2017届广东省广州市天河中学高考英语语法一轮复习基础知识点精讲：状语从句03（含答案）

　　四、目的状语从句

　　目的状语从句是表示行为目的的从句。引导目的状语从句的主要连词有that, so，so that, so�that, in order that等，从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如can, could, may, might, should等。A．that, so that，in order that表示为了，以便，一般放在主句之后。that语气较弱，用的较少，多用so that。Let's take the front seats that we may se more clearly 我们坐前排吧，这样我们可以看得更清楚些。 Man does not live that he may eat, but eats that he may live 人生存不是为了吃饭，而吃饭是为了生存。 They hurried so that they might not miss the train 他们为了不误火车，才急急忙忙的。 In order that everyone present might hear her clearly, she raised her voice again 为了使在场的每个人都能听清楚，她再次提高了声音。

　　注意：当主从句的主语一致时，so that和in order that引导的目的状语从句可以转换成相对应的动词不定式结构。 We got upearly so that we would arrive in time 为了能及时赶到，我们起得很早。 They hurried so that they might not miss the train → They hurried so as not to miss the train 他们为了不误火车，才急急忙忙的。 Betty saved money in order that she could uy a portable computer → Betty saved money in order to buy a portable computer 贝蒂存钱是为了买一台手提电脑。 B．in case, lest, for fear that 几个短语都表示万一，惟恐，含有否定的意义。 Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold 最好多带些衣服以防天气会冷。 Take an umbrella in caseit rains 以防下雨，带把伞。

　　五、结果状语从句

　　结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句。引导结果状语从句的连词有：that, so (that), so�that, such�that等。结果状语从句通常置于主句之后。

　　A．so, that, so that 这三个词都可以引导结果状语从句。so that最为常用，so或that常用于口语或非正式文体中。 What has happened tha you look so worried 发生了什幺事，使你显得如此担心？ I didn't plan the work well, so thatso I didn't finish it in time 我没把工作计划好，结果没按时完成。（so that从句常用逗号与主句隔开） The room was packed with people, so that we couldn't get in 房间里挤满了人，我们进不去。C． so

　　that so

　　that 如此……以致……。其引导的果状语从句有如下四种结构：1．so + 形容词副词 + that-从句 The village is so small that it cannot be shown in the map 这村子太小，所以这地图上没有。 The wind was so strong that we could hardly move forward 风刮得那么大，我们简直寸步难行。2．so + 形容词 + a an + 单数名词 + that-从句It was so hot a day that tey all went swimming 天是那么的热以致他们都去游泳了。 He made so inspiring a speech that everybody got excited 他发表了如此鼓舞人的演讲以致大家都很激动。3．so + many few +复数名词+ that-从句I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over 我摔了许多跤，以至于浑身青一块，紫一块。 He has so few friend that he often feels lonely 他朋友很少，所以经常感到孤独。4．so + much little +不可数名词 + that-从句 I had so little money then that I couldn't even afford a used car 我当时囊中羞涩，甚至连一辆二手车都买不起。 He drank so much wine last night that he felt terrible 昨晚他喝了那么多的酒，他觉得很不舒服。5 在so + 形容词副词 + that-从句结构中，如将so + 形容词副词位于句首，主谓语要倒装。 So excited was he that she could not say a word 他很激动，一句话都说不出来。 So loudly did he speak that even the people in the next room could hear him 他说得很响，连隔壁的人都能听见。

　　D． such

　　that such

　　that 如此……以致……。其引导的结果语从句有如下四种结构：

　　1．such + a an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词 + that-从句 Jenny is such a clever girl that all of us like her very much 詹妮是如此聪明的女孩，以至我们都非常喜欢她。 We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door 我们走得匆忙，把门都忘了锁了。2．such + 形容词 +复数名词+ that-从句 He gave such important reasons that he was excused 他说出了这么重要的理由，得到大家的谅解。 They are such interesting novels that all of us want to read them 这些是十分有意思的小说，大家都想看。3．such + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + that-从句 He made such rapid progress that the teacher praised him 他的进步很快，老师表扬了他。 H shut the window with such force that the glass broke 他关窗子用了那么大的劲，玻璃都碎了。 提示：such+aan+形容词+单数名词结构可以和so +形容词+aan+单数名词结构互换。 He told us such a funny story that we all laughed → He told us so funny a story that we all laughed 他给我们讲了一个如此有趣的故事，大家都笑。 →The story he told us was so funny that we all laughed 他给我们讲的故事是如此有趣，大家都笑了。E． such that

　　such that可以连用，意思是（是）这样

　　以致。 Mother's answer was such that she didn't say yes and she didn't say no 妈妈的回答就是这样，既没有同意也没有不同意。 His anger was such that he lost control of himself 他勃大怒，以致不能自制。 比较：such

　　that

　　引导的是结果状语从句。 such

　　as

　　引导的是定语从句（请参考第10章定语从句）。 She had such a fright that she fainted 她吓得昏了过去。 Luckily such earthquakes as can cause a lot of damage do no happen very often 很幸运，这种破坏性很大的地震并不经常发生。（关系代词as在定语从句中作主语）六、条件状语从句

　　条件状语从句是表示主句动作发生的前提或条件的从句。条件状语从句分为真实条件状语从句和非真实条件状语从句（见第3章）。引导条件状语从句的有 if, unless, so as long as, as so far as, on condition that, in case, suppose, supposing等。条件状语从句中的谓语动词一般要用现在时或过去时代替一般将来时或过去将来时。

　　A．if if表示正面条件，意为如果。 If you ask hm, he will help you 如果你向他请求，他会帮助你。 Difficulties are nothing if we are not afraid of them 如果我们不怕困难，困难就算不了什么了。 If I do not understand what he says, I always ask him 我不懂他的话时, 总是去问他。（if = when） 比较： if only和only if的对比。 if only 解释但愿，要是��就好了，表示一个不可能实现愿望，要用虚拟语气。 only if 解释只有，等于only on condition that，从句用陈述语气。 Only if you heat ice, it turns to water 只有当你给冰加热，它才会变成水。 If only I knew! 要是我知道该多好。B．unless unless = if not, 表示反面条件，意思是如果不、除非。 They will go tomorrow unless it rains 除非明天下雨，否则他们会去的。 （They will go tomorrow if it doesn't rain ） I won't let you in unless you show me your pass 如果你不出示通行证，我就不让你进来。 （= I won't let you in if you don't show me your pass

　　） 注意： if

　　not和unless通常是可以换用的。但在下列情况下，两者是有区别的： 1．unless多引导真实条件句，if�not可以引导真实条件句或非真实条件句。 Hewon't be able to pass the final exams unless he works hard 除非他努力，否则就通过不了期末考试。 He won't be able to pass the final exams if he doesn't work hard 如果他不努力，就通过不了期末考试。 He would pass the final exams if he worked hard 要是他努力的话，他就会通过考试。（非真实条件句。含义是He doesn'twork hard ）

　　2．如果主句描述的是情感或情绪活动方面的内容，if�not结构不能换成unless。如： I'll be quite glad if she doesn't come this evening 她今晚如果不来我很高兴。3．unless引导的状语从句可用否定结构，而if�not引导的从句不可再用否定结构。 Don't ask me to explain again unless you really don't understand 不要再叫我解释了，除非你真的不懂。4．uless能作为介词使用，相当于except，而if�not不可以。 Nothing will come out of it unless disaster 这种事除非引起灾祸之外不会有什么结果。

　　C．so long as, as long as, on condition that 这几个短语意思差不多，都表示只要，条件是……。 AsSo long as we don't lose heart, we'll find a way to overcome the difficulty 只要我们灰心，我们就能找到克服困难的方法。 You may use the room on condition that so long as you clean it afterwards 只要你用完后打扫干净，你就可以使用这个房间。D．in case in case 既引导目的状语从句，也可以引导条件状语从句，等于if it happens that。 In case I forget, please remind me of my promise 如果我忘了，请提醒我所做的承诺。 Send s a message in case you have any difficulty 万一你有什么困难，请给我们一个信儿。E．providing, provided that, supposing, suppose that, given that 这几个短语意思相近，有如果，只要，假如等意思。 Given that they are inexperienced, they've done a good job 考虑到他们缺乏经验，他们的工作已做得很好了。(that可以省略) rovided Providing（that）we invite him, he would surely come to dinner 假如我们邀请他的话，他肯定会来吃饭的。 SupposeSupposing we can't get enough food, what shall we do 假设我们弄不到足够的食物，那我们怎幺办？（仅用于疑问句）