单词或短语意思，以其近义词、反义词、上下义词、同根词或原词的形式在文中重复出现的现象。懂得这种现象对解答完形填空非常有用，但用来解答阅读理解细节题也同样管用。

　　细节理解题的复现指的是：正确答案选项语句中的单词或短语与阅读材料中的单词或短语构成一种重复出现的关系。它同样可以分为：同义、反义、上下义、同根词或原词。

　　运用复现策略巧解细节题

　　运用复现策略解题首先要定位与问题相关的句子，然后观察及分析该句子前后的句子是否满足复现的情况。请看下面的例子。

　　1.原词复现

　　同一单词或短语在选项中和阅读材料中同时出现。如：

　　I arrived in the classroom with paper cards designed in the shape of maple leaves. I had cut them myself out of orange construction paper. I saw nine students along a long table. I handed out the cards, and the students wrote down their names and fastened them to their breast pockets as I required. Before he started his class, the author asked the students to ______. A. write down their suggestions on the paper cards

　　B. cut maple leaves out of the construction paper C. cut some cards out of the construction paper D. write down their names on the paper cards

　　解析：题干中asked(要求)与文中required是同义词同现。选项D与文中都有wrote down their names，属原词重现，故选D。

　　D

　　2.反义复现

　　选项中是用与阅读材料中的单词或短语意义相反的单词或短语来表达相同的意思。如：

　　What’s interesting is that both cats and dogs have appeared to develop their intelligence. They can learn how to read each other’s body signals, suggesting that the two may have more in common than we previously suspected.

　　have common interests

　　B. are less different than was thought

　　C. have a common body language

　　D. are less intelligent than was expected 解析：选项B用less different(较少不同之处)来表达文中的more in common(有更多相同之处)，属反义复现，故选B。 It is suggested in Paragraph 4 that cats and dogs ______. B

　　3.同根复现

　　指在同一语种中词根相同、意义相似的词。如：

　　But when the day eventually came, my nerves kicked in and the true Mr. Davis was there. I sounded not like a thoughtful professor, but rather a 12-year-old boy.

　　A. He would be aggressive in his first class.

　　B. He was well-prepared for his first class. C. He got nervous upon the arrival of his first class. D. He waited long for the arrival of his first class.

　　解析：选项C中的nervous 与文中的nerves 是同根词，构成同根复现，故选C。

　　What can we learn about the author? C

　　4.上下义复现

　　上义语句所指的内容是概括性的，下义的内容是分述具体的。如：

　　I see it every day when people hold doors for me, pour cream into my coffee, or help me to put on my coat. And I have discovered that it makes them happy.

　　they offer their help

　　they receive others’ help C. they feel others’ kindness D. they show their weakness

　　解析：阅读材料 “people hold doors for me, pour cream into my coffee, or help me to put on my coat” 是下义(具体)，选项A “they offer their help”是上义(概括)，故选A。

　　The author has discovered that people will feel happy when ______. A