2017届河北省衡水名校高考英语一轮复习撬题对点练：专题8 名词和主谓一致（1）（含解析）

　　A．单句填空

　　1．In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ________ (able) to “air condition”

　　a house without using electric equipment.

　　答案　ability　[句意：除了它们的简单美之外，这种土坯房值得赞扬的是它们不用电力设备就能给房间制冷的能力。根据前面的物主代词their可知后面应用名词，故应用able的名词形式ability。]

　　2．Some schools will have to make ________ (adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.

　　答案　adjustments　[句意：为了与国家的足球改革保持一致，一些学校不得不进行调整。make adjustments是固定搭配，意为“进行调整”。]

　　3．—Go and say sorry to your Mom, Dave.

　　—I'd like to, but I'm afraid she won't be happy with my ________ (apologize)．

　　答案　apologies/apology　[句意：——去向你的母亲道歉，大卫。——我想去，但是我怕她对我的道歉不满意。根据句子结构可知，这里需要一个名词作介词with的宾语。又因为apology是可数名词，所以这里也可用复数形式。]

　　4．...for most of us the ________ (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river.

　　答案　changes　[句意：……对我们大多数人来说，这种变化是逐渐的，而且需要很多努力和工作，比如清理被污染的河流。所填词作主语，其前是定冠词，所以应为名词；根据are可知应用复数形式。]

　　5．...I'll stop and take a deep________.

　　答案　breath　[句意：……我要停下来深吸一口气。take a deep breath意为 “深呼吸”，是固定短语。]

　　6．Zhangzhou City has gained a good ________ (repute) for having successfully hosted the Flower Expo.

　　答案　reputation　[句意：漳州市因成功举办了花卉博览会而赢得美誉。由空前的冠词a及形容词good，可断定此处应用名词单数形式。repute为不可数名词，故填reputation。gain a good reputation意为“获得好名声”。]

　　7．The video, Under the Dome, has rapidly pushed the public ________ (aware) about air pollution and encouraged people to join in efforts to make a difference.

　　答案　awareness　[句意：视频“穹顶之下”迅速提高了公众对空气污染的意识，并鼓励人们通力合作有所作为。public后应用名词，所以填awareness。]

　　8．________ (curious) is part of children's nature. They always insist on getting to the bottom of everything.

　　答案　Curiosity　[句意：好奇是孩子们天性的一部分。他们总是对什么都刨根问底。设空处为主语，因此本空需用名词形式。]

　　9．—Thank you very much for everything. You've been so helpful.

　　—My________ (please). Just let me know if there is anything else I can do for you.

　　答案　pleasure　[句意：——非常感谢你所做的一切。你对我们帮助太大了。——不客气。如果还有其他什么我可以帮得上忙的，只管告诉我。形容词性物主代词后需要用名词，please的名词形式为pleasure。my pleasure(对别人表示感谢的一种礼貌回答)意为“不客气，很乐意效劳”。]

　　10．If a young man wants the ________ (flexible) to move to a different city in future years, he should keep renting instead of buying a house.

　　答案　flexibility　[句意：如果一个年轻人想要在未来的几年里可以随意搬到不同的城市，他应该租房而不是买房。考查名词。flexibility意为“弹性，灵活性”。]

　　B．单句改错

　　1．One of the most effective ways to reduce stressful is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　stressful→stress　[句意：减轻压力最有效的方法之一就是与你信任的人谈谈感受。设空处作动词reduce的宾语，故用名词形式。reduce stress意为“减压”。]

　　2．There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some think and then let me know.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　think→thought　[句意：现在没有必要告诉我你的答案，认真考虑一下然后再让我知道。some后需用名词形式，而thought作“考虑，思索”讲时为不可数名词，故答案为thought。give sth. thought意为“认真考虑某事”。]

　　3．When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his balanced and had a bad fall.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　balanced→balance　[句意：这个男孩在追他哥哥的时候失去了平衡，重重地跌了一跤。根据题干中的had a bad fall可推知设空处应为balance。lose one's balance意为“失去平衡”。]

　　4．My parents always attach great important to my getting a good education.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　important→importance　[句意：我的父母一直认为，我接受好的教育是非常重要的。attach importance to意为“认为……很重要”。]

　　5．We most prefer to say yes to the request of someone we know and like.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　request→requests　[句意：我们更愿意满足自己熟悉且喜欢的人所提的要求。根据前面的定冠词判断，本空需要用名词形式；request作“要求”讲是可数名词，此处是泛指，所以用其复数形式。]

　　6．So I asked her why she sat there in silent.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　silent→silence　[句意：因此我问她为什么坐在那里沉默不语。in silence意为“沉默”，位于介词后，作宾语，用名词形式。]

　　7．They can decide to change their cultures in order to meet various situation.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　situation→situations　[句意：为了适应各种形势，他们可以决定改变他们的文化。可数名词situation前有various修饰，故填复数形式。]

　　8．For that moment, everything bad or terrible that has happened to him is removed, because that smile is what gives him the determine to love himself.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　determine→determination　[句意：在那一刻，一切发生在他身上的不幸都随风而去了，因为那个微笑给了他爱自己的决心。在定冠词后需接名词形式，且determination作“决心”讲时是不可数名词。故改为determination。]

　　9．I suppose the teacher will take his ill into account and give him a pass.

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　ill→illness　[句意：我认为老师会考虑到他的疾病，让他通过考试。作take的宾语，有形容词性物主代词his修饰，故填名词；illness在此指“疾病”，是不可数名词，不需要复数形式变化。]

　　10．Was it because of his lazy that he didn't do the experiment successfully?

　　________________________________________________________

　　答案　lazy→laziness　[句意：是他的懒惰导致他做实验不成功的吗？分析句子结构可知，空格前面有人称代词his，所以这里要用名词形式。]