2017《夺金之路》高三英语人教版一轮复习课件（安徽专用）：3-3

　　3．(2011·东城第一学期检测)The magnificent tower must be saved，________the cost! A．howeverB．whichever C．whateverD．wherever 解析：　考查连词。该句是省略句，省略了谓语动词is，补充完整就是whatever the cost is，由此可以看出从句中缺少的是表语。whichever表示在特定范围内选择，而句中没有可供选择的范围，所以要用whatever，相当于no matter what，在此引导让步状语从句。 答案：　C 4．(辽宁高考)________hungry I am，I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread. A．WhateverB．Whenever C．WhereverD．However 解析：　句意为：无论我多饿，看来我都吃不了那大片面包。A.无论什么，常与名词连用或引导名词性从句；B.无论什么时候；C.无论在哪里；D.无论多么或怎样，常与形容词或副词连用，故选D。 答案：　D 5．________we gave him something to eat，he would save it up for his little sister. A．WhateverB．However C．WhicheverD．Whenever 解析：　考查连词。句意为：“无论何时我们给他东西吃，他总是留下一些给他小妹妹。” 答案：　D Ⅲ.语法专练 本单元语法——宾语从句和表语从句 1．(2011·安徽皖南八校联考)—You know，I’m poor in Chinese，you are not good at English，and... —That’s________we should help each other. A．when　

　　B．where C．how　

　　D．what 解析：　考查名词性从句。where引导的从句作表语，where在句中的意思是“……的地方”。 答案：　B 2．(2011·北京东城区期末)Water，which seems so simple and common，is________makes life possible. A．what　

　　B．that C．which　

　　D．how 解析：　考查表语从句。名词性从句的解题原则是“缺什么补什么”，此处表语从句“________makes life possible”中缺少“主语”，同时“主语”不表示“人”，用what(表示人时应该选用who)。 答案：　A 3．(2011·北京海淀区期末)Sorry I’m so late，but you cannot imagine________great trouble I took to find your house. A．what　

　　B．how C．which　

　　D．why 解析：　考查宾语从句。take great trouble to do something表示“不辞辛劳地做某事”。在此，what引导的宾语从句同时是一个感叹句，what修饰名词trouble。而how在感叹句中修饰形容词或副词。 答案：　A 4．(2010·成都毕业班诊断性检测)Professor Backman took up scientific research for decades，and this is________he devoted all his life to. A．whichB．what C．whereD．how 解析：　考查名词性从句。what引导表语从句且在从句中作介词to的宾语，表示“什么”。 答案：　B 5．(2010·绵阳三诊)After five hours’ drive，they reached________they thought was the place they had been dreaming of. A．where　

　　B．what C．which　

　　D．that 解析：　考查宾语从句。句意为：驱车五个小时之后，他们来到了他们认为是他们一直梦寐以求的地方。句中what引导宾语从句，且作从句的主语，其中they thought是插入语。 答案：　B bring up培养；抚养；教育；提出；呕吐 教材原句P17：He was brought up in Hannibal，Missouri，along the Mississippi River.他在密西西比河边的密苏里州的汉尼拔长大。 ①She has three young children to bring up on her own. 她独自一人要抚养三个孩子。 ②Some people laughed at the idea when I first brought it up. 我第一次把这想法提出来时受到一些人的嘲笑。 ③He was so sick that he brought up his lunch. 他病得很严重，以至于把吃的午饭都吐了出来。 bring about引起；产生；导致；带来 bring sth.back带回某物；使想起 bring down让……降下来；使倒下 bring forward提前 bring in引入 ④The photographs brought back many pleasant memories. 那些照片给人带来很多美好的回忆。 ⑤Science and technology has brought about many changes in our lives.科学技术给我们生活带来了诸多变化。 ⑥He made every effort to bring down the cost of living. 他竭力降低生活费用。

　　7.His parents died when he was five years old，so he was________by his grandparents. A．taken up　

　　B．given up C．grown up　

　　D．brought up 解析：　此题考查词语辨析。句意为：他的父母在他五岁时去世，因此他由爷爷奶奶抚养大。take up占用；give up放弃；grow up长大；bring up抚养，抚育；带大。 答案：　D

　　8．完成句子 The discussion came alive when an interesting topic__________________(引入)． 答案：　was brought in go ahead前进；(用于祈使句)可以；往下说 教材原句P18：Go right ahead.请问吧。 ①Go ahead！I want to hear more about your plan. 往下说，我想知道更多你的计划。 ②—I wonder if I could possibly use your car tonight. ——我今天晚上能不能用你的汽车？ —Sure，go ahead.I’m not using it anyhow. ——当然可以，用吧。反正我也不用。 go against违背，反对/对……不利(无被动式) go around/round/about(疾病、消息等)传播 go by过去 go over审查；查阅；复习 go through遭受；经历；通过 go without没有……也行；将就…… ③She went against her mother’s wishes. 她违背了她母亲的意愿。 ④As time went by，I was made smaller. 随着岁月的流逝，我被做的越来越小。 ⑤Smokers cannot go without cigarettes even a day. 吸烟者哪怕一天没有香烟都不行。

　　9.(全国高考)—Could I ask you a rather personal question? —Sure，________. A．pardon meB．go ahead C．good ideaD．forget it 解析：　句意为：——我可以问你一个私人问题吗？——当然可以，说吧。pardon me请再说一遍；go ahead干吧，说吧，用吧；good idea好主意；forget it没关系，不必在意；(表示不想重复说过的话)别提它了；住嘴。 答案：　B 10．(陕西高考)—Could I use your computer for a few moments，please? —________.I’m not using it myself. A．Come onB．It depends C．Go aheadD．That’s great 解析：　本题考查交际用语。由前置语境“我能不能用会儿你的电脑”以及后置语境“我自己现在不用”可知应选C项Go ahead用吧！去吧！干吧！而Come on加油，It depends看情况而定，That’s great太棒了，均不合题意。 答案：　C

　　The next morning I’d just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship. 第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。 had just done...when...刚做完某事，这时…… be doing...when...正在做……这时…… be about to do...when...正要做……这时…… be on the point of doing...when... 正要做……这时…… ①He had just gone to bed when the telephone rang. 他刚上床睡觉，这时电话响了。 ②He was reading newspapers when he heard his name called. 他正在读报，这时听到有人叫他的名字。 ③I was about to go out when an unexpected visitor came. 我正要出门，一位不速之客来访了。 ④She was on the point of leaving when I arrived. 她正要离开，这时我来了。

　　when用作连词，意为“既然”。 ⑤How can they expect to learn anything when they never listen? 既然他们从不听讲，他们怎么能指望学到东西呢？

　　11.(2010·全国卷Ⅱ)Tom was about to close the windowhis attention was caught by a bird. A．whenB．if C．andD．till 解析：　句意为：汤姆正要关上窗户，就在这时一只鸟引起了他的注意。在句式“...be about to do when...”中，when作并列连词，相当于and at that time，句中was about to do为标志词，故答案为A项。 答案：　A 12．(2009·福建卷)She had just finished her homework________her mother asked her to practise playing the piano yesterday. A．whenB．while C．after　

　　D．since 解析：　句意为：昨天她刚做完作业，她妈妈就让她练钢琴。when在本句中作并列连词，意为：and at that time。while作并列连词，表示“对比转折”；after为从属连词或介词，意为“在……之后”；since自从……时候，既然……。 答案：　A 13．(四川高考)There were some chairs left over________everyone had sat down. A．whenB．until C．thatD．where 解析：　句意为：虽然所有人都坐下了，但还有一些椅子剩下。when放在句中时有even though之意。 答案：　A 14．(辽宁高考)I used to love that film________I was a child，but I don’t feel it that way any more. A．onceB．when C．sinceD．although 解析：　句意为：当我是个小孩的时候我曾经很喜欢那部电影，但现在我再也没有那种感觉了。A.一旦；B.当……的时候；C.自从……以来；既然；D.尽管，根据句意选B。 答案：　B Indeed，sir，I hope you’ll come here whenever you like.真的，先生， 我希望您想来的时候，您就来。 whenever意为“在任何时候，无论何时”。 (1)whenever，wherever，however引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter when/where/how。 (2)whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句，在引导让步状语从句时相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。 (3)however用作连接副词，相当于no matter how，引导让步状语从句，意思是“不管怎样……；无论如何……”，具体结构为：however＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语。 ①Whenever we met with difficulties，they came to help us. 每当我们遇到困难的时候，他们都会帮助我们。 ②However great the difficulties are，we must complete the task in time.不管困难有多大，我们都必须及时完成任务。 ③Whatever your problems are，you mustn’t lose heart. 不管你面临的是什么问题，都不要失去信心。 ④Whoever breaks the law should be punished.(whoever不能换成no matter who)无论谁触犯法律，都应受到惩罚。

　　whichever，whatever在句中还可作定语。 The content is the same whichever book you choose. 不管你选哪一本书，内容都是一样的。

　　15.(2010·上海卷)________you may have，you should gather your courage to face the challenge. A．However a serious problem B．What a serious problem C．However serious a problem D．What serious a problem

　　解析：　句意为：不论你的问题有多严重，你都应该鼓起勇气，接受挑战。考查状语从句。分析题干可知逗号前是让步状语从句，what不能用来引导状语从句，所以排除B、D两项；however＋adj.＋a/an＋单数名词＝whatever＋a/an＋adj.＋单数名词，故C项正确。 答案：　C

　　Well，towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.

　　哦，快到黄昏的时候，我发现自己被一阵大风刮到了大海上。 find oneself...发现自己处于某种境地，而且含有一种“在不知不觉中……”的意思。 ①When day broke，we found ourselves in a small village at the foot of the mountain. 天亮时，我们发现自己来到了那座山脚下的一个小村子里。 ②When he came to himself，he found himself lying in hospital. 当他醒来时，发现自己躺在医院里。

　　③I found myself surrounded by a group of children. 我发现自己被一群孩子围住了。 ④A group of children were found playing on the playground. 有人发现一群孩子正在操场上玩耍。

　　16.He found his son________by letters and papers and________very worried. A．surrounding；looked　 B．surrounded；looked C．surrounding；looking　 D．surrounded；looking 解析：　动词的过去分词充当宾补，表示被动；动词的现在分词充当宾补，表示主动。根据句意应选D。 答案：　D 17．A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ________ in the kitchen. A．smokeB．smoking C．to smoke　D．smoked 解析：　句意为：如果发现厨师在厨房里吸烟，他将马上被解雇。本题考查的是“find＋宾语＋宾补”的结构，主语补足语的选择与宾语补足语的选择方法相同。由“发现厨师在厨房里吸烟”，可知“厨师”与“吸烟”之间在逻辑上是主谓关系(或主动关系)且强调“吸烟”这一动作正在进行之中。所以smoking是最佳答案。 答案：　B Ⅰ.完成句子 1．His grandmother and his father_______(将他抚养成人)． 答案：　brought him up 2．I’ll see you after the meeting_________(如果时间允许的话)． 答案：　if time permits 3．__________________________(我偶然碰见她) in the street. 答案：　I met her by accident 4．He lifted his head and______________________(盯着她看)． 答案：　stared at her 5．Even in New York you still see__________________(很多人穿得破破烂烂)． 答案：　many people in rags 6．__________________(关于我的过去)，I’m not telling you anything. 答案：　As for/to my past 7．Though，he was told it was hard to find job there，he still decided to___________(冒险)． 答案：　take a chance/risk 8．You didn’t bother me.______________(相反) I like your company. 答案：　On the contrary Ⅱ.巧思妙解 1．(2009·陕西卷)The how­to book can be of help to________wants to do the job. A．who B．whomever C．no matter who　

　　D．whoever 解析：　句意为：指南类的书对想从事这项工作的任何人都会有帮助。本题考查名词性从句。首先排除C项，no matter who只能引导状语从句；who表特指；whomever与whoever同样可以表示任何人，但设空处连接代词需作宾语从句的主语，故排除B项。 答案：　D 2．(浙江高考)________wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way. A．Anyone　

　　B．The one C．Whoever　

　　D．Who 解析：　句意为：任何一个想住在旅馆里的人必须支付自己的费用。whoever此处引导名词性从句，相当于anyone who。anyone和the one后少who，who表特指，故被排除。 答案：　C 真题回放 佳作展示 (2010·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)

　　假设你是育才中学学生会主席李华。你校将举办一次英语演讲比赛(speech contest)，希望附近某大学的外籍教师Smith女士来做评委。请参照以下比赛通知给她写一封信。 英语演讲比赛 主题：人与自然 时间：6月15日下午2∶00～5∶00 地点：501教室 参赛选手：10名学生 联系人：李华(电话 44876655) 欢迎大家光临 注意：词数100左右。 ____________________________________________________________________

　　Dear Ms Smith，

　　I’m Li Hua，Chair of the Student Union of Yucai Middle School，which is close to your university.I’m writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest to be held in our school on June 15，at Room 501.It will start at 2∶00 pm and last for about three hours.Ten students will deliver their speeches on the given topic “Man and Nature”．We hope that you will accept our invitation if it is convenient for you.Please call me at 44876655 if you have any questions.

　　I am looking forward to your reply.

　　With best wishes，

　　Li Hua

　　Ⅰ.重点单词聚焦 1．Bob earned his________(船费) on an English boat when he traveled to China. 答案：　passage 2．Usain Bolt set an________(难以置信的) world record in the

　　100­meter race at the Beijing Olympics. 答案：　unbelievable 3．We missed the first few________(场景) of the play because we were caught in a traffic jam. 答案：　scenes 4．It wasn’t your________(过错)．You needn’t apologize to him. 答案：　fault 5．The job is not tiring at all.On the________(相反)，it’s very relaxing. 答案：　contrary 6．By law，youth under eighteen are not________(允许) to enter Net bars. 答案：　permitted 7．These children are very naughty，so you need________(耐心) to deal with them. 答案：　patience 8．Good________(态度，举止) are a very important key to your social success. 答案：　manners 9．I don’t like to talk with him；he has a very________(粗鲁的) manner. 答案：　rude 10．Recent pressure at work may________(解释) for his strange behavior. 答案：　account Ⅱ.重点短语扫描 1．

　　accident/chance 偶然；无意中；不小心 2．stare at　

　　盯着看；凝视 3．account

　　导致；做出解释 4．

　　rags　

　　衣衫褴褛 5．

　　for/to　

　　关于；至于 6．bring

　　抚养；培养；教育；提出 7．go

　　前进；可以；往下说 8．on the

　　与此相反；正相反 9．to be

　　说实话 10．take a

　　冒险 11．from the

　　of one’s heart　从心底 12．take one’s

　　点菜 by for in as up ahead contrary honest chance bottom order Ⅲ.课文原句突破 1．快到黄昏的时候，我发现自己被一阵大风刮到了大海上。 Well，towards nightfall I________ ________ ________ ________to sea by a strong wind. 答案：　found myself carried out 2．第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。 The next morning I’d just about ________ ________ ________ for lost________ I was ________by a ship. 答案：　given myself up；when；spotted 3．是那艘船把你带到英国来的。 And

　　________ ________ ________ ________ ________brought you to England. 答案：　it was the ship that

　　4．事实上，我是靠做义工来顶替船费，这正是我为什么衣冠不整的原因。 ________ ________ ________ ________I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand，which accounts for my appearance. 答案：　The fact is that

　　5．真的，先生，我希望您想来的时候，您就来。 Indeed，sir，I hope you’ll come here ________ you like. 答案：　whenever 6．至于账单嘛，先生，请把它忘了吧。 ________ ________ the bill，sir，please forget it. 答案：　As for scene n．(戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色；(电影，电视的)一个镜头；(事件发生的)地点 on the scene在现场；当场 appear/come on the scene出场；登场 behind the scenes在幕后；暗中 the scene of the accident事故现场 ①Reporters were soon on the scene after the accident. 那事故发生后不久记者们就赶到了现场。 ②The happy scene of children playing in the garden disappeared，and it was quiet again. 孩子们在花园里高兴地玩得场面消失后，花园又安静下来。 ③The students were able to go behind the scenes to see how programmes are made. 学生们可以到后台去看看节目是怎么制作出来的。 ④They rushed to the scene of the traffic accident. 他们火速赶到车祸的现场。

　　辨析：scene，scenery与view (1)scene指都市景观或室内陈设，还可指舞台场面或部分布景，是可数名词。 (2)scenery指山河湖海等自然景观，也可指舞台全部，是不可数名词。 (3)view指从远处或高处看到的风景。

　　1.用scene，scenery与view填空： (1)When I was a little boy，I lived in a small fishing village.The visit to the village reminded me of the________of my childhood. (2)On the top of Mount Tai，you can get a wonderful________of the sunrise. (3)We passed through some beautiful________on our journey through this district. 答案：　(1)scene　(2)view　(3)scenery permit v．允许；容许；许可；n.许可证；执照；通行证 教材原句P18：Permit me to lead the way，sir. 先生，请让我来带路吧。

　　①Visitors are not permitted to take photographs. 参观者请勿拍照。 ②After the law was passed，the prisoners in that state are permitted two hours’ outdoor exercise a day.此项法律通过后，那个州的犯人允许每天有两个小时的户外活动。 ③My parents didn’t permit my going with you. 我父母不准我和你一起去。 ④We’ll have a picnic in the woods，weather permitting. 如果天气好，我们将在树林里野餐。

　　2.(2011·宁夏银川一中高三月考)The local government announced that only when the fire was under control________to return to their homes. A．the residents would be permitted B．had the residents been permitted C．would the residents be permitted D．the residents had been permitted 解析：　“only＋状语”位于句首要用部分倒装的结构，另外本句用了permit sb.to do的结构，其被动语态形式为sb.be permitted to do。 答案：　C fault n．责任；过错；缺点；vt.对……挑毛病 教材原句P18：It was all my fault.这都是我的错。 It’s one’s fault.是某人的错。

　　find fault in看出……的缺点，找出……的毛病 find fault with对……不满，挑剔 ①I wonder how they got lost and whose fault it was. 我想知道他们是怎么迷路的，又是谁的过错。 ②Somehow，people seem to think it’s my fault for letting him in. 不知怎的，人们似乎认为让他进来是我的过错。 ③He is such a man who is always finding fault with other people. 他是一个总爱挑剔别人毛病的人。

　　3.完成句子 (1)我希望你不要再对我做的一切吹毛求疵了。 I wish you’d stop trying to __________________I do. (2)从你的文章里我找不到错误，它完美无瑕。 I can’t ________________________your paper.It is perfect. 答案：　(1)find fault with everything　(2)find fault in spot vt.发现；认出；点缀；n.斑点；污点；地点 教材原句P18：The next morning I’d just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship. 第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘海船发现了我。

　　①I had just sat down to work when I spotted something moving on the wall.我刚刚坐下来工作就发现有东西在墙上挪动。 ②He spotted a serious mistake in the accounts. 他在账目中发现了一个严重的错误。 ③I easily spotted him in the crowd because he was very tall. 因为他个子非常高，我在人群中很容易就认出了他。 ④I was on the spot when the accident happened. 事故发生时我在场。 ⑤This is the very spot where the accident happened. 这就是事故发生的地点。

　　4.完成句子 When the man was trying to break into the bank，he________________________(当场被警察抓住)． 答案：　was caught by the police on the spot account vi.& vt.认为；说明；总计有；n.说明；理由；计算；账目；报道 教材原句P18：The fact is that I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand，which accounts for my appearance. 事实上我靠做义工来顶替船费，这就是我为什么衣冠不整的原因了。

　　①How do you account for your absence from school yesterday? 你如何解释你昨天没上学呢？ ②On no account must employers make personal telephone calls from the office. ＝Employees must on no account make personal telephone calls from the office.雇员们决不允许在办公室打私人电话。 ③His exam results were not very good，but we must take his long illness into account. 他的考试成绩不是很好，但我们必须考虑到他曾长期生病。 ④The train was delayed on account of snow. 火车因下雪而延误了。 ⑤He paid the money into his account. 他把钱存入他的账户里。

　　5.完成句子 缺钱是她辍学的原因。 ____________________________her not continuing her studies. 答案：　Lack of money accounts for 6．Since we are not wealthy now，we’d better take our daily expenses into________. A．thought　

　　B．account C．position　

　　D．effect 解析：　考查名词辨析。take...into account/consideration为固定搭配，表示“把……考虑进去”。thought思索，想法，观点；account账户，描述，报道；position位置，方位，境况，形势，(社会)地位，职务；effect结果，效果，影响。句意为：我们现在并不富裕，因此我们应把日常的花销考虑在内。 答案：　B (1)

　　(2)

　　(1)spot

　　(2)

　　(1)account for说明(原因等)；做出解释；占……(比例)

　　(2)

　　(3)take...into account＝take...into consideration考虑……