2017届高考总复习跟踪测评外研版：必修4 Module4《Great Scientists》

　　2017届高考总复习跟踪测评外研版：必修4 Module4《Great Scientists》

　　Ⅰ. 语音知识

　　从A、B、C、D四个选项中，找出其音标与所给单词的读音相同的选项1. biology

　　A. [bi′ɔlədʒi]

　　B. [bai′ɔlədʒi]

　　C. [′baiəulədʒ]

　　D. [baiɔlədʒi]

　　2. figure

　　A. [′figuə]

　　B. [′figə]

　　C. [′faigə]

　　D. [′faiguə]

　　3. quality

　　A. [′kwɔləti]

　　B. [′kwæləti]

　　C. [′kwa:ləti]

　　D. [kwæliti]

　　4. period

　　A. [′piəriəd]

　　B. [′pəriɔd]

　　C. [′periəd]

　　D. [′piəriɔd]

　　5. preparation

　　A. [1prepə′reʃn]

　　B. [1pripə′reiəd]

　　C. [1prəpə′reiʃn]

　　D. [1prepə′reiʃn]

　　Ⅱ. 单词拼写

　　1. Everyone else caught the disease, but I e

　　.

　　2. She was the v

　　of a road accident.

　　3. According to the rules of the work you should prefer quality to q

　　.

　　4. With new technology used in a

　　more crops are produced.

　　5. While watching the performance, the children cheered and c

　　their hands

　　6. He is a

　　(主要的) figure in the rice growing world.

　　7. The

　　（本来的）owner of the house was the Duke of Wellington.

　　8. The new car is

　　(出口) to other countries.

　　9. Stephen Hawking is a very

　　(才华横溢的) disabled scientist.

　　10. Scientists have made a great

　　(突破) in gene engineering.

　　Ⅲ. 辨析填空

　　A.

　　1. In the great fire, he was lucky to

　　being killed.

　　2. You can not

　　the fact that there are many difficulties before you.

　　3. The enemy soldiers were

　　in all directions but few of them could

　　4. We had to break the door out to

　　the fire.

　　B.

　　1. I was caught in the rain last night,

　　, I’ve had a bad cold.

　　2.

　　a serious illness, she could not move her left leg.

　　3. The accident

　　careless driving.

　　4. Some of the houses were destroyed

　　the flood.

　　5. The traffic accident

　　three deaths.

　　C.

　　1. How much do you suppose this set of equipment will

　　?

　　2. Nearly all educators believe that a challenging situation can often

　　the best qualities of a person.

　　3. His new suggestion

　　at the meeting.

　　4. His story

　　our happy childhood together.

　　5. Science has

　　many changes in our lives.

　　Ⅳ. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空

　　1. Don’t use words, expressions, or phrases

　　(know) only to people with specific knowledge.

　　2. Such

　　(be) the case, I couldn’t help but

　　(support) him.

　　3. In the face of the big fire in October in California, many people in the fire-struck areas moved out to escape

　　(burn).

　　4. It is generally considered that Gilbert

　　(discover) electricity while Edison

　　(invent) the electric light bulb.

　　5. They now have a good government

　　(support) by all the people.

　　Ⅴ. 翻译句子

　　1. 这两个人因为在发展较高产量杂交水稻中努力工作而受到尊重。(be honoured for)

　　2. 由于这两位杰出科学家做出的贡献和努力工作，他们在两个大陆成百万人的生活中产生了很大影响。(make a difference to)

　　3. 他们正在完整地记录自然保护区内所有的植物。

　　(make a list of)

　　4. 保持身体健康的秘诀是有规律的吃饭和睡觉。

　　(the

　　key to ...)

　　5. 在过去，他以每天搬运10个小时的砖块谋生。

　　（earn one’s living）

　　Ⅵ. 语法和词汇知识

　　从每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

　　1. You’re fortunate enough to escape

　　for drunken driving, but don’t drink again.

　　A. fitting

　　B. to fine

　　C. being fined

　　D. to be fined

　　2. To get different views, could I

　　some experts to attend the programme?

　　A. bring in

　　B. bring about

　　C. bring up

　　D. bring out

　　3. With the fast development of economy, a lot of farmlands were

　　to industrial, residential or other uses.

　　A. replaced

　　B. converted

　　C. made

　　D. returned

　　4. Ever since that political congress

　　last year took many effective measures to develop economy, great changes of peo ple’s life have

　　.

　　A. came to power; taken place

　　B. came to power; been taken place

　　C. coming to power; been taken place

　　D. coming to power; taken place

　　5. A new library

　　downtown. They hope to complete it by the end of this year.

　　A. is being built

　　B. has been built

　　C. will be built

　　D. is building

　　6. This morning he got up very late,

　　which he missed the early bus and was late for class.

　　A. as a result

　　B. because

　　C. as

　　D. as a result of

　　7.

　　food and vegetables

　　southern China where people have being suffered from snow storms since mid-January.

　　A. Large quantities of; are sent to

　　B. A large quantity of; are sent to

　　C. Plenty of; is sent to

　　D. A great deal of; are sent to

　　8. Mother’s face

　　at the news that her daughter had been admitted to a key middle school.

　　A. cleaned up

　　B. cleared up

　　C. cleaned out

　　D. cleared out

　　9. Having good

　　relationships is a most important thing for people in the modern society.

　　A. personnel

　　B. private

　　C. individual

　　D. personal

　　10. Her

　　plan was to stay here for a month, but she had to leave after two weeks.

　　A. special

　　B. staple

　　C. personal

　　D. original

　　Ⅶ. 阅读理解

　　阅读下列短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　Alexander Fleming was born in Scotland in 1881. He left school when he was thirteen years old; for a few years he worked in a shopping company. When he was about twenty years old, an uncle died and left him some money.

　　At his elder brother’s advice, he took an entrance examination for medical school. He passed brilliantly and joined St. Mary’s Hospital in London. There he met Sir Almroth Wright and that meeting changed the course of his life. When he graduated, he joined Wright’s laboratory staff instead of going into private practice as he had earlier intended.

　　During the First World War, he served in the Royal Army Medical Corps and was shocked by what he saw in France. Hundreds of wounded soldiers, with bacteria crawling in their wounds, were brought to his hospital. But there was little he could do for them as the antiseptics in use then were not effective for deep wounds.

　　He was horrified by the suffering and the numerous deaths, but Fleming was a determined man full of courage and he vowed to discover something that would kill these bacteria and save lives.

　　After the war he continued his research. For years he toiled on; then in September 1928 he made one of the greatest discoveries of all time. He had been growing colonies of bacteria in flat, open dishes. A few days later he saw that mould had settled in one of the dishes. However, he did not throw away the dish; instead he examined it and saw that no bacteria grew near the mould. “Had the mould killed the bacteria?” he asked himself.

　　A chemical from the mould had done just that. Fleming later named this chemical penicillin. Thus one of the greatest achievements of man had taken place.

　　But penicillin was not immediately used—years were to pass before that happened. More knowledge about the drug was gained and in 1941 many people were successfully treated. Before long penicillin was produced on a large scale, and during the Second World War it helped save thousands of wounded soldiers.

　　1. When Fleming was around twenty years of age, he

　　.

　　A. worked in a shipping company

　　B. received some money from his uncle who had died

　　C. joined Wright’s laboratory staff

　　D. served in the Royal Army Medical Corps

　　2. During the First World War, Fleming was horrified by

　　.

　　A. the lack of proper useful things in hospitals

　　B. the lack of antiseptics available for deep wounds

　　C. the suffering and numerous deaths of the soldiers brought to the hospital

　　D. the amount of bacteria crawling about in the wounds of the patients

　　3. Fleming decided to

　　.

　　A. discover penicillin

　　B. invent a new antiseptic

　　C. help lessen the suffering of the wounded

　　D. discover something that would kill the bacteria and save lives

　　4. In the third paragraph the underlined word “vow” means

　　.

　　A. 发誓

　　B. 高兴

　　C. 不愿

　　D. 放弃

　　5. Which of the following titles BEST sums up the passage?

　　A. A Strange Chemical

　　B. Killing the Bacteria

　　C. Antiseptics

　　D. The Discovery of Penicillin

　　Ⅷ. 任务型阅读

　　根据短文内容，从下框的A—F选项中选出能概括每一段的主题最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。

　　You need to change in order to grow. Changing your life is a continuous process. It never ends. The moment you stop changing, you stop growing. Here are some tips that may help to change your life:

　　1.

　　To change your life, you need time to think and reflect. If you are always busy, you won’t have the time to think about your life, let alone taking action to change it.it’s not only the scenery you miss by going too fast—you also miss the sense of where you are going and why.

　　2.

　　It’s your life; nobody can change it but you. If you aren’t willing to change, then nothing in this world can make you do so. To build the willingness to change, first you should realize that your life can be better than it is now. No matter how good your life is, it can always be improved. On the other hand, don’t feel hopeless if your life doesn’t seem good right now. You can always change your life for the better.

　　3.

　　Don’t blame other people for the bad things that happen in your life. Don’t blame your family, friends, boss, or the economy. Whether your life goes up or down depends on you and you alone. Stephen Covey once said, “We immediately become more effective when we decide to change ourselves rather than asking things to change for us.”

　　4.

　　Deep down in your heart, there are some principles that you know is true. Take the time to find them. What do you think is the most valuable thing in life? What principles do you think you must follow to live a fulfilling life? These are the values that you need to align(与……一致) yourself with. Find them and remind yourself constantly about them.

　　5.

　　Not only can this person give you advice on what to do in certain situations, he can also warn you about possible pitfalls in your path. Without a mentor(导师), most likely you will have to learn many lessons the hard way. Having a mentor will save you serious amount of time.

　　A. Take full responsibility.

　　B. Slow down your pace.

　　C. Find an advisor.

　　D. Cherish people around you.

　　E. Find your deepest values.

　　F. Be willing to change.

　　参考答案

　　基础操练

　　Ⅰ.1-5.BBAAD

　　Ⅱ. 1. escaped 2. victim 3. quantity

　　4. agriculture 5. clapped 6. leading

　　7. original 8. exported

　　9. brilliant 10. breakthrough

　　Ⅲ. A. 1. escape 2. escape

　　3. fleeing; escape 4. escape from

　　B. 1. as a result 2. As a result of

　　3. resulted from 4. as a result of

　　5. resulted in

　　C. 1. bring in 2. bring out

　　3. was brought up 4. brought back

　　5. brought about

　　Ⅳ. 1. known 2. being; support

　　3. being burnt 4.discovered; invented

　　5. supported

　　Ⅴ. 1. Both men were honoured for their work in the development of new hybrid rice plants which produce higher yields.

　　2. Because of their dedication and hard work, the two outstanding scientists have really made a difference to the lives of millions of people in two continents.

　　3. They are making a complete list of all the plants in the nature reserve.

　　4. The key to keeping good health is to eat and sleep regularly.

　　5. In the past, he earned his living by carrying bricks ten hours a day.

　　提升练习

　　Ⅵ.1. 解析:

　　选C。考查动词escape的用法。escape+n./pron./v.ing表示“逃避、逃脱；避免做……”；escape being done表示“避免被……”。fine与主语you之间是被动关系，故选C。

　　2. 解析:

　　选A。考查动词短语辨析。bring in 赚钱，引进，让参加; bring about 导致，造成；bring up 提出，养育；bring out 阐明，推出。句意为：为了得到不同的观点，我可以让一些专家参加这个节目吗?故选A项。

　　3. 解析:

　　选B。replace代替，取代，通常与with连用；convert改变，转变，比较正式；return归还，回来。

　　4. 解析:

　　选D。考查非谓语动词和语态。句意为：自从去年上台执政的政党采取了很多发展经济的措施，人们的生活发生了很大变化。在ever since引导的从句中，took是句子的谓语，come to power (上台执政)在句中作定语，与被修饰词congress是逻辑主谓关系，故用现在分词表示主动；take place (发生)无被动语态。故选D项。

　　5. 解析:

　　选A。考查时态和语态。由提供的信息“They hope to complete it by the end of this year”可知,图书馆应是正在（被）建设中，故用现在进行时的被动语态。

　　6. 解析:

　　选D。在这个复合句中，which 引导非限定性定语从句，代替整个主句的内容，并作as a result of的宾语。A、B两项均不可接宾语；as 作介词，意为“作为”，与句意不符。

　　7. 解析:

　　选A。考查主谓一致。large quantities of/a large quantity of, plenty of都既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词。区别是：“large quantities / a large quantity of+n.” 作主语时， 谓语动词的单复数依据quantity的单复数而定，而不看它所修饰的名词；“plenty of+n.”作主语时， 谓语动词的单复数依据后面所接的名词的单复数而定。a great deal of 只可修饰不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

　　8. 解析:

　　选B。考查动词短语辨析。clean up 打扫干净；clear up （天）放晴；（脸色）开朗起来；clean out 把（房间、抽屉等）弄干净整洁；清除；clear out 清理；走开。根据句意选B项。

　　9. 解析:

　　选D。personnel人事；private私人的；individual个别的，个人的；good personal relationship良好的个人关系，符合题意。

　　10. 解析:

　　选D。考查形容词词义辨析。special 特殊的；staple 主要的；personal 个人的；original 最初的。句意为:她最初的计划是在这儿住上一个月，但是，两周后她就不得不离开了。故选D项。

　　Ⅶ.1. 解析:

　　选B。细节理解题。从文章第一段的最后一句“When he was about twenty years old, an uncle died and left him some money.”可知答案。

　　2. 解析:

　　选C。细节理解题。由第三段的前两句可知，Fleming被痛苦和无数的死亡所惊吓。

　　3. 解析:

　　选D。 推理判断题。从第三段中的“ ...horrified by the suffering and the numerous deaths, Fleming vowed to discover something that would kill these bacteria and save lives.”可推断选D项。

　　4. 解析:

　　选A。词义猜测题。从上面的“ ..., but Fleming was a determined man full of courage ...”看出“有决心和勇气”，从而找出答案“发誓”。

　　5. 解析:

　　选D。主旨大意题。综观全文可以看出短文主要介绍盘尼西林的发现过程。

　　Ⅷ. 1-5.BFAEC

　　bring up/bring in/bring about/bring out/bring baback

　　result in/result from/as a result/as a result of

　　escape/escape from/flee