2017《夺冠之路》高三一轮人教版英语（安徽专用）：方法技巧难点5　精品课件

　　难点(五)　“深奥难懂”的词义猜测题 试题中考查的通常是生僻的词汇，考生不能准确了解其确切意义，从而错选答案。 Which of the following words can best take the place of the word “relish” in the second paragraph? A．chooseB．enjoy　 C．prepare forD．carry on

　　(2010·新课标全国卷Ⅰ，D) There were smiling children all the way.Clearly they knew at what time the train passed their homes and they made it their business to stand along the railway，wave to complete strangers and cheer them up as they rushed towards Penang.Often whole families stood outside their homes and waved and smiled as if those on the trains were their favorite relatives.This is the simple village people of Malaysia.I was moved. I had always traveled to Malaysia by plane or car，so this was the first time I was on a train.I did not particularly relish the long train journey and had brought along a dozen magazines to read and reread.I looked about the train.There was not one familiar face.I sighed and sat down to read my Economics. It was not long before the train was across the Causeway and in Malaysia.Johore Baru was just another city like Singapore，so I was tired of looking at the crowds of people as they hurried past.As we went beyond the city，I watched the straight rows of rubber trees and miles and miles of green.Then the first village came into sight.Immediately I came alive；I decided to wave back. From then on my journey became interesting.I threw my magazines into the waste basket and decided to join in Malaysian life.Then everything came alive.The mountains seemed to speak to me.Even the trees were smiling.I stared at everything as if I was looking at it for the first time. The day passed fast and I even forgot to have my lunch until I felt hungry.I looked at my watch and was surprised that it was 3∶00 pm.Soon the train pulled up at Butterworth.I looked at the people all around me.They all looked beautiful.When my uncle arrived with a smile，I threw my arms around him to give him a warm hug (拥抱)．I had never done this before.He seemed surprised and then his weather­beaten face warmed up with a huge smile.We walked arm in arm to his car. I looked forward to the return journey.

　　[语篇解读]　这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者乘坐火车做长途跋涉，看见窗外陌生乡村的村民对列车上的乘客投以微笑，这微笑给她带来了快乐，并由此改变了作者对生活的态度。 1．The author expected the train trip to be________. A．adventurousB．pleasant C．exciting　

　　D．dull 解析：　推理判断题。第二段说，作者带了十多本杂志，准备在旅途中一次次地阅读；环顾列车的车厢，没有发现一个熟悉的面孔，“我长叹一声，坐下来读我的《经济学》”，从这些叙述看，作者认为自己这次列车出行会是很枯燥乏味的，于是准备了很多书来打发这枯燥沉闷的旅途。 答案：　D 2．What did the author remember most fondly of her train trip? A．The friendly country people. B．The mountains along the way. C．The crowds of people in the streets. D．The simple lunch served on the train. 解析：　事实细节题。第一段说，作者坐在火车上，看见一路上都有村民们微笑的面孔，马来西亚淳朴的乡村人们打动了他；第四段说“我决定融入马来西亚的生活”，从这些信息推断，A.“友好的乡村人们”是作者这次旅途记忆最深刻的东西。 答案：　A 3．Which of the following words can best take the place of the word “relish” in the second paragraph? A．choose　

　　B．enjoy C．prepare forD．carry on 解析：　猜测词义题。第二段画线词的语境说，作者不太relish漫长的列车旅途，于是准备了许多本杂志，由此判断画线词的含义是B，她觉得这样的长途火车旅行是很枯燥的，她不喜欢。 答案：　B

　　4．Where was the writer going? A．Johore Baru.B．The Causeway. C．Butterworth.D．Singapore. 解析：　推理判断题。倒数第二段说火车到达Butterworth，她的叔叔到车站接她，由此判断她此行的目的地是Butterworth。 答案：　C

　　5．What can we learn from the story? A．Comfort in traveling by train. B．Pleasure of living in the country. C．Reading gives people delight. D．Smiles brighten people up.

　　解析：　推理判断题。从作者此次火车旅行看，开始她觉得这次旅行是枯燥的，看见马来西亚的村民在门口对车上的旅客投以微笑，此时“我被感动了”，并将随身携带的杂志都扔掉了，于是，作者看见的一切都充满了生命力，山脉与树木似乎都在向她微笑。从作者这次旅行的情感态度变化看，这些变化都是因为她在火车上看见了窗外人们的微笑，因此“D.微笑能使人的生活充满光明”最能概括本文的主题。 答案：　D

　　【长难句】　Clearly they knew at what time the train passed their homes and they made it their business to stand along the railway，wave to complete strangers and cheer them up as they rushed towards Penang.显然，他们知道这列火车何时经过他们的家门，在火车驰骋前往Penang的路上，他们站在铁路沿线，为火车上的陌生人送去微笑，乐此不疲。 本句使用了what引导的宾语从句、and连接的并列句和as引导的时间状语从句。 [化难为易]　最新的高考英语《考试大纲》中对读的要求有明确规定，考生应该能够根据上下文推测生词词义，所以词义猜测题是高考阅读理解题中不可或缺的题型，旨在考查考生猜词悟义的能力。词义猜测题是从特定的角度考查考生的阅读理解能力和处理生词的能力，它包括对词和词组的理解。例证中要求猜测的单词“relish”对考生来说就是一个生词，要求考生根据语境理解其意义。根据上文中的“I did not particularly relish the long train journey and had brought along a dozen magazines to read and reread.”可知作者不喜欢漫长的列车旅行，于是准备许多杂志，由此推断出画线词的含义是B项。

　　猜测词义不仅是一项阅读技巧，也是高考中考查阅读能力的一个方面。因此，掌握一定的猜词技巧对突破高考阅读理解和提高考生的英语语言运用能力都有非常重要的意义。一般说来，正确猜测词义的方法主要有： 1．通过构词法猜测词义。阅读中常常会遇到一些由熟悉的单词派生、转化或合成的新词，考生可以依据构词法方面的知识来猜测词义。 2．通过同义、反义关系猜测词义。在生词所在的上下文中，有时会出现与之同义或反义的词语，这时可根据熟悉的词语的含义推知生词的含义。

　　3．通过上下文的联系猜测词义。任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的，都跟句子所在的段落及整篇文章有联系。因此，考生可以利用上下文提供的情景和线索进行合乎逻辑的综合分析，进而猜测词义。这是阅读过程中的一大关键，也是近年来高考考查的热点。 4．通过经验及生活常识猜测词义。在做阅读理解题时，考生有时可以运用自身的实际生活经验及生活常识猜测词义。