2017届高考英语一轮复习学案：必修2 module 2《No Drugs》（外研版）

　　必修二M2教案：

　　1. addict n．对(药物等)上瘾的人；vt.使成瘾；使沉溺于……

　　1)addict oneself to沉溺于……；醉心于……

　　be/become/get addicted to...沉迷于…；热爱…；迷上…

　　addictive

　　adj.使人上瘾的；(药物等)上瘾的；上了……的瘾

　　addictive可作定语、表语和补足语，作定语时，被修饰语通常是事

　　物；作表语和补足语时，主语一般也是事物。

　　be/become addictive to...沉迷于……，对……上瘾

　　addicted不能作定语，可作表语和补足语，其逻辑主语是有行为

　　The problem with video games is that they’re addictive.

　　电子游戏的问题在于它们会使人上瘾。

　　Smoking can be addictive. 吸烟容易上瘾。

　　Once one is _____ to cocaine cigarette，it’s not easy for him to kick it off.

　　A．attracted

　　B．absorbed

　　C．devoted

　　D．addicted

　　一个人一旦对可卡因烟上瘾，就不容易戒掉。

　　addiction n．瘾；入迷；嗜好

　　Nowadays，many children are addicted to computer games.

　　现在许多孩子迷上了电脑游戏。

　　Don’t be addicted to net chatting.It wastes too much time.

　　不要沉醉于网上聊天，它浪费太多时间。

　　He is now fighting his addiction to smoking.他现在正努力戒烟。

　　和addicted/addiction连用的to是介词，其后要跟名词、代词、动名词作宾语。

　　2. danger

　　be in danger (of)

　　/

　　be out of danger

　　=be endangered

　　be dangerous

　　The tiger is in danger now.

　　The tiger is endangered now.

　　The tiger is dangerous.

　　The bridge is in danger of collapse.

　　He is out of danger now.

　　3．reduce vt.减少，缩小；降低；使…陷入某种更坏的状态

　　reduce指人为地使某物在数量或重量方面的减少或降低

　　I bought this shirt because it was reduced (from$10 to $6).

　　He reduced the amount of money they could spend.他缩减了他们的开销。reduce

　　from...

　　to等表示“从…降低到…；

　　reduce by

　　降低了…

　　increase to 增加到

　　increase by 增加了

　　We bought a television that was reduced(from ￡500 to ￡350)in the sales.

　　我们在大减价时，以(从500英镑减至350英镑)很便宜的价格买了台电

　　视。

　　decrease指数量上的减少；力量或者强度的减弱

　　Our sales are decreasing.

　　The company decreased the number of workers.

　　The population decreased a lot last year.去年人口数量急剧下降。

　　decline a)衰落；跌落；降低（ from better to a worse position; or from higher to lower（如：经济形势、股息的）下降，萧条（指倾向，趋势）

　　b)辨析：decline客气的拒绝（尤其对提议或邀请）

　　I am afraid I must decline you invitation./ to answer that question.

　　We asked them to come to our party but they declined( the invitation).

　　refuse 没那么客气，较为坚决

　　The prisoner refused to give his name.

　　turn down 与refuse 相似

　　reject 根本不考虑提议或建议；不接受（某人）

　　The workers have rejected the company’s pay offer.

　　He felt rejected by society.

　　4. treatment n,

　　treat sb. with sth.治疗（过程）

　　cure sb. of sth 治愈

　　heal sb. of sth 治愈（外伤）

　　5．likely adj.可能的

　　1)

　　possible只有可能性小

　　probable多指有较大的可能性

　　likely=probable

　　a.

　　It is possible (for sb.) to do

　　It is possible that

　　(should) do

　　It is possible (for us) to study English well.

　　It is possible that we study English well.

　　b. It is probable that…

　　It is probable that it will rain today.

　　不能说: It is possible for him to come.

　　It’s possible that it will rain, but with such a blue sky it doesn’t seem probable.有可能下雨，但眼下晴空万里不像是下雨的样子。

　　c. sb./ sth. be likely to do

　　It is likely that

　　He is likely to come.

　　It is likely that he will come.

　　It is likely that it will rain.

　　It is likely to rain.

　　a) perhaps & maybe都当“也许”，“可能”解。但maybe一般用于非正式文体，而且主要用于美国英语。在表示“尽可能快地”时，只能使用短语

　　as soon as maybe=as soon as possible

　　不能说as soon as perhaps

　　b) perhaps一般用于句首,不与形式主语连用,后面不接从句,通常只接sb. 或sth.

　　Perhaps they will help us after all.

　　Perhaps the letter will come today.

　　maybe可放句首, 或后接从句

　　Maybe we’ll see you tomorrow.

　　I think maybe they don’t want him, he’s so cross.

　　c) perhaps表示 “或许”, “可能” 是一种推测,相当于maybe, 固不能与may连用,以避免语义重复

　　Perhaps they will help us.

　　3)

　　probably不能用在not后

　　possibly

　　和can, could连用，起强调作用

　　---Could you ___ take care of my dog while I’m away?

　　---Sure. Leave it to me, please.

　　A. perhaps

　　B. possibly

　　C. maybe

　　D. probably

　　(B) (could, can, may, might连用)

　　例句：It’s quite likely that we’ll be in Spain this time next year.

　　明年的这个时候我们很可能会在西班牙。[剑桥高阶]

　　She’s very likely to ring me tonight.她很有可能今晚打电话给我。

　　possible/probable/likely

　　用possible，probable，likely填空

　　⑥It is entirely possible for us to fulfill the task ahead of schedule.

　　⑦It is possible，though not probable，that he will accept these terms.

　　⑧You are likely young people.

　　．disagree vi.不同意；不一致；不适宜；不适合

　　disagree with与…意见不一致；与…不相称；与…不相宜

　　①His conduct disagrees with his words.他言行不一。

　　②He disagreed with me about the matter.

　　对于那件事他与我意见不同。

　　③The climate here disagrees with me.这儿的气候对我不适合。

　　1)agree with同意…；(气候，食物等)适合于某人

　　I think you’ll agree with me that the situation is improving.

　　我认为你会同意我，形势正在有所改善。

　　Your story does not agree with what I have heard.

　　你的故事与我听说的不一致。

　　I’t agree more.我再同意不过了。

　　2)agree to...赞成……；同意计划、建议或条件等

　　I told him my plan and he at once agreed to it.

　　我告诉他我的计划，他立刻赞同。

　　He agreed to lend me his bike.他赞同借给我自行车。

　　3)agree on就……取得一致意见和看法

　　We couldn’t agree on the price.就价格我们意见不一。

　　agreement n．一致；同意；协定；协议

　　ban vt.禁止；n.禁止，禁令

　　1)ban on /against禁止

　　ban＋n./pron./doing...禁止……

　　ban sb.from doing sth.禁止某人做……

　　2)put a ban on...禁止……

　　under a ban被禁止

　　①The President supports a global ban on nuclear testing.

　　总统支持全球性禁止核试验。

　　②Smoking in a readingroom is placed under a ban.

　　在阅览室吸烟是被禁止的。

　　③He was banned from driving because of drinking.

　　由于喝酒他被禁止开车了。

　　④Canada will ban smoking in all offices later this year.

　　今年下半年加拿大将禁止在办公室吸烟。

　　5．affect vt.影响；感动；(疾病)侵袭

　　affect

　　vt.影响；感动；打动；(疾病)侵袭；假装；喜欢

　　1)be affected by被……侵袭，被……感动

　　be affected by heat中暑

　　be affected with high fever发高烧

　　)affection n．喜爱

　　①Does the amount of rain affect the growth of crops?

　　降雨量会影响作物的生长吗？

　　②Lei Feng has affected several generations of the youths in China.

　　雷锋影响了中国的几代年轻人。

　　③His opinion will not affect my decision.

　　他的意见不会影响我的决定。

　　④All the people in the room were affected to tears.

　　屋里所有人都感动得流了泪。

　　⑤She is affected with cancer.她患有癌症。

　　⑥The doctors are trying their best to treat the affected patients.

　　医生们正在尽力治疗那些感染的病人。

　　be affected by被……侵袭；被……感动

　　be affected by heat中暑

　　be affected with high fever发高烧

　　affection n．爱情；感情

　　【轻巧辨析】

　　affect/effect/influence三个词都有“影响”的意思。

　　1)affect指“产生的影响之大足以引起反应”，着重“影响”的动作，

　　有时含有“对……产生不利影响”的意思。

　　2)effect作“影响”讲时，通常用作名词，构成

　　have an effect on“对…有影响”。

　　effect作动词时，指“使(某事物)产生；使发生；引起”，着重“造成”

　　一种特殊的效果，如

　　This book effected a change in my opinion.这本书使我的看法起了变化。

　　3)influence指“通过说服、举例等对行动、思想、性格等产生不易觉察

　　到的、潜移默化的影响”。

　　What you have done will not have ______ your fame.

　　A．a good effect on

　　B．affected

　　C．a good affect in

　　D．effected

　　What the teacher said affected me greatly.

　　What the teacher said had a great effect on me.老师说的话对我影响很大。

　　(2009年上海卷)With the government’s aid，those _____ by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.

　　A．affectB．affectingC．affected

　　D．were affected

　　recognise/recognize

　　vt.认出，识别；承认，认可；认识到

　　1)recognize sb./sth.认出某人；识别出某物

　　recognize...as承认……是，认出……是

　　recognize...to be 承认……是……

　　be recognized as公认是，认可是，赞成

　　It is recognized that...人们意识到……

　　2)recognition n．认出；认识；识别

　　①I recognized her at first sight although I haven’t seen her for almost ten years.虽然我几乎10年没见到她了，但是我第一眼就认出了她。

　　②They have recognized him as their leader.

　　他们已经承认他是他们的领导。

　　③They all decided to recognize the new government.

　　他们都决定承认这个新政府。

　　④After the accident，he recognised that he was not fit for the work.

　　事故发生后他认识到自己不能胜任这项工作。

　　辨析：know，recognise与realize

　　1)know表示“知道某人”，也可以表示“熟悉”。

　　I have known him since I was a child.我从小就认识他。

　　2)recognise用来表示原来已认识，而再次认出之意，即know again。

　　I knew the boy several years ago，but now I can hardly recognise him.

　　几年前我就认识了那个男孩，但是现在我几乎认不出他了。

　　3)realize侧重指认识上的觉醒，常译为“意识到，明白”。

　　When he realized what happened，he was sorry.

　　当他意识到所发生的事时，他感到抱歉。

　　1．—Oh，it’s you.I ______you.

　　—I’ve just had my hair cut and I’m wearing new glasses.

　　A．didn’t recognise

　　B．hadn’t recognised

　　C．haven’t recognised

　　D．don’t recognise

　　2．The conference has been told to discuss the effects of tourism ______the wildlife in the area.

　　A．in

　　B．onC．at

　　D．with

　　3．We always pay attention to the weather because it ______us so directly what we wear，what we do and even how we feel.

　　benefits

　　B．affectsC．concludes

　　D．attracts

　　It is a rule that the students are banned ______computer games in our school.A．to play

　　B．from playingC．of playing

　　D．on playing

　　______to drugs，he seldom call his parents only when he asks them for money.A．Being addictedB．AddictedC．Addicting

　　D．Having addicted

　　1. break into破门而入，强行闯入；突然……起来

　　break into tears突然哭起来

　　break in打断；闯入

　　break out爆发；突然发生

　　break away from脱离；打破

　　break down打掉；坏掉；失败；垮掉

　　break off折断；突然停止；脱落；断绝

　　break up打碎；拆散；分裂；分解；驱散

　　①Thieves broke into the store at night.

　　小偷在夜里闯入了这家商店。

　　②As the president’s car arrived，the crowd broke into loud applause.

　　当总统的汽车到达时，人群中爆发出了热烈的掌声。

　　③I was still sleeping when the fire broke out，and then it spread quickly.

　　当火灾发生时我正在睡觉，然后它快速蔓延开了。

　　④He has broken down after many years’ hard work.

　　由于多年的劳累，他病倒了。

　　⑤They quarreled with each other and their friendship broke up.

　　他们吵架了，友谊被破坏了。

　　⑥Dad would occasionally break in with a suggestion.

　　爸爸偶尔会插话来提出建议。

　　give up放弃；交出，让出；认输

　　give up doing sth.放弃，停止干……

　　give away泄露(机密)；暴露；分发(奖品等)

　　give back归还，送还

　　give in (to sb.)屈服，让步

　　give off发出(蒸汽、味道)；发散(光线)

　　give out用完，用尽；分发；公布

　　①He was asked to give up smoking and drinking.

　　他被要求戒烟戒酒。

　　②In the bus，the young should give up their seats to the old.

　　在公共汽车上，年轻人应该把座位让给老年人。

　　③After a month，their food supplies gave out.

　　过了一个月，他们的食物已消耗殆尽。

　　④He has given in to my views.他顺从了我的意见。

　　⑤These wild flowers give off a nice smell.

　　这些野花散发出一股香味。

　　1）He hurried home，only to find his house ______.

　　A．had broken into

　　B．has been broken into

　　C．broken into

　　D．being broken into

　　2(2009年海南三亚模拟)You’ll ______sooner or later if you keep working like that.A．break off

　　B．break downC．break into

　　D．break out

　　The captain showed great perseverance and never ______ to disappointment，even when the ship sank. A．gave off

　　B．gave away

　　C．gave way

　　D．gave up

　　4The news of the mayor’s coming to our school for a visit was ______on the radio yesterday.

　　A．turned out

　　B．found outC．given out

　　D．carried out

　　5No matter how hard it is，the strongwilled mother will never ______the hope to find her lost son.A．hold up

　　B．give up

　　C．hold back

　　D．give back

　　Whatever you’re doing when you want to smoke—do something else!

　　当你想抽烟的时候，无论你在做什么——做其他的事情！

　　Whatever you’re doing是由whever引导的让步状语从句。此时由whever引导的从句都可以换成no matter＋相应的wh疑问词 。

　　Whatever (No matter what) I suggest，he always disagree with me.

　　无论我提什么建议，他总是不同意。

　　②Whatever/No matter what happens，don’t be surprised.

　　无论发生什么，都别惊讶。

　　③Whatever you do，you mustn’t break the law.

　　无论你做什么，你都不准违法。

　　④Whatever reasons you have，you should carry out a promise.

　　无论你有什么理由，你都应当遵守诺言。

　　⑤Whatever decision he made I would support it.

　　无论他作出什么决定我都会支持的。

　　whatever/whoever/whomever/whichever既可以引导名词性从句，即主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，也可以引导让步状语从句，等同于no matter what/who/whom/which。

　　⑥You can choose whatever you like in the shop.

　　你可以在商店里选择任何你喜欢的东西。

　　⑦Whenever (No matter when) I’m unhappy，it is my friend who cheers me up.

　　不管什么时候我不高兴，总是我的朋友使我振奋起来。

　　⑧I will wait for you however late (no matter how late) it is.

　　无论有多晚，我都会等你。

　　⑨Whoever (＝No matter who) asks him for advice，he is always ready to help.不管谁来求助于他，他都乐于帮助。

　　(2009年陕西卷)The howto book can be of help to______wants to do the job.A．who

　　B．whomeverC．no matter who

　　D．whoever

　　John was ______to win the 200meter race，but he fell to the ground and missed the chance.A．maybe

　　B．possibleC．probable

　　D．likely

　　(2009年江西景德镇模拟)If you hurry up，I think it quite ______ that you will catch the flight to Hong Kong.There are 40 minutes left.

　　probably

　　B．likelyC．possibly

　　D．certainly

　　(2008年上海卷)______well prepared you are，you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing.

　　However

　　B．WhateverC．No matter

　　D．Although

　　(2007年山东卷)Could I speak to______is in charge of International Sales，please?A．anyone

　　B．someoneC．whoever

　　D．no matter who

　　I couldn’t agree more.我完全同意。

　　can’t/couldn’t...＋比较级”表示“非常……”，不能再……(表达

　　最高级的含义)是肯定意思，上句意思相当于“I completely agree.”。

　　在这个句型中，more前加any，可以用来加强语气。

　　His work can’t be worse.他干的活真是糟透了。

　　I couldn’t feel happier.我高兴极了。

　　They couldn’t have done it any better.他们做得非常好。

　　—Go for a picnic this weekend，OK? —______.I love getting close to nature.A．I couldn’t agree more

　　B．I’m afraid not

　　C．I believe not

　　D．I don’t think so

　　Ⅱ.易错模块

　　1．You are saying that everyone should be equal，and this is ______I disagree.

　　A．why

　　B．whereC．what

　　D．how

　　2．—When did you last hear ______Jay?

　　—He phoned me this morning，and we agreed ______a time and place to meet. A．of；to

　　B．about；withC．from；with

　　D．from；on

　　In general，we always shared the same opinion，but this time he________me on that point.A．disagreed withB．disagreed to C．agree with

　　D．agree to

　　4．The poor young man is ready to accept ______help he can get.

　　A．whichever

　　B．howeverC．whatever

　　D．whenever

　　【解析】　只有whichever和whatever可用做名词help的定语，但whichever表示“(已知范围中的)无论哪一种/个”，而whatever表达了“可能得到的任何帮助”的含义。

　　5．It is generally considered unwise to give a child ______he or she wants.

　　A．whichever

　　B．whateverC．no matter what

　　D．no matter which

　　6．______team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.

　　A．No matter what

　　B．No matter which

　　C．Whatever

　　D．Whichever

　　【解析】　由句式结构可知此空白处应选择连词引导主语从句，且在主语从句中作team的定语使用，选项中只有whichever可同时具备这两种功能。

　　7．______David says sounds right to Helen.That’s why she has made up her mind to leave with him ______happens.

　　A.Whatever；no matter whatB．No matter what；whatever

　　No matter what；no matter whatD．Whatever；however

　　Ⅲ.语法专练

　　本单元语法——动词不定式作目的状语和结果状语从句

　　The news reporters hurried to the airport，only______the film stars had left. A．to tell

　　B．to be toldC．telling

　　D．told

　　2．Our teacher always speaks slowly and clearly in class______.

　　A．so as to be understood

　　B．to have understood

　　C．so as to understand

　　D．to understand

　　3．(2009年东北三校第一次联考)Go to bed right away.Forget you need to get up as early as you can ______the early train?

　　A．catch

　　B．catchingC．caught

　　D．to catch

　　4．I like getting up very early in summer.The morning air is so good ______.

　　A．to be breathed

　　B．to breatheC．breathing

　　D．being breathed

　　5．(2009年南昌调研Ⅰ)______，the student insists that he be separated from his deskmate，who is naughty.A．To avoid being affected

　　To avoid to be affectedC．Avoiding being affected

　　D．Avoiding to be affected

　　The Great Wall is ______ tourist attraction that millions of people

　　pour in every year.(2009·上海，28)A．so a wellknown

　　B．a so wellknown

　　C．such wellknown a

　　D．such a wellknown

　　A notice was ______ in order to remind the students of the

　　changed lecture time.A．sent up

　　B．given up

　　C．set up

　　D．put up